{"id":12393,"date":"2019-04-02T15:07:01","date_gmt":"2019-04-02T10:07:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=12393"},"modified":"2019-04-02T15:07:01","modified_gmt":"2019-04-02T10:07:01","slug":"%c9%99bulf%c9%99t-h%c9%99s%c9%99noglu-imad%c9%99ddin-n%c9%99simi-f%c9%99ls%c9%99f%c9%99sin%c9%99-baxis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=12393","title":{"rendered":"\u018fb\u00fclf\u0259t H\u0259s\u0259no\u011flu – \u0130mad\u0259ddin N\u0259simi f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259sin\u0259 bax\u0131\u015f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"heseno]lu\"<\/a>H\u0259r \u015feyd\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259 \u0130mad\u0259ddin N\u0259siminin anadan olmas\u0131n\u0131n 650 illiyi m\u00fcnasib\u0259til\u0259 2019-cu ilin N\u0259simi ili elan edilm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 s\u0259r\u0259ncam verdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 H\u00f6rm\u0259tli Prezidentimiz\u0259 minn\u0259tdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 bildirir\u0259m.
\n<\/span>
N\u0259simi v\u0259 onun kimi \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r mill\u0259timizin m\u0259n\u0259vi s\u0259rv\u0259ti olub, bu mill\u0259tin d\u00fcnyaya tan\u0131d\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn vizit kart\u0131d\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan beyn\u0259lxalq miqyasda \u0259sas\u0259n maddi s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259ri (neft, qaz v\u0259 s.) il\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhurdur. Yax\u015f\u0131 bilirik ki, maddi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r istifad\u0259 olunduqca t\u00fck\u0259nir, m\u0259n\u0259vi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r is\u0259 tan\u0131d\u0131ld\u0131qca, ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131qca daha b\u00f6y\u00fck b\u0259hr\u0259l\u0259r verir.<\/span>

\u0130mad\u0259ddin N\u0259simi Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 tarixind\u0259 \u0259n uca zirv\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. Bu da ham\u0131ya yax\u015f\u0131 m\u0259lmdur ki, N\u0259simi elmlilik, \u0259xlaq, \u0259qid\u0259, inam, m\u0259rdlik v\u0259 d\u00f6z\u00fcm n\u00fcmun\u0259si olmu\u015fdur. \u00d6vliyal\u0131q s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 ucalaraq y\u00fcks\u0259k dini safl\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u0259bli\u011fi yolunda edam olundu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259, m\u0259n onu \u015f\u0259hid hesab edir\u0259m v\u0259 h\u0259qiq\u0259td\u0259 d\u0259 bel\u0259dir. M\u00fcharib\u0259 \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 olan \u00f6lk\u0259miz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u0259m ki, bel\u0259 \u00f6rn\u0259kl\u0259rin t\u0259bli\u011fi olduqca vacibdir v\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb ed\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/span>

\u015eairin h\u0259yat\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 \u0259limizd\u0259 o q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 geni\u015f m\u0259lumat yoxdur.<\/span>

\u0130madd\u0259ddin N\u0259simi,–Seyid \u018fli ibn Seyid M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d (1369- \u015eamax\u0131, 1417- H\u0259l\u0259b, Suriya), – ilk t\u0259hsilini \u015eamax\u0131da alm\u0131\u015f, d\u00f6vr\u00fcn elml\u0259rini – dinl\u0259rin tarixini, m\u0259ntiq, riyaziyyat v\u0259 astranomiyan\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nmi\u015fdir. Atas\u0131 Seyid M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d \u015eirvanda yax\u015f\u0131 tan\u0131nan \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. N\u0259siminin bir qarda\u015f\u0131 da olmu\u015fdur. O, \u015eamax\u0131da ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f v\u0259 \u015eah X\u0259ndan t\u0259x\u0259ll\u00fcs\u00fc il\u0259 \u015feirl\u0259r yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra h\u0259min adla tan\u0131nan k\u00f6hn\u0259 q\u0259biristanl\u0131qda d\u0259fn edildiyi bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259lumatlar vard\u0131r.<\/span>

Seyid \u018fli b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada \u0130mad\u0259ddin N\u0259simi kimi tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Dinin dir\u0259yi (s\u00fctunu) m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131yan \u0130mad\u0259ddin ad\u0131n\u0131n \u015fair\u0259 hans\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n verilm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 he\u00e7 yerd\u0259 m\u0259lumat verilmir. Ancaq, N\u0259simi (x\u0259fif meh) t\u0259x\u0259ll\u00fcs\u00fc, deyil\u0259n\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, m\u00fcr\u015fidi N\u0259iminin (bol ruzi) t\u0259x\u0259ll\u00fcs\u00fcn\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131laraq q\u0259bul edilmi\u015fdir.<\/span>

N\u0259simi kimi dahinin yeti\u015fm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn elmi – \u0259d\u0259bi ictimai m\u00fchitin olmas\u0131 vacib \u015f\u0259rt idi. Orta \u0259sirl\u0259rd\u0259 q\u0259dim ip\u0259k yolu \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n \u015eamax\u0131 iri ticar\u0259t v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259rind\u0259n biri olmu\u015fdur. Burada \u00e7oxlu m\u0259kt\u0259b, m\u0259dr\u0259s\u0259, \u015f\u0259rqd\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhur olan \u015feir v\u0259 musiqi m\u0259clisl\u0259ri f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015f, z\u0259ngin ictimai v\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsi kitabxanalar m\u00f6vcud olmu\u015fdur. \u015eamax\u0131 yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda M\u0259lh\u0259m adlanan yerd\u0259 Dar-\u00fc\u015f-\u015e\u0259fa (xalq aras\u0131nda M\u0259lh\u0259m piri) adlanan Tibb akademiyas\u0131 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir. Bu tibb oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 m\u0259\u015fhur \u015fairimiz Xaqani \u015eirvaninin \u0259misi, – alim v\u0259 h\u0259kim Kafi\u0259ddin olmu\u015fdur. M\u0259r\u0259z\u0259d\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n \u015eamax\u0131 r\u0259s\u0259dxanas\u0131n\u0131n f\u0259ailiyy\u0259ti d\u0259 (N\u0259sr\u0259ddin Tusi) \u0259razid\u0259 elmin inki\u015faf\u0131na laz\u0131mi t\u00f6hf\u0259l\u0259r vermi\u015fdir. Bel\u0259 bir m\u00fchitd\u0259 boy atan N\u0259simi g\u0259nc ya\u015flar\u0131ndan d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00f6y\u00fck filosofu, h\u00fcrufi t\u0259riq\u0259tinin banisi F\u0259zlullah N\u0259imiyl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr, ona m\u00fcrid olur v\u0259 sonralar h\u00fcrufi t\u0259limini zirv\u0259y\u0259 qald\u0131ranlardan (\u00f6z\u00fc demi\u015fk\u0259n, “g\u00f6vh\u0259ri lam\u0259kan m\u0259n\u0259m) birin\u0259 \u00e7evrilir. N\u0259siminin h\u0259yata yeni bax\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n, f\u0259ls\u0259fi t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn v\u0259 d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn formala\u015fmas\u0131nda, t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259sinin mahiyy\u0259tin\u0259 varmas\u0131nda, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259, h\u0259yat t\u0259rzinin yeni meyarlarla z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sind\u0259 N\u0259iminin rolu dan\u0131lmazd\u0131r. \u015eair m\u00fc\u0259llimin\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u00f6rm\u0259t b\u0259sl\u0259yir v\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc q\u00fcrurla F\u0259zl \u00f6vlad\u0131 adland\u0131r\u0131b bu qism\u0259tin Allahdan oldu\u011funu bildir\u0259r\u0259k deyirdi:<\/span>

\u00c7\u00fcn N\u0259siminin \u018fb\u00fclf\u0259zl oldu h\u0259qd\u0259n k\u00fcnyat\u0131,<\/span>

C\u00fcmla \u0259sman\u0131n h\u00fcrufi eyn-\u0259lqabind\u0259dir.<\/span>

N\u0259simi f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259sini, onun \u0259qid\u0259 v\u0259 xarakterini d\u0259rk etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n haradan b\u0259hr\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259sini anlamaq olduqca vacibdir. Odur ki, \u015fairin m\u00fcr\u015fidi v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi atas\u0131 olmu\u015f F. N\u0259imi bar\u0259d\u0259 b\u0259zi m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 diqq\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131raq:<\/span>

F\u0259zlullah bin \u018fbu M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d T\u0259brizi (1339- \u0130ran, T\u0259briz, 1401 Qorqan, Culfa, \u018flinc\u0259 qalas\u0131n\u0131n yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131) v\u0259 ya N\u0259imi \u015eah F\u0259zlullah ibn \u0259bu M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Astrabadi (F\u0259zl) sufi \u015eeyxi olub, h\u00fcrufilik t\u0259riq\u0259tinin banisi say\u0131l\u0131r. O, sufi \u015feyxi \u015eiblinin davam\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olmu\u015fdur. XV \u0259sr m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkiri \u018fbd-\u00fcr-R\u0259hman \u015e\u00f6havinin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 h\u00fcrufilik IX \u0259srd\u0259 ya\u015fayan Nizami \u0259bu \u0259l F\u0259zl Astrabadi \u018fc\u0259mi t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yarad\u0131l\u0131b. \u018fslind\u0259 VII-VIII \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f sufi t\u0259liml\u0259rinin bir \u00e7oxunda h\u00fcrufi elementl\u0259rin\u0259 rast g\u0259linir. Bunlar\u0131 h\u00fcrufiliyin yaranma tarixi kimi q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 verm\u0259k d\u00fczg\u00fcn olmazd\u0131. H\u00fcrufilik m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l bir t\u0259riq\u0259t kimi XIV \u0259srd\u0259 F. N\u0259iminin konsepsiyas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131. “H\u00fcruf\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc \u0259r\u0259b dilind\u0259n t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259d\u0259 “h\u0259rfl\u0259r\u201d m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. Bu t\u0259riq\u0259tin da\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 h\u0259rf v\u0259 r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif r\u0259mzi m\u0259nalar verir v\u0259 insan sif\u0259tind\u0259 28 v\u0259 32 r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rini tap\u0131rd\u0131lar. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n:<\/span>

Bist\u00fc-h\u0259\u015ftu sivi dudur ay\u0259ti-nitqi xuda,<\/span>

G\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f\u0259m eyni-\u0259yani m\u0259nd\u0259dir h\u0259qq a\u015fina.<\/span>

Allah nitqinin (Quran\u0131n) ay\u0259l\u0259ri 28 v\u0259 32-d\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir,–dey\u0259n \u015fair, Qurani-K\u0259rimin \u0259r\u0259bin 28 h\u0259rfi \u0259sas\u0131nda oxunmas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 32 h\u0259rf say\u0259sind\u0259 \u015f\u0259rhl\u0259r verilm\u0259sini n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdu.<\/span>

F. N\u0259iminin s\u0259mavi kitablara b\u0259rab\u0259r tutulan “Cavidannam\u0259\u201d kitab\u0131nda Qurani-K\u0259rimin “Allah Ad\u0259m\u0259 h\u0259r \u015feyin ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259tdi\u201d ay\u0259si \u0259sas\u0131nda “Allah Ad\u0259m\u0259 (\u0259.s.) 32, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r\u0259 (\u0259.s.) 28 k\u0259lam\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259tdi\u201d yaz\u0131rd\u0131. \u018fslind\u0259, 32 \u0259ski Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 ya fars \u0259lifbas\u0131nda, 28 is\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b \u0259lifbas\u0131nda olan h\u0259rfl\u0259rin say\u0131d\u0131r. H\u00fcrufil\u0259rin m\u0259ntiqin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n ad\u0131 v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif elml\u0259rin (o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n, Qurani-K\u0259rimin) \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259si bu h\u0259rfl\u0259rin say\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ax\u0131, do\u011frudan da bel\u0259dir. H\u00fcrufiliy\u0259 aid b\u0259zi misallar g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259k:<\/span>

“V\u0259siyy\u0259tnam\u0259\u201dd\u0259 124 min pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r say\u0131 bel\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur:<\/span>
3 x 32 min + 1 x 28 min = 124 min; 3 (od, su, hava)+1 (torpaq) =4 \u00fcns\u00fcr<\/span>
\u018fbc\u0259d hesab\u0131yla, hacib (Qa\u015f): h\u20148 + a (\u0259lif) \u20131+ c \u20133 + b \u20132 = 14 ;<\/span>
V\u0259cd (\u00dcz): v \u20136 + c \u20133 + ha \u20135 = 14 ; 14+14=28 Yaxud,<\/span>

Saqi l\u0259bind\u0259n do\u011fmu\u015fuz y\u0259ni ki, “bey\u201dd\u0259n \u201dlam\u201d il\u0259,<\/span>
Fitr\u0259t g\u00fcn\u00fcnd\u0259n ta \u0259b\u0259d \u015fol day\u0259d\u0259ndir \u015firimiz.<\/span>

\"nesimi\"<\/a>“Bey\u201d h\u0259rfi (\u0259bc\u0259di–2) “lam\u201d (\u0259bc\u0259di–30) il\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015fda “l\u0259b\u201d (dodaq) oxunur. Bunlar\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alsaq bu beytd\u0259,–ey elm paylayan (y\u0259ni, Allah) doda\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Ol! k\u0259lm\u0259sind\u0259n (y\u0259ni, 32 say\u0259sind\u0259) yarand\u0131q, v\u0259 yaran\u0131\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczd\u0259n \u0259b\u0259diyyata q\u0259d\u0259r o day\u0259d\u0259n (y\u0259ni 32-d\u0259n) b\u0259hr\u0259l\u0259n\u0259c\u0259yik (s\u00fcd \u0259m\u0259c\u0259yik),–deyildiyini anlam\u0131\u015f olar\u0131q. Ba\u015fqa bir misalda, insan obraz\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcz gizgil\u0259rind\u0259 “s\u0259b\u00fclm\u0259san\u201d tap\u0131lmas\u0131 (14 ay\u0259t oldu, s\u0259b\u00fclm\u0259san derl\u0259r ona) variant\u0131 verilir. S\u0259b\u00fclm\u0259san Quran k\u0259lam\u0131 olub, qo\u015fa g\u00f6nd\u0259rilmi\u015f ay\u0259l\u0259r m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131maqla, 7 ay\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t t\u0259krar g\u00f6nd\u0259rilmi\u015f “Fatih\u0259\u201d sur\u0259sin\u0259 aiddir. Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 Quran\u0131n “\u018fl-hicr\u201d sur\u0259sinin 87-ci ay\u0259sind\u0259 bel\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131b: “Biz s\u0259n\u0259 t\u0259krarlanan 7 ay\u0259ni v\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259z\u0259m\u0259tli Quran\u0131 verdik\u201d. Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, h\u00fcrufil\u0259rin b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00f6n\u0259m verdiyi “Fatih\u0259\u201d sur\u0259si 7 ay\u0259 v\u0259 28 k\u0259lamdan ibar\u0259tdir.<\/span>

Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, “Cavidannam\u0259\u201dd\u0259 Ad\u0259m k\u0259lm\u0259si 32 d\u0259f\u0259, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d (\u0259.s) k\u0259lm\u0259si 28 d\u0259f\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nmi\u015fdir. Bu kitabda “Allah Ad\u0259mi \u00f6z sif\u0259ti v\u0259 r\u0259hman sur\u0259ti \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 yaratd\u0131\u201d v\u0259 “Ad\u0259min pal\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iki \u0259liml\u0259 qirx sabah yo\u011furdum\u201d h\u0259disl\u0259ri \u0259sas g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259k Ad\u0259m\u0259 (y\u0259ni, insana) olduqca y\u00fcks\u0259k \u00f6n\u0259m verilir. H\u0259qiq\u0259td\u0259 “Allah\u0131n 100 ad\u0131 var\u201d kimi i\u015fl\u0259dil\u0259n ifad\u0259ni qeyri d\u00fczg\u00fcn saymaq olar. Bel\u0259 ki, Allah\u0131n yaln\u0131z bir ad\u0131 var, o da ki, Allahd\u0131r! Qalan 99 is\u0259, Allaha m\u0259xsus \u0259m\u0259l, sif\u0259t, x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tdir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: R\u0259hman – mehriban, R\u0259him – r\u0259himli, R\u0259zzaq – ruzi ver\u0259n, Xaliq – x\u0259lq ed\u0259n, Baqi – \u0259b\u0259di qalan, S\u0259lam- s\u00fclh sev\u0259n, K\u0259rim- s\u0259xav\u0259tli v\u0259 s. Bu x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n Xaliq v\u0259 Baqi insana m\u0259xsus ola bilm\u0259z. Qalan b\u00fct\u00fcn sif\u0259tl\u0259ri m\u00fcxt\u0259lif insanlarda tapmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, h\u00fcrufil\u0259r kamil insan\u0131n “F\u0259na-fillah\u201d s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 ucal\u0131b, Allaha yax\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 “B\u0259qa billah\u201d m\u0259qam\u0131yla ilahi nurlanmaya qovu\u015fub Haqla- haqq olmas\u0131n\u0131 iddia edirdil\u0259r. Bunun t\u0259sdiqi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, “Cavidannam\u0259\u201dd\u0259 “Kim ist\u0259rs\u0259 v\u0259 c\u0259hd ed\u0259rs\u0259, ist\u0259yin\u0259 nail olar\u201d h\u0259disinin h\u00f6km\u00fcn\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq,– Allah o \u015f\u0259xs\u0259 m\u0259na \u015f\u0259rab\u0131ndan saqilik eyl\u0259yib susuzlu\u011funu yat\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131r, – deyilir. Bu \u00f6vliyalar\u0131n qanunudur.<\/span>

Ya\u015fam \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l papaq\u00e7\u0131 pe\u015f\u0259sin\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f N\u0259imini b\u00f6y\u00fck n\u00fcfuz sahibi ed\u0259n, s\u0259mavi kitablarla b\u0259rab\u0259r tutulan “Cavidannam\u0259\u201d il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fc yuxular, onlar\u0131n \u00e7in olmas\u0131 v\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 yuxu yozmaq qabiliyy\u0259ti idi. Onun 6 kitab\u0131ndan (“Cavidannam\u0259\u201d, “Novnam\u0259\u201d, “V\u0259siyy\u0259tnam\u0259\u201d, “M\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259tnam\u0259\u201d, “\u018fr\u015fnam\u0259\u201d v\u0259 “\u0130sk\u0259nd\u0259rnam\u0259\u201d) birinci \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc Bak\u0131da yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Son zamanlar\u0131n ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131 F. N\u0259iminin 1394-c\u00fc ild\u0259 I \u0130brahim t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n edam olunmas\u0131 fikrini s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir. S\u0259b\u0259b olaraq, onun artan n\u00fcfuzunu v\u0259 Toxtam\u0131\u015fla dostluq \u0259laq\u0259sini g\u00f6st\u0259rirl\u0259r. H\u0259min tarixd\u0259 n\u0259 Teymur, n\u0259 d\u0259 Miran \u015fah \u018flinc\u0259 \u0259traf\u0131nda olmam\u0131\u015flar. \u00d6l\u00fcm tarixinin t\u0259hrif olunmas\u0131 v\u0259 Teymuril\u0259rin \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 at\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259 olmu\u015f Qaraqoyunlular\u0131n siyas\u0259ti il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u0259yirl\u0259r.<\/span>

T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf bar\u0259d\u0259: B\u00fct\u00fcn sufil\u0259r kimi N\u0259simi d\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259sinin da\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri idi. T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf terminini ilk d\u0259f\u0259 istifad\u0259 ed\u0259n M\u0259ruf K\u0259rxi olmu\u015fdur. \u018fslind\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf \u0259xlaqd\u0131r, x\u00fcsusi \u0259xlaq normalar\u0131. T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf Tanr\u0131ya qovu\u015fmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn se\u00e7ilmi\u015f yoldur. G\u00fcneyd Ba\u011fdadinin m\u00fcasiri \u015e\u00fcmnun bel\u0259 deyirdi: “T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf maddi olaraq he\u00e7 n\u0259y\u0259 sahib olmamaqd\u0131r v\u0259 he\u00e7 kimin d\u0259 onu \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 qul etm\u0259m\u0259sidir\u201d. M\u0259\u015fhur sufi \u015eeyx \u0130brahim is\u0259 bel\u0259 deyirdi:<\/span>

T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf k\u00fcll\u00fc yaxmaqd\u0131r v\u00fccudun nar\u0131 “La\u201d il\u0259,<\/span>
T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf nuru “\u0130lla\u201d il\u0259 insan olma\u011fa derl\u0259r.<\/span>
T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf m\u0259nd\u0259 olmaqd\u0131r h\u0259qiq\u0259t Haqq, ey \u0130brahim,<\/span>
T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf \u015feri \u018fhm\u0259d dild\u0259 b\u00fcrhan olma\u011fa derl\u0259r.<\/span>

“T\u00fcrk \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 tarixi\u201d kitab\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259llifi \u018fhm\u0259d Kabakl\u0131 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf\u0259 olduqca dol\u011fun bir t\u0259rif vermi\u015fdir: “T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf k\u00f6k\u00fc islamiyy\u0259t\u0259 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259ri\u0259t\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 y\u00fcks\u0259k inam, fikir sistemi v\u0259 ya\u015fama t\u0259rzidir\u201d. H\u0259min kitabda m\u00fc\u0259llifin N\u0259simiy\u0259 verdiyi y\u00fcks\u0259k qiym\u0259t d\u0259 t\u0259qdir\u0259 layiqdir. O bel\u0259 deyirdi: “F\u00fczuli v\u0259 \u015eeyx Qalib d\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf vadisind\u0259 \u00e7ox ir\u0259li getmi\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259ndir, ancaq N\u0259simi q\u0259d\u0259r inancl\u0131, \u00e7\u0131l\u011f\u0131n v\u0259 p\u0259rvas\u0131z bir e\u015fq \u0259ri g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyildir\u201d.<\/span>

Sufizm: Sufil\u0259r \u0130lahi e\u015fq yolunu tutmu\u015f t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259sinin da\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r. Sufiliyin yaranma tarixi VIII \u0259srd\u0259 Z\u00fcnnun \u0259l Misri v\u0259 Abdullah M\u00fchasibi il\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. \u018fslind\u0259 ilk sufi \u018fbu Ha\u015fim \u0259s-Sufi (v. 767, B\u0259sr\u0259) say\u0131l\u0131r. Onun Suriyan\u0131n R\u0259ml \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 indiy\u0259d\u0259k qorunmu\u015f t\u0259ky\u0259si ilk t\u0259ky\u0259 olaraq qalmaqdad\u0131r. Sonradan B\u0259yazid Bistami v\u0259 G\u00fcneyd Ba\u011fdadi il\u0259 davam etdiril\u0259n sufilik yeni meyarlarla z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdirildi. Bel\u0259 ki, B\u0259yazid Bistami z\u00f6hd v\u0259 zahidlik meyarlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u0259tirdi, G\u00fcned Ba\u011fdadi is\u0259, \u018fl-Qazali v\u0259 Muhyiddin Arabi kimi \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcr\u015fid olmaqla Ba\u011fdad sufizminin ustad\u0131 say\u0131ld\u0131. IX \u0259srd\u0259 \u018fl-Qazali t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n k\u0259lam, fiqh (\u015f\u0259ri\u0259t qaydalar\u0131) v\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf birl\u0259\u015fdiril\u0259r\u0259k sufilik sistem hal\u0131na g\u0259tirildi. M\u00fchyiddin Arabi is\u0259 sufilikl\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259ni birl\u0259\u015fdirib f\u0259ls\u0259fi t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf\u00fcn banisi oldu. T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf f\u0259rdi konsepsiyalar \u0259sas\u0131nda inki\u015faf etdiyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, dail\u0259rinin ad\u0131 il\u0259 adland\u0131r\u0131lan m\u00fcxt\u0259lif t\u0259riq\u0259tl\u0259r (m\u00f6vl\u0259vilik, y\u0259s\u0259vilik, b\u0259kta\u015filik, n\u0259q\u015fb\u0259ndiyy\u0259, h\u00fcrufilik v\u0259 s.) yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u018fhm\u0259d Kabakl\u0131 yaz\u0131r ki, bu t\u0259riq\u0259tl\u0259r aras\u0131nda m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259nm\u0259l\u0259r olsa da, t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf\u00fcn ortaq sistemi alt\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259ni \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdirir:<\/span>

1) Varl\u0131qlar\u0131n birliyi (v\u0259hd\u0259ti-vicud). Y\u0259ni yegan\u0259 bir varl\u0131q var, Allah. Qalan h\u0259r \u015fey onun m\u0259zh\u0259ri, onun z\u00fchur etm\u0259 yeri, ondan qopan z\u0259rr\u0259cikdir. Bir s\u00f6zl\u0259 Allah k\u00fclld\u00fcr, qalan h\u0259r \u015fey c\u00fczzd\u00fcr. Bu f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259nin banisi Muhyiddin Arabi olmu\u015fdur. O, “L\u0259 \u0130lah\u0259 \u0130ll\u0259llah\u201d ifad\u0259sin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131q olaraq “La m\u00f6vcuda \u0130ll\u0259llah\u201d deyimini ir\u0259li s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr.<\/span>
N\u0259simi:<\/span>
V\u00fccudin zati m\u00fctl\u0259qdir, m\u0259g\u0259r kim,<\/span>
N\u0259y\u0259 kim baxar is\u0259m anda s\u0259ns\u0259n.<\/span>

dey\u0259r\u0259k, – Allah\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fctl\u0259q bir k\u00f6k (ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c) oldu\u011funu, h\u0259r baxd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda onu g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc, – bildirir.<\/span>

C\u0259lal\u0259ddin Rumi is\u0259 bel\u0259 deyirdi:<\/span>

D\u00fcnyada v\u0259 axir\u0259td\u0259 O var, bir t\u0259k O var,<\/span>
T\u0259k tapd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z O, saxta d\u00fcm varl\u0131qlar,<\/span>
G\u00f6yl\u0259r d\u0259 yalan, g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f d\u0259 ba\u011f, ba\u011f\u00e7a yalan,<\/span>
H\u0259r s\u00f6zd\u0259 h\u0259r anlamda O t\u0259k ger\u00e7\u0259k, O var.<\/span>

2) Allah nurunun t\u0259c\u0259llas\u0131: Y\u0259ni, par\u0131l-par\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259. B\u00fct\u00fcn yarad\u0131lanlarda Allah nurunun par\u0131l-par\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259si m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 verir;<\/span>

N\u0259zmi N\u0259siminin y\u0259qin Allahi nurun \u015f\u0259rhidir,<\/span>
Ol nuru h\u0259r kim bilm\u0259di, h\u0259qd\u0259n n\u0259sibi nar imi\u015f.<\/span>

N\u0259simi poeziyas\u0131n\u0131n (n\u0259zminin) m\u0259qs\u0259di All\u0259h nurunu \u015f\u0259rh etm\u0259kd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir, h\u0259r kim ki, o nurun n\u0259 oldu\u011funu bilmir, Allah t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yeri c\u0259h\u0259nn\u0259mdir, – deyirdi N\u0259simi.<\/span>

3) \u018fyan olan\u0131n sif\u0259t sabitliyi. Y\u0259ni, yegan\u0259 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Allah olmas\u0131 qalan h\u0259r \u015feyin ona nisb\u0259td\u0259 var olmas\u0131 anlam\u0131d\u0131r. Bir s\u00f6zl\u0259 \u0259yan olan\u0131n sif\u0259t sabitliyi b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259nl\u0259rd\u0259 Allah\u0131 g\u00f6r\u0259 bilm\u0259k qabiliyy\u0259tidir;<\/span>

T\u0259alallah, n\u0259 zibasan sifat\u0131n zati yektad\u0131r,<\/span>
Qamu \u0259\u015fya sifat\u0131ndan s\u0259nin ismin m\u00fcs\u0259mmad\u0131r.<\/span>

G\u00f6z\u0259l Allah, n\u0259 q\u0259\u015f\u0259ngs\u0259n sif\u0259tin vahid bir k\u00f6kd\u00fcr (ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131cd\u0131r), b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n sif\u0259tini g\u00f6r\u0259nd\u0259 (bir yarad\u0131c\u0131 kimi) s\u0259nin ad\u0131n hallan\u0131r, – deyilir.<\/span>

4) E\u015fq. T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfd\u0259 e\u015fq dedikd\u0259, – insan ruhunun Tanr\u0131ya qovu\u015fub, onda \u0259rim\u0259 (v\u00fcsal) arzusudur. Buna nail olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn elm yolu il\u0259 kamill\u0259\u015fm\u0259k, n\u0259fsi \u00f6z i\u00e7ind\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcb “f\u0259na-fillah\u201d m\u0259qam\u0131na ucalmaq g\u0259r\u0259kdir. N\u0259fs insan\u0131n ruhuna hakim k\u0259silib onu x\u0259bisliy\u0259, \u015f\u0259hv\u0259t\u0259 (yem\u0259y\u0259, i\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259, qad\u0131na, cinay\u0259t\u0259, qumara \u015f\u0259hv\u0259t v\u0259 s.) s\u00fcr\u00fckl\u0259yir. Kamil insan e\u015fq v\u0259 elm yolu il\u0259 bunu d\u0259rk edir v\u0259 n\u0259fsi \u00f6z i\u00e7ind\u0259 bo\u011fub \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. Allah m\u0259l\u0259k xisl\u0259tli bel\u0259 insan\u0131 m\u00fckafatland\u0131raraq q\u0259lbini nurland\u0131r\u0131r. Bu hal “b\u0259qa-billah\u201d m\u0259qam\u0131 adlan\u0131r. Y\u0259ni, a\u015fiq h\u0259sr\u0259td\u0259n qurtar\u0131b m\u0259\u015fuquna qovu\u015fur. Bu is\u0259 haqla Haqq olmaq, yaxud \u0259n\u0259lh\u0259q m\u0259qam\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span>

Buldu N\u0259simi \u00e7\u00fcn s\u0259ni ney\u00e7\u00fcn “\u0259n\u0259lh\u0259q\u201d dem\u0259sin,<\/span>
Ey bu s\u00f6z\u0259 m\u00fcnkir olan d\u00f6vl\u0259ti dar\u0131n yox imi\u015f.<\/span>

V\u0259 ya:<\/span>

Canda ki e\u015fq olmad\u0131, dild\u0259 x\u0259b\u0259r n\u0259 faid\u0259,<\/span>
G\u00f6zd\u0259 ki, g\u00f6rm\u0259k olmad\u0131, nuru x\u0259b\u0259r n\u0259 faid\u0259.<\/span>

5) \u0130nsan amili. \u0130nsan amili t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfd\u0259 vacib \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rd\u0259ndir. \u00c7\u00fcnki bu f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259ni d\u0259rk edib, da\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ola bil\u0259c\u0259k yegan\u0259 varl\u0131q insand\u0131r;<\/span>

M\u0259nsur kimi gu\u015f\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259r, s\u00f6yl\u0259r “\u0259n\u0259lh\u0259q\u201d,<\/span>
Ol a\u015fiqi sadiq ki, bu meyxan\u0259y\u0259 u\u011frar.<\/span>

Qurani-K\u0259rimd\u0259 insan\u0131n k\u00fcnt\u0259-k\u0259nzin (Allah adlanan gizli x\u0259zin\u0259nin) d\u0259rki \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yarad\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirilir. \u00c7\u00fcnki \u015f\u00fcur, idrak ancaq insana m\u0259xsusdur.<\/span>

6) \u018fxlaq g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259ri. Bu da vacib \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rd\u0259ndir. \u00c7\u00fcnki, e\u015fq yolunu tutan a\u015fiq saf, m\u0259l\u0259k xisl\u0259tli olmaqla m\u0259\u015fuquna (Allaha) layiq oldu\u011funu s\u00fcbut etm\u0259lidir ki, Allah da onun q\u0259lbini nurland\u0131rs\u0131n. “Nur\u201d sur\u0259sinin 35-ci ay\u0259sind\u0259 oxuyuruq: “Allah g\u00f6yl\u0259rin v\u0259 yerin nurudur. O, nur \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 nurdur. Allah dil\u0259diyini \u00f6z nuruna qovu\u015fdurur\u201d.<\/span>

T\u0259riqi h\u0259qqi bil\u0259ndir ver\u0259n mal\u0131n ya\u011fmay\u0259,<\/span>
T\u0259ra\u015f olub n\u0259m\u0259d gey\u0259n dola\u015fmad\u0131 bu sevday\u0259.<\/span>

Haqq\u0131n yolunu bil\u0259nl\u0259r mal h\u0259v\u0259sind\u0259 olmaz, onu talana buraxarlar, y\u0259ni paylayarlar, ham\u0131yla b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u0259rl\u0259r. Mal\u0131 \u0259lind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131qdan (m\u00fcflisl\u0259\u015fm\u0259, o\u011furlanma, yanma, talanma v\u0259 s.) sonra sufiy\u0259 m\u0259xsus \u0259ba geym\u0259kl\u0259 ilahi e\u015fq yolunu tutmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil, – deyilir bu beytd\u0259.<\/span>

N\u0259simi “k\u00fcfr\u201dl\u0259ri bar\u0259d\u0259: N\u0259simi poeziyas\u0131nda t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf mahiyy\u0259tind\u0259n, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259, h\u00fcrufi r\u0259mzl\u0259ril\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131xan b\u0259zi m\u0259qamlar adi dindarlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n anla\u015f\u0131lmaz oldu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259, \u015fair t\u0259qibl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qalm\u0131\u015f, h\u0259tta ruhanil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n dinsiz adland\u0131r\u0131laraq edam olunmu\u015fdur. Onun bu s\u0259pkid\u0259n olan b\u0259zi beytl\u0259rin\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r salaq:<\/span>

G\u0259l “\u0259n\u0259lh\u0259q\u201d sirrini meyxan\u0259v\u00fc meyd\u0259n e\u015fit,<\/span>
Ey d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n inkar\u0259 ney\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcnkiri meyxan\u0259s\u0259n.<\/span>

\u0130lk bax\u0131\u015fda “\u0259n\u0259lh\u0259q\u201d, “mey\u201d v\u0259 \u201dmeyxan\u0259\u201d islam n\u00f6qteyi-n\u0259z\u0259rind\u0259n k\u00fcfr kimi q\u0259bul oluna bil\u0259r. “\u018fn\u0259lh\u0259q\u201d k\u0259lam\u0131 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 X \u0259srd\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131b-yaratm\u0131\u015f fars \u015fairi H\u00fcseyn ibn M\u0259nsur H\u0259llac t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n s\u00f6yl\u0259nilmi\u015fdir. O, Yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u0259rvi\u015f orderind\u0259 (d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259rin c\u0259m oldu\u011fu m\u0259clisd\u0259) meyxan\u0259 s\u00f6yl\u0259y\u0259rk\u0259n b\u0259dah\u0259t\u0259n “\u0259n\u0259lh\u0259q\u201d (haqq m\u0259nd\u0259dir, y\u0259ni ilahi n\u00fcrla nurlanm\u0131\u015fam) s\u00f6yl\u0259mi\u015fdir. “Meyxan\u0259\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn bir m\u0259nas\u0131 \u015f\u0259rab paylanan yer (h\u00fcrufi r\u0259mzi il\u0259, elm paylanan), dig\u0259r m\u0259nas\u0131,–b\u0259dah\u0259t\u0259n deyil\u0259n, Allah\u0131, dini v\u0259 Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259ri v\u0259sf ed\u0259n \u015feir n\u00f6v\u00fcd\u00fcr. Mey, \u015f\u0259rab, m\u0259st olmaq is\u0259, sufil\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn uy\u011fun olaraq elm v\u0259 kamillik anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alsaq beytin \u015f\u0259rhi bel\u0259 olar: G\u0259l ilahi nurlanman\u0131n sirrini bizim elm oca\u011f\u0131nda (d\u0259rvi\u015f orderind\u0259) t\u0259bli\u011f olunan elmd\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259n. Ey bizi q\u0259bul etm\u0259y\u0259n, n\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn elm oca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 (elmimizi) inkar edirs\u0259n.<\/span>

Nec\u0259 gizl\u0259d\u0259yim, m\u0259nd\u0259n s\u0259niy\u00e7\u00fcn,<\/span>
N\u0259y\u0259 kim bax\u0131ram, anda \u0259yansan.<\/span>

S\u0259ni \u00f6z\u00fcmd\u0259n nec\u0259 gizl\u0259d\u0259 bil\u0259r\u0259m ki, n\u0259y\u0259 bax\u0131ramsa onda s\u0259ni g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u0259m,- dey\u0259n \u015fair, varl\u0131qlar\u0131n birliyi f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259saslanaraq k\u00fclld\u0259n (Allahdan) qopmu\u015f h\u0259r z\u0259rr\u0259ciy\u0259 baxanda k\u00fcll\u00fc g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc bildirir. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, \u00e7oxlar\u0131 (bunlar\u0131n i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 mill\u0259timizd\u0259n olan y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u00f6z sahibl\u0259ri d\u0259 vard\u0131r) yanl\u0131\u015f olaraq, N\u0259simini Panteist adland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Panteizm 1705-ci ild\u0259 ingilis C. Toland t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yarad\u0131lan v\u0259 Yaradan\u0131 t\u0259bi\u0259td\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259n, islam \u0259xlaq\u0131na yad olan idiologiyad\u0131r. Bir m\u0259nal\u0131 olaraq N\u0259simi panteist deyil v\u0259 m\u0259n \u00fcr\u0259kl\u0259 dey\u0259rdim ki, \u00f6vliyad\u0131r!<\/span>

Saqiya, g\u00f6zd\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259 c\u00fcreyi-cami-n\u0259cat,<\/span>
K\u0259ndisin buldu N\u0259simi m\u0259sti xummar eyl\u0259di.<\/span>

Ey elm paylayan (Allah), bir qurtumliq nicat cam\u0131n\u0131 (\u015fair Quran\u0131 qeyb al\u0259minin bir qurtumluq hiss\u0259si say\u0131r) g\u00f6zl\u0259rimd\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259, say\u0259sind\u0259 N\u0259simi kamill\u0259\u015fib \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc tapd\u0131,–deyilir.<\/span>

S\u0259fas\u0131z sufiyi g\u00f6r kim, h\u0259ram der dinl\u0259m\u0259z saz\u0131,<\/span>
Ki \u0259hli e\u015fq olan ki\u015fi, n\u0259 q\u0259m girs\u0259 k\u0259lisay\u0259.<\/span>

\u018fqid\u0259c\u0259 saf olmayan sufiy\u0259 bax ki, saz\u0131n haram buyuruldu\u011funu deyib onu dinl\u0259m\u0259z. E\u015fq \u0259hli olan ki\u015finin kils\u0259y\u0259 getm\u0259sind\u0259 n\u0259 q\u0259bah\u0259t var ki?..<\/span>

\u0130lk bax\u0131\u015fda kils\u0259y\u0259 getm\u0259yi t\u0259bli\u011f\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259y\u0259n bu beyt iman\u0131n III, IV \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rin\u0259 (pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rl\u0259rin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na v\u0259 m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s kitablara inand\u0131m) \u0259sas\u0259n s\u00f6yl\u0259nilib. Bel\u0259 ki, \u0130lahi e\u015fq yolunda olan k\u0259sin Allah\u0131n evin\u0259 (m\u0259scid d\u0259, kils\u0259 d\u0259 Allah\u0131n evidir) getm\u0259sind\u0259 n\u0259 q\u0259bah\u0259t ola bil\u0259r ki?..<\/span>

T\u0259sbeh il\u0259 s\u0259ccad\u0259yi bir c\u00fcr\u0259y\u0259 satar,<\/span>
\u015eol sufiyi safi ki, bu peyman\u0259y\u0259 u\u011frar.<\/span>

T\u0259sbeh il\u0259 s\u0259ccad\u0259ni bir qurtumluq elm\u0259 qurban ver\u0259r. O saf sufi ki, h\u0259qiqi e\u015fq m\u00fcnasib\u0259tin\u0259 u\u011fram\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Yaxud:<\/span>

T\u0259sbeh il\u0259 s\u0259ccad\u0259ni \u0259rz etm\u0259 \u0259hli-hal\u0259 ki,<\/span>
“H\u0259bb\u00fcl m\u0259tin\u201di a\u015fiqin \u015fol z\u00fclf\u00fc \u0259nb\u0259rsa imi\u015f.<\/span>

“H\u0259bb\u00fcl m\u0259tin\u201d quran k\u0259lam\u0131 olub “Allaha uzanan m\u00f6hk\u0259m ip\u201d m\u0259nas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Dindarlar namaz\u0131 “h\u0259bb\u00fcl m\u0259tin\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131rlar. N\u0259simi is\u0259 deyir ki, hal \u0259hlin\u0259 (sufiy\u0259) t\u0259sbeh il\u0259 s\u0259ccad\u0259d\u0259n b\u0259hs etm\u0259 onun Allaha uzanan m\u00f6hk\u0259m ipi, qovu\u015fu\u011fa can atd\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u0259nb\u0259r \u0259tri sa\u00e7an \u0259b\u0259diyyat d\u00fcnyas\u0131d\u0131r. M. F\u00fczuli is\u0259 bel\u0259 deyirdi:<\/span>

K\u00f6n\u00fcl, s\u0259ccad\u0259y\u0259 basma ayaq, t\u0259sbeh\u0259 \u0259l vurma,<\/span>
Namaz \u0259hlin\u0259 uyma, onlar il\u0259 durma oturma.<\/span>

Haqq a\u015fiql\u0259ri adi dindarlar\u0131n dil v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259rinin f\u0259rqli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k, onlardan k\u0259nar olma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n F\u00fczuli onlar\u0131n fikirl\u0259rin\u0259 uymama\u011f\u0131 t\u00f6vsiy\u0259 edirdi.<\/span>

\u0130.N\u0259simi yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda K\u0259b\u0259d\u0259n \u00fcz d\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259, z\u00fcnnar\u0131 q\u0259bul etm\u0259 kimi fikirl\u0259r\u0259 tez-tez t\u0259sad\u00fcf olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n:<\/span>

Ol g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f y\u00fczl\u00fc s\u0259n\u0259m \u00e7\u00fcn \u0259rzi-didar eyl\u0259di,<\/span>
G\u00f6rd\u00fc zahid z\u00fclf\u00fcn\u00fc, t\u0259sbehi z\u00fcnnar eyl\u0259di.<\/span>

Allah Quran vasit\u0259sil\u0259 \u0259b\u0259diyyat d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259c\u0259yini v\u0259d etdiyi ham\u0131ya m\u0259lumdur. Z\u00fcnnar xristianl\u0131qda \u0259zab r\u0259mzi olaraq qaba yundan haz\u0131rlan\u0131b bel\u0259 ba\u011flan\u0131lan qur\u015faqd\u0131r. Z\u00fclf is\u0259, sehirli al\u0259m (qeyb al\u0259mi) r\u0259mzi m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alsaq beytin \u015f\u0259rhi bel\u0259 olar: Allah \u0259b\u0259diyyatd\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259c\u0259yini v\u0259d etdiyi v\u0259 \u0259b\u0259diyyat bar\u0259d\u0259 (Quran say\u0259sind\u0259) m\u0259lumatl\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, \u015fair ibad\u0259ti burax\u0131b \u0259zab yolunu se\u00e7diyini bildirir. \u00c7\u00fcnki, Allaha tez qovu\u015fman\u0131n yolu \u0259zabdan ke\u00e7irdi.Bax bu idi haqq a\u015fiql\u0259rinin Allahdan d\u0259rd, q\u0259m, \u0259zab dil\u0259m\u0259sinin s\u0259b\u0259bi.<\/span>

M. F\u00fczuli \u0259b\u0259diyyatda Allah\u0131n g\u00f6run\u0259c\u0259yi v\u0259diyl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 yaz\u0131rd\u0131:<\/span>

M\u0259h\u015f\u0259r g\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6r\u0259m, der\u0259m ol s\u0259rvqam\u0259ti,<\/span>
G\u0259r onda h\u0259m g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259s\u0259, g\u0259l g\u00f6r qiyam\u0259ti.<\/span>

N\u0259simi is\u0259:<\/span>

K\u0259b\u0259d\u0259n d\u00f6nd\u0259rdi y\u00fczin kim ki, g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc,<\/span>
G\u00f6r n\u0259 ger\u00e7\u0259k qibleyi didar\u0259 d\u00f6nd\u0259rmi\u015f y\u00fcz\u00fcn.<\/span>

\u0130lahi nurlanmayla \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6r\u0259nl\u0259r, qibl\u0259d\u0259n \u00fcz d\u00f6nd\u0259rib S\u0259n\u0259 \u00e7evirdil\u0259r, ey Allah, g\u00f6r ki, \u00fczl\u0259rini nec\u0259 bir h\u0259qiqi qibl\u0259gaha \u00e7eviribl\u0259r.<\/span>

Bu kimi misallar ilk bax\u0131\u015fdan N\u0259siminin xristianl\u0131\u011fa meylli olmas\u0131 fikrini s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 \u015f\u0259rait yarad\u0131r. Ancaq, mahiyy\u0259t a\u00e7\u0131qland\u0131qda \u0130slam dini \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259n k\u0259nar he\u00e7 n\u0259 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259lum olur. M\u0259n N\u0259siminin 234 q\u0259z\u0259linin v\u0259 1963 beytinin \u015f\u0259rhini vermi\u015f\u0259m v\u0259 dinimiz\u0259 x\u0259l\u0259l g\u0259tir\u0259c\u0259k bir k\u0259lm\u0259y\u0259 bel\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf etm\u0259mi\u015f\u0259m. \u015eairin poeziyas\u0131nda \u015f\u0259rh yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131qlar\u0131 b\u0259z\u0259n xristianlara, x\u00fcsus\u0259n m\u0259nfur qon\u015fular\u0131m\u0131za imkan verirdi ki, onu \u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 yax\u0131n, yaxud \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcnk\u00fc kimi t\u0259qdim ed\u0259l\u0259r.<\/span>

Bu m\u0259nada, Mir\u0259li Seyidovun “N\u0259simi v\u0259 erm\u0259ni \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131\u201d m\u0259qal\u0259sind\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rilir ki, N\u0259simi ad\u0131 v\u0259 poeziyas\u0131 XVI \u0259srd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq erm\u0259ni xalq\u0131 aras\u0131nda geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131 Orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 N\u0259simi o q\u0259d\u0259r geni\u015f tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131 ki, erm\u0259ni m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri onu xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131yan bir \u015fair kimi qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirirdil\u0259r.<\/span>

Ayd\u0131n m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259dir ki, s\u0259nin olana vaxt\u0131nda sahib \u00e7\u0131xmasan, ona sahib \u00e7\u0131xanlar tap\u0131lacaq. Sonrak\u0131 c\u0259hdl\u0259r is\u0259, b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259rl\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015f\u0259c\u0259k.<\/span>

“\u018fn\u0259lh\u0259q\u201d n\u0259dir: Bir q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fcbahis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olan “\u0259n\u0259lh\u0259q\u201d bar\u0259d\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131qlama ver\u0259k. “\u018fn\u0259lh\u0259q\u201d a\u015fiqin q\u0259lbinin ilahi nurla nurlanmas\u0131n\u0131n, y\u0259ni haqqla-haqq olma\u011f\u0131n dill\u0259 ifad\u0259sidir. Bel\u0259 ki, yem\u0259y\u0259, i\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259, qumara, qad\u0131na, siqara v\u0259 s. b\u00fct\u00fcn pislikl\u0259r\u0259 \u015f\u0259hv\u0259tin s\u0259b\u0259bkar\u0131 n\u0259fsdir. Elm yolu il\u0259 kamill\u0259\u015f\u0259n a\u015fiq bunu d\u0259rk edir v\u0259 n\u0259fsi \u00f6z i\u00e7ind\u0259 bo\u011faraq m\u0259l\u0259ksima olur. “F\u0259na-fillah\u201d adlanan bu m\u0259qama yeti\u015fmi\u015f a\u015fiq Allah t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n m\u00fckafata layiq bilinir v\u0259 q\u0259lbi ilahi nurla nurland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. “B\u0259qa-billah\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu m\u0259qam a\u015fiql\u0259rin arzusunda oldu\u011fu ilahi nurlanma, “\u0259n\u0259lh\u0259q\u201d m\u0259qam\u0131d\u0131r. Adi dindarlar\u0131n anlaya bim\u0259diyi v\u0259 q\u0259bul etm\u0259diyi, insan\u0131n bu d\u00fcnyada Allaha qovu\u015fuq m\u0259qam\u0131 sufil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Quran\u0131n “\u018fn-Nur\u201d sur\u0259sinin 35-ci ay\u0259siyl\u0259 \u0259sasland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bu ay\u0259d\u0259 bel\u0259 deyilir: “Allah g\u00f6yl\u0259rin v\u0259 yerin nurudur. O nur \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259n nurdur. Allah dil\u0259diyini \u00f6z nuruna qovu\u015fdurar\u201d.<\/span>

Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n N\u0259simi H\u0259llac M\u0259nsura h\u0259s\u0259d apararaq yaz\u0131rd\u0131:<\/span>

Dar\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xmaq bu f\u0259na \u0259rs\u0259d\u0259 M\u0259nsur\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259r,<\/span>
Bilm\u0259y\u0259n sirri-\u0259n\u0259lh\u0259qqi o d\u0259vi n\u0259 bil\u00fcr?<\/span>

Bu d\u00fcnyada ilahi nurlanma ucal\u0131\u011f\u0131na qovu\u015fmaq M\u0259nsurun pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb. \u018fn\u0259lh\u0259qqin sirrini anlamayanlar bu iddian\u0131 nec\u0259 anlas\u0131nlar? Sonralar \u015fairin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 bel\u0259 ucal\u0131q qism\u0259t olur v\u0259 o b\u00f6y\u00fck f\u0259xar\u0259tl\u0259 deyirdi:<\/span>

Buldu N\u0259simi \u00e7\u00fcn s\u0259ni ney\u00e7\u00fcn “\u0259n\u0259lh\u0259q\u201d dem\u0259sin,<\/span>
Ey bu s\u00f6z\u0259 m\u00fcnkir olan, d\u00f6vl\u0259ti dar\u0131n yox imi\u015f,<\/span>

yaxud,<\/span>

\u00c7\u00fcnki bildin m\u00f6m\u00fcn\u00fcn q\u0259lbind\u0259 beytullah var,<\/span>
Yen\u0259 t\u0259zim etm\u0259din, ol evd\u0259 kim Allah var?<\/span>

I beytd\u0259 q\u0259lbi ilahi nurlanmaya u\u011frayan N\u0259simi ney\u00e7\u00fcn “Haqq m\u0259nd\u0259dir\u201d dem\u0259yim sual\u0131n\u0131 qoyur v\u0259 ikinci misrada bunu inkar ed\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259tl\u0259 deyir ki, sizin bu ucal\u0131qdan x\u0259b\u0259riniz yox imi\u015f. II beytd\u0259 is\u0259, adi dindardan q\u0259lbin Allah\u0131n evi oldu\u011funu q\u0259bul etdiyi v\u0259 \u015fairin q\u0259lbind\u0259 Allah\u0131n oldu\u011funu (haqla-haqq oldu\u011funu) bildiyi halda, niy\u0259 t\u0259zim etm\u0259diyini soru\u015fur. N\u0259simi \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 yox, Haqla-haqq olmu\u015f m\u0259nin\u0259 t\u0259zim t\u0259l\u0259b edirdi.<\/span>

Onu da qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, N\u0259simi poeziyas\u0131nda, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259, klassik \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131m\u0131zda,- Ya r\u0259b, \u015eaha, \u0130lahi, \u00c7\u0259l\u0259b, K\u00f6n\u00fcl, Ey can, Ey ruh, Ey saqi, \u018ff\u0259ndi, S\u0259n\u0259ma, Nigara, Dilb\u0259ra, \u015e\u0259ha v\u0259 s. Allaha xitab formalar\u0131na \u00e7ox t\u0259sad\u00fcf olunur.<\/span>

\u00c7ox m\u00fcbahis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015f “M\u0259nd\u0259 s\u0131\u011far iki cahan…\u201d ifad\u0259sin\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131qlama g\u0259tir\u0259k. \u00d6vliya s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 ucalm\u0131\u015f N\u0259siminin iman\u0131n V \u015f\u0259rtin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n (val yaumil \u0259xiri) iki d\u00fcnyas\u0131 var idi. \u015eair, “m\u0259nd\u0259 s\u0131\u011far iki cahan\u201d dem\u0259kl\u0259, m\u0259n m\u00fcs\u0259lmanam deyib m\u00f6h\u00fcr vurmu\u015fdur. Bir t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n Allaha daha tez qovu\u015fma\u011fa (\u0259b\u0259diyyata) can atan a\u015fiq, dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n daim t\u0259qibl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn (f\u0259ls\u0259fi fikirl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259) bu d\u00fcnyaya s\u0131\u011fm\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130kinci misrada “g\u00f6vh\u0259ri lam\u0259kan m\u0259n\u0259m\u201d ifad\u0259si yanl\u0131\u015f olaraq “m\u0259n Allaham\u201d kimi \u015f\u0259rh olunur. D\u00fczd\u00fcr, “Lam\u0259kan\u201d Quran k\u0259lam\u0131 olub Allaha aid edil\u0259n “m\u0259kans\u0131z\u201d m\u0259nas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ax\u0131, d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259r d\u0259 lam\u0259kan idil\u0259r. Bu m\u0259nada N\u0259simi, – o d\u0259rvi\u015f ordusunun incil\u0259rind\u0259n biri m\u0259n\u0259m, – deyirdi.<\/span>

\u0130. N\u0259simi \u0259r\u0259b, fars v\u0259 t\u00fcrk (az\u0259rbaycan) dill\u0259rind\u0259 biri-birind\u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l poeziya n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu d\u0259y\u0259ri \u015fairin \u00f6z\u00fc bel\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirirdi:<\/span>

\u018flfazi-N\u0259simi bu g\u00fcn ol m\u00f6c\u00fcz\u0259dir kim,<\/span>
B\u0259nz\u0259r ona bir l\u00f6l\u00f6v\u00fc \u015f\u0259hvar \u0259l\u0259 girm\u0259z.<\/span>

N\u0259simi s\u00f6hb\u0259ti (poeziyas\u0131) bu g\u00fcn el\u0259 bir d\u0259y\u0259rdi ki, ona b\u0259nz\u0259r \u015fahlara layiq ba\u015fqa bir inci tapmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyildir.<\/span>

V\u0259 sonda t\u0259klif edir\u0259m ki, imkanlar\u0131m\u0131z daxilind\u0259, m\u0259n\u0259vi s\u0259rv\u0259timiz olan \u0130. N\u0259simini ara\u015fd\u0131raq, tan\u0131yaq, tan\u0131daq v\u0259 onun say\u0259sind\u0259 bir mill\u0259t olaraq \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n tan\u0131naq.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

xia.az

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131ya 675 d\u0259f\u0259 bax\u0131l\u0131b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u0259r \u015feyd\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259 \u0130mad\u0259ddin N\u0259siminin anadan olmas\u0131n\u0131n 650 illiyi m\u00fcnasib\u0259til\u0259 2019-cu ilin N\u0259simi ili elan edilm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 s\u0259r\u0259ncam verdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 H\u00f6rm\u0259tli Prezidentimiz\u0259 minn\u0259tdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 bildirir\u0259m. N\u0259simi v\u0259 onun kimi \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r mill\u0259timizin m\u0259n\u0259vi s\u0259rv\u0259ti olub, bu mill\u0259tin d\u00fcnyaya tan\u0131d\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn vizit kart\u0131d\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan beyn\u0259lxalq miqyasda \u0259sas\u0259n maddi s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259ri (neft, qaz v\u0259 s.) il\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhurdur. Yax\u015f\u0131 bilirik ki, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12394,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3,21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12393"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12393"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12393\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12395,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12393\/revisions\/12395"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12394"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}