{"id":13986,"date":"2020-05-29T13:24:34","date_gmt":"2020-05-29T08:24:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=13986"},"modified":"2020-05-29T13:24:34","modified_gmt":"2020-05-29T08:24:34","slug":"akif-abbasov-konstantinopolda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=13986","title":{"rendered":"AK\u0130F ABBASOV – KONSTANT\u0130NOPOLDA"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"AKIF<\/a>29 may – \u0130stanbulun f\u0259th olundu\u011fu g\u00fcnd\u00fcr<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u201cF\u0259th\u201d roman\u0131ndan)<\/em><\/p>\n

29 may 1453-c\u00fc il.<\/em> S\u0259h\u0259r saat s\u0259kkiz rad\u0259l\u0259ri.D\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 gedirdi. Bird\u0259n h\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259f\u0259 s\u00fckut \u00e7\u00f6kd\u00fc. \u018flli d\u00f6rd g\u00fcn davam ed\u0259n m\u00fchasir\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 il\u0259 sona yetdi. \u0130ki qit\u0259nin qov\u015fa\u011f\u0131nda, strateji \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli m\u0259kanda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Konstantinopol art\u0131q t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin \u0259lind\u0259 idi.<\/p>\n

Bizans\u0131n m\u00fcqavim\u0259ti q\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 birlikl\u0259ri bir ne\u00e7\u0259 yerd\u0259n \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 daxil oldu. \u00c7\u0259b\u0259 \u018fli b\u0259y – Hali\u00e7 divarlar\u0131n\u0131; Qaraca pa\u015fa – h\u00f6kmdar saray\u0131 b\u00fcrcl\u0259rini; donanma komandiri H\u0259mz\u0259 b\u0259y M\u0259rm\u0259r\u0259 divarlar\u0131n\u0131 yararaq s\u0259r\u0259ncamlar\u0131nda olan d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259rl\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 girdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 ordusu \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 G\u00fcneyd\u0259ki Piy qap\u0131s\u0131na sahibl\u0259ndi.<\/p>\n

O zaman \u015e\u0259rqi Roma imperatorlu\u011funun – Bizans\u0131n y\u00fcz \u0259lli s\u0259kkiz illik tarixin\u0259 son qoyuldu. \u0130mperiya daxilind\u0259 5 milyon,\u00a0 Konstantinopolda iki y\u00fcz min \u0259hali ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131.\u00a0 Bizansda r\u0259smi dil yeddinci \u0259sr\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r lat\u0131n dili, sonradan yunan dili idi. Bizansl\u0131lar xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortodoks (pravoslav) m\u0259zh\u0259bin\u0259 qulluq edirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

\u0130mperiyan\u0131n \u0259razisind\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif tayfalar v\u0259 xalqlar: yunanlar, \u00a0frakiyal\u0131lar, illiriyal\u0131lar, dakiyal\u0131lar, ellinl\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015f Ki\u00e7ik Asiya tayfalar\u0131, Qafqaz xalqlar\u0131, suriyal\u0131lar, k\u0259ldanil\u0259r, q\u0131btil\u0259r ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131lar. Yunanlar hakim m\u00f6vqed\u0259 idil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Bizans m\u00fcst\u0259qil d\u00f6vl\u0259t olaraq IV \u0259srd\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Roma imperiyas\u0131 395-ci ild\u0259 iki hiss\u0259y\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. Q\u0259rbi v\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi Roma imperiyas\u0131 kimi m\u00f6vcud idi. \u015e\u0259rqi Roma imperiyas\u0131 Bizans (Vizantiya<\/em>) kimi tan\u0131nd\u0131, paytaxt\u0131 Konstantinopol oldu.<\/p>\n

Bizans imperiyas\u0131na daxil idi: Balkan yar\u0131madas\u0131, Egey d\u0259niz adalar\u0131, Ki\u00e7ik Asiya v\u0259 Mesopotomiya, C\u0259nubi Qafqaz \u0259razisinin bir hiss\u0259si, Misir, Suriya, F\u0259l\u0259stin. Bizans eyni zamanda Kr\u0131mda, Qara d\u0259nizin Qafqaz sahill\u0259rind\u0259, \u018fr\u0259bistanda, \u015eimali Afrikada da b\u0259zi torpaqlara sahib idi. Bu torpaqlarda Sultan II M\u0259hm\u0259tin g\u00f6z\u00fc vard\u0131. H\u0259min \u0259razil\u0259ri Osmanl\u0131 imperiyas\u0131na qatmaqla babalar\u0131n\u0131n arzular\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259c\u0259kdi.<\/p>\n

\u00d6n Asiya ticar\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zi Bizans\u0131n \u0259razisind\u0259ydi. Bosfor v\u0259 Dardanel bo\u011fazlar\u0131 da Bizansa m\u0259xsusdu. Bu bo\u011fazlar t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259 hava-su kimi laz\u0131md\u0131r. Onlar Aral\u0131q d\u0259nizini Qara d\u0259nizl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirirdi. Konstantinopola Q\u0131z\u0131l k\u00f6rp\u00fc d\u0259 deyirdil\u0259r.\u00a0 \u015e\u0259h\u0259r \u015e\u0259rql\u0259 Q\u0259rb aras\u0131nda q\u0131z\u0131l k\u00f6rp\u00fc idi. Sultan II M\u0259hm\u0259t xan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fc:\u00a0 N\u0259d\u0259n bu q\u0131z\u0131l k\u00f6rp\u00fc bizim olmas\u0131n?<\/p>\n

Konstantinopolun co\u011frafi m\u00f6vqeyi d\u0259 \u00e7ox \u0259lveri\u015fli idi. \u015e\u0259h\u0259r Hindistan v\u0259 \u00c7inl\u0259 ticar\u0259t \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri quraraq xeyli varlan\u0131m\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bizans\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycanla ticar\u0259t \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259 \u00e7ox geni\u015fl\u0259nmi\u015fdi. Xam ip\u0259k Az\u0259rbaycandan Konstantinopoldak\u0131 toxuculuq emalatxanalar\u0131na da\u015f\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

II M\u0259hm\u0259t xan atas\u0131 alt\u0131nc\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 sultan\u0131 II Murad xan\u0131n onunla s\u00f6hb\u0259tl\u0259rini yad\u0131na sald\u0131. Sultan II Murad xan yeri g\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259 o\u011fluna t\u00fcrk h\u00f6kmdarlar\u0131 v\u0259 sultanlar\u0131 Mete, Atilla, Osman qazi, I Murad, \u0130ld\u0131r\u0131m B\u0259yazid, c\u0259nn\u0259tm\u0259kan I M\u0259hm\u0259t \u00c7\u0259l\u0259bi bar\u0259d\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r, Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n b\u0259ylikd\u0259n q\u00fcdr\u0259tli imperatorlu\u011fa nec\u0259, n\u0259yin say\u0259sind\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259ldiyini bir\u0259r-bir\u0259r ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rard\u0131:<\/p>\n

-O\u011flum, bizim imperatorluq d\u00fcnyaya h\u00f6kmran olmal\u0131d\u0131r! N\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r i\u015f g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f\u00fcks\u0259, t\u0259r t\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f\u00fcks\u0259 imperatorlu\u011fun torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r geni\u015fl\u0259ndirmi\u015fiks\u0259 – h\u0259l\u0259 azd\u0131r. Yer \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259 bir vahid imperatorluq olmal\u0131d\u0131r \u2013 Osmanl\u0131 imperatorlu\u011fu! Bir Cahan pad\u015fah\u0131 olmal\u0131, d\u00fcnyan\u0131 o, idar\u0259 etm\u0259lidir.\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00fcrk Sultan\u0131 Cahan pad\u015fah\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r! D\u00fcnyan\u0131n nizam\u0131 pozulub. Bunu qaydaya salmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r. H\u0259, o\u011flum, qar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda h\u0259l\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u0259si \u00e7ox i\u015f var. Bizi \u00e7ox sava\u015flar g\u00f6zl\u0259yir.\u00a0\u00a0 U\u011furlar\u0131m\u0131z v\u0259 inki\u015faf\u0131m\u0131z ox olub \u00e7oxlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zl\u0259rini de\u015fir. D\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n yatmay\u0131b, f\u00fcrs\u0259t g\u00f6zl\u0259yir. Bu f\u00fcrs\u0259ti ona verm\u0259m\u0259liyik! H\u0259l\u0259 bizi Bizansla h\u0259lledici m\u00fcharib\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259yir. Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rimizin v\u0259siyy\u0259tini h\u0259l\u0259 yerin\u0259 yetir\u0259 bilm\u0259mi\u015fik. Bilirs\u0259n h\u0259zr\u0259ti M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r n\u0259 deyib?<\/p>\n

-Bilir\u0259m, h\u00fcnkar\u0131m, x\u0259b\u0259rim var dedikl\u0259rind\u0259n.\u00a0 Bel\u0259 buyurub pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rimiz:\u00a0 “Konstantinopol, \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259, \u00a0bir g\u00fcn f\u0259th olunacaq. O \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri f\u0259th ed\u0259n ordu n\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259l ordu! O \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri f\u0259th ed\u0259n s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259 n\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259l s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259!”<\/p>\n

Sultan II Murad bir anl\u0131\u011fa susdu. N\u0259f\u0259sini d\u0259rib dedi:<\/p>\n

-Biz onun arzular\u0131n\u0131, v\u0259siyy\u0259tini yerin\u0259 yetirm\u0259liyik. Osmanl\u0131lar Konstantinopolu g\u00f6r ne\u00e7\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259 m\u00fchasir\u0259y\u0259 al\u0131b. M\u0259n d\u0259 onu f\u0259th etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131m. F\u0259q\u0259t bacarmad\u0131m. T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 bir bayraq alt\u0131nda birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259liyik! Onda g\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fcz, q\u00fcvv\u0259miz bir\u0259 min artar! He\u00e7 bir q\u00fcvv\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda dayana bilm\u0259z. B\u0259s indi nec\u0259dir? Xa\u00e7l\u0131lar s\u0259lib y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131b. \u0130slam \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 g\u0259lir. Qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na t\u0259kc\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. He\u00e7 olarm\u0131 bu?<\/p>\n

O zaman \u015eahzad\u0259 M\u0259hm\u0259t cavab\u0131nda demi\u015fdi:<\/p>\n

-Olmaz, t\u0259bii ki… M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar bu amans\u0131z, x\u0259bis t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259y\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 birlikd\u0259 dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sonra Sultan II Murad s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 davam etmi\u015fdi:<\/p>\n

-M\u0259n bu g\u00fcn varam, sabah yox! Bu, t\u0259bi\u0259tin\u00a0 qanunudur. Torpaqdan yaranan bir g\u00fcn torpa\u011fa g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u0259lidir. M\u0259nd\u0259n sonra Osmanl\u0131 taxt\u0131nda oturacaqsan. Dedikl\u0259rimi qulaqlar\u0131nda s\u0131r\u011fa el\u0259. Konstantinopolu alsan, Bizans imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 son qoysan, Cahan pad\u015fah\u0131 olacaqsan! Bunu unutma!<\/p>\n

H\u0259zr\u0259ti M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin v\u0259siyy\u0259ti, atas\u0131 Sultan II Murad xan\u0131n arzusu yerin\u0259 yetmi\u015fdi.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Konstantinopol f\u0259th\u00a0 edilmi\u015fdi. \u00a0\u00a0Osmanl\u0131 h\u00f6kmdarlar\u0131n\u0131n he\u00e7 birinin bacarmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir i\u015fin \u00f6hd\u0259sind\u0259n Sultan II M\u0259hm\u0259t g\u0259lmi\u015fdi. O, q\u00fcrur hissi ke\u00e7irdi.<\/p>\n

\u015e\u0259h\u0259r darvazalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sultan II M\u0259hm\u0259t fateh kimi \u201cPad\u015fah at\u0131\u201dn\u0131n belind\u0259 Topqap\u0131 darvazas\u0131ndan \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 girdi. Onu v\u0259ziri-\u0259z\u0259m \u00c7andarl\u0131 X\u0259lil pa\u015fa, v\u0259zirl\u0259r Mahmud pa\u015fa, Sar\u0131ca pa\u015fa v\u0259 \u00a0V\u0259liy\u0259ddin \u018fhm\u0259d pa\u015fa, donanma komandirl\u0259ri \u00c7al\u0131b\u0259yo\u011flu H\u0259mz\u0259 b\u0259y, Za\u011fanos pa\u015fa, \u015eahab\u0259ddin pa\u015fa, Qas\u0131m b\u0259y \u0130sf\u0259ndiyaro\u011fluv\u0259 qo\u015fun komandirl\u0259ri m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t edirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

\u015e\u0259h\u0259r camaat\u0131 z\u0259f\u0259r \u00e7alm\u0131\u015f \u0259sg\u0259r v\u0259 komandirl\u0259rin, s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259l\u0259rin m\u00fct\u0259\u015f\u0259kkil \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259d\u0259 ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 maraqla v\u0259 eyni zamanda qibt\u0259 il\u0259\u00a0 bax\u0131rd\u0131lar. Onlara r\u0259\u011fb\u0259ti olanlar da vard\u0131.\u00a0 Ordu birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda a\u011f at\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259ki bir cavan h\u00f6kmdar – Sultan II M\u0259hm\u0259t, yan\u0131ndak\u0131 da – at\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 v\u00fcqarla oturmu\u015f A\u011f \u015e\u0259ms\u0259ddin idi. A\u011f \u015e\u0259ms\u0259ddinin Sultan oldu\u011funu g\u00fcman ed\u0259nl\u0259r ba\u015f \u0259yib ona g\u00fcl-\u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri uzad\u0131rd\u0131lar. A\u011f \u015e\u0259ms\u0259ddin is\u0259 II M\u0259hm\u0259ti \u0259li il\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k:<\/p>\n

-Sultan\u00a0 odur, g\u00fcll\u0259ri ona verin, – deyirdi.<\/p>\n

Sevinci a\u015f\u0131b-da\u015fan II M\u0259hm\u0259t d\u0259 \u00f6z n\u00f6vb\u0259sind\u0259 A\u011f \u015e\u0259ms\u0259ddin\u0259 i\u015far\u0259 il\u0259 bildirirdi:<\/p>\n

-Bu g\u00fcl-\u00e7i\u00e7\u0259y\u0259 o a\u011fsaqqal layiqdir. Sultan m\u0259n\u0259m, f\u0259q\u0259t bu qalan\u0131n f\u0259thinin m\u0259n\u0259vi atas\u0131 odur!<\/p>\n

Bizansl\u0131lar II M\u0259hm\u0259t\u0259 baxaraq t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcb i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 qal\u0131rd\u0131lar:<\/p>\n

H\u0259min g\u00fcnd\u0259n Sultan M\u0259hm\u0259t art\u0131q\u00a0 Fateh olaraq \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131lma\u011fa ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 qo\u015fun hiss\u0259l\u0259ri\u00a0 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin m\u0259rk\u0259zin\u0259 do\u011fru ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259kd\u0259 idi.\u00a0\u00a0 Bayraqdarlar qala divarlar\u0131na Osmanl\u0131 bayraqlar\u0131 sanc\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Sultan II M\u0259hm\u0259t a\u011f at\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 daxil olark\u0259n \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259\u00a0 tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 verdi:<\/p>\n

-Qazil\u0259rim! Allaha h\u0259md olsun! \u00c7oxlu qanlar t\u00f6k\u00fcls\u0259 d\u0259, \u00e7oxlu qarda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z canlar\u0131n\u0131 tap\u015f\u0131rsalar da \u0259ziyy\u0259timiz h\u0259d\u0259r getm\u0259di! Siz Konstantinopolu f\u0259th etdiniz! \u0130ndi siz \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 gir\u0259c\u0259ksiniz. M\u0259nim sizd\u0259n xahi\u015fim v\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259bim budur: N\u0259bad\u0259 dinc sakinl\u0259r\u0259, m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 toxunas\u0131n\u0131z! Qad\u0131nlara, u\u015faqlara, ah\u0131llara, bir d\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 z\u0259rr\u0259c\u0259 ziyan verm\u0259yin!\u00a0 Yaln\u0131z halal bildiyiniz q\u0259nim\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259l uzad\u0131n!<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Sultan\u0131ninsan h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 b\u0259yannam\u0259sind\u0259n \u00e7ox \u0259vv\u0259l elan etdiyi bu m\u00fcdd\u0259alar\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131\u00a0 tarixinin \u0259n \u015f\u0259r\u0259fli s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n birini t\u0259\u015fkil edir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Lal-dinm\u0259z dayanaraq Sultan II M\u0259hm\u0259ti dinl\u0259y\u0259n Konstantinopol Patriarx\u0131n\u0131n mat\u0131-mutu qurumu\u015fdu. Bel\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259t g\u00f6zl\u0259mirdi. T\u0259slim olmay\u0131b m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n d\u00f6vl\u0259tin, \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin \u0259razisin\u0259 daxil olanda,\u00a0 orada da\u015f\u0131-da\u015f \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 qoymur, \u0259halini q\u0131l\u0131ncdan ke\u00e7irirl\u0259r. Konstantinopol Patriarx\u0131 da bel\u0259 bir h\u0259ngam\u0259nin ba\u015flanaca\u011f\u0131 q\u0259na\u0259tind\u0259 idi. Lakin bunun \u0259ksini e\u015fitdi v\u0259 g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Bu \u0259dal\u0259tli davran\u0131\u015f qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda onun\u00a0 g\u00f6zl\u0259ri ya\u015fard\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 Sultan\u0131na r\u0259\u011fb\u0259ti artd\u0131, onun ayaqlar\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Sultan II M\u0259hm\u0259t \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc ona tutaraq v\u0259 eyni zamanda ba\u015fqalar\u0131 da e\u015fitsin dey\u0259 ucadan s\u0259sl\u0259ndi:<\/p>\n

-Bizim dinimizd\u0259 Allaha s\u0259cd\u0259 ed\u0259r kimi insanlar qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda s\u0259cd\u0259 etm\u0259k g\u00fcnahd\u0131r! Aya\u011fa qalx\u0131n!<\/p>\n

Sultan\u0131n\u00a0\u00a0 g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fi il\u0259 d\u0259rhal Patriarx\u0131n qoluna girib yerd\u0259n qald\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Siz\u0259 v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn xristianlara b\u0259yan edir\u0259m. Sizin b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u00fcquq v\u0259 azadl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131z oldu\u011fu kimi qal\u0131r. Toxunulmazd\u0131r! Bu g\u00fcnd\u0259n h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131za v\u0259 azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za z\u0259rr\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259 yoxdur v\u0259 ola da bilm\u0259z! Patriarxat da\u00a0 Yunan Pravoslav Birliyinin lideri kimi tarix\u0259n qazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn imtiyazlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 saxlay\u0131r!<\/p>\n

Sultan II M\u0259hm\u0259t \u00e7ox d\u00fczg\u00fcn, \u0259dal\u0259tli, demokratik v\u0259 humanist siyas\u0259t yeritdi. M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n xristian d\u00fcnyas\u0131na \u0259dal\u0259tli v\u0259 tolerant m\u00fcnasib\u0259tini t\u0259sdiql\u0259di.<\/p>\n

Sultan\u00a0 at\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Romanosa do\u011fru s\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u0130lk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 Aya Sofya m\u0259b\u0259dind\u0259 oldu. M\u0259b\u0259din qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda s\u0259cd\u0259 q\u0131laraq torpa\u011f\u0131 \u00f6pd\u00fc. \u018fll\u0259rini g\u00f6yl\u0259r\u0259 qald\u0131raraq p\u0259rv\u0259rdigara \u015f\u00fck\u00fcrl\u0259r el\u0259di.Aya\u011fa duranda dedi: \u201cPey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rimiz h\u0259zr\u0259ti M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259din arzusu v\u0259 v\u0259siyy\u0259ti yerin\u0259 yetirildi! \u00c7ox \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr! Konstantinopola sahib olduq!\u201d<\/p>\n

Aya Sofya m\u0259b\u0259din\u0259 xeyli adam s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Onlar\u0131n say\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 min olard\u0131. Qocalar, qad\u0131nlar, u\u015faqlar. A\u011fbir\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259r, a\u011fsaqqallar, qarasaqqallar. Ham\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn, ail\u0259sinin taleyind\u0259n nigaran idi. Sultan diqq\u0259tl\u0259 onlar\u0131 s\u00fczd\u00fc. U\u015faqlar analar\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar, k\u00f6rp\u0259l\u0259r qucaqlarda idi. Kimisinin \u00fcz-g\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 t\u0259la\u015f, qorxu vard\u0131. Kimisi dil a\u00e7\u0131b yalvarmaq c\u0259hdind\u0259 idi. Kimisi \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc q\u00fcrurlu tutub \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lacaq h\u00f6km\u00fc g\u00f6zl\u0259yirdi. A\u00e7\u0131q-ayd\u0131n b\u00fcruz\u0259 verm\u0259k ist\u0259m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, b\u0259zil\u0259rinin bax\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda q\u0259z\u0259b dolu nifr\u0259t gizl\u0259nmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n

Sultan b\u0259zil\u0259rin\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259m\u0259tli insan t\u0259siri ba\u011f\u0131\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131 h\u0259tta. \u00d6z h\u00f6kmdarlar\u0131 XI Konstantin kimi q\u0259z\u0259bli v\u0259 r\u0259hmsiz g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcrd\u00fc. N\u0259 bilm\u0259k olard\u0131? Az sonra m\u0259lum olacaqd\u0131. Sonuncu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259nl\u0259r \u00f6z z\u0259nl\u0259rind\u0259 yan\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 m\u00fchafiz\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rind\u0259n biri kils\u0259nin divar\u0131na s\u00f6yk\u0259n\u0259r\u0259k ayaqlar\u0131n\u0131 aral\u0131 qoyub Sultana qanl\u0131-qanl\u0131 baxan \u015f\u0259h\u0259r sakinin\u0259 yax\u0131nla\u015f\u0131b onun d\u0259rsini verm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nd\u0259 II M\u0259hm\u0259t xan \u0259linin i\u015far\u0259si il\u0259 onu saxlad\u0131. Sultan \u00f6z-\u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc: \u201cBu \u0259dabazl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, saymamazl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 Allah \u00f6z\u00fc onun c\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 ver\u0259r.\u00a0 Sultana ac\u0131ql\u0131 baxmaqdan savay\u0131 o bin\u0259van\u0131n indiki zamanda n\u0259y\u0259 g\u00fcc\u00fc \u00e7atacaqd\u0131?! Az sonra s\u0259hvini ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u0259r\u201d.<\/p>\n

II M\u0259hm\u0259t bizansl\u0131lara m\u00fcraci\u0259tl\u0259 dedi:<\/p>\n

-He\u00e7 kim narahat olmas\u0131n. Bu qocalarla, bu qad\u0131nlarla, bu analarla v\u0259 u\u015faqlarla bizim i\u015fimiz olmayacaq. Siz\u0259 kims\u0259 toxunmayacaq. Amma sizin d\u0259 biziml\u0259 i\u015finiz olmas\u0131n. Biz buraya sizi incitm\u0259y\u0259, haqq\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ayaqlama\u011fa g\u0259lm\u0259mi\u015fik. \u018fvv\u0259lki h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ya\u015faya bil\u0259rsiniz. \u0130ndi is\u0259, \u00e7\u00f6l\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xa, eviniz\u0259\u00a0 ged\u0259 bil\u0259rsiniz.<\/p>\n

Sultana yol verdil\u0259r. Divara s\u00f6yk\u0259n\u0259r\u0259k nifr\u0259t dolu bax\u0131\u015flarla Konstantinopolu z\u0259bt ed\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 baxan ki\u015fi ir\u0259li yeriyib \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc Sultan\u0131n ayaqlar\u0131 alt\u0131na atd\u0131:<\/p>\n

-M\u0259ni \u0259hf edin, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flay\u0131n, \u0259lah\u0259zr\u0259t. Siz m\u0259rh\u0259m\u0259tli, adil h\u00f6kmdars\u0131n\u0131z! M\u0259n el\u0259 bilirdim, bizi \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u0259c\u0259k, evl\u0259rimizi da\u011f\u0131dacaq, u\u015faqlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ata-anas\u0131z qoyacaqs\u0131n\u0131z.\u00a0 \u018fsg\u0259rl\u0259rimiz d\u0259 q\u0131zlar\u0131m\u0131za, arvadlar\u0131m\u0131za sahib olacaq!<\/p>\n

Sultan onu v\u0259 \u0259trafdak\u0131lar\u0131 arxay\u0131n etdi:<\/p>\n

-Bel\u0259 t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcsd\u0259 olanlar\u0131n k\u0259ll\u0259si al\u0131nacaq!<\/p>\n

Sultan \u015f\u0259h\u0259r camaat\u0131n\u0131 \u0259min etdi:<\/p>\n

-Dinc \u0259haliy\u0259 toxunulmayacaq. Siz\u0259, xristianlara \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 qalma\u011fa, \u00f6z ibad\u0259tl\u0259rinizi davam etdirm\u0259y\u0259 izn verilir. F\u0259q\u0259t ata minm\u0259k, silah da\u015f\u0131maq v\u0259 \u0259sg\u0259rlik qada\u011fand\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Konstantinopol t\u0259slim olmam\u0131\u015f,\u00a0 zorla al\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Odur ki, dini h\u00fcquqa g\u00f6r\u0259 qar\u0259t h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259 bil\u0259rdi.\u00a0 <\/strong>D\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259r qar\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

\u015e\u0259h\u0259r \u0259halisi kils\u0259ni t\u0259rk ed\u0259nd\u0259n sonra Sultan yenid\u0259n kils\u0259y\u0259 d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Burada iki r\u00fck\u0259t namaz q\u0131ld\u0131. Daha sonra azan oxudu.\u00a0 Aya\u011fa qalxanda: \u201cBundan sonra taxt\u0131m Konstantinopoldur!\u201d – dedi.<\/p>\n

H\u0259min g\u00fcnd\u0259n q\u0259dim m\u0259b\u0259dgah m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n ibad\u0259t yeri oldu.<\/p>\n

Konstantinopol\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131 imperatorlu\u011funun paxtaxt\u0131\u00a0 elan olundu.<\/p>\n

Aya Sofyada q\u0131l\u0131nan ilk namaz zaman\u0131 imam v\u0259zif\u0259sini G\u00f6yn\u00fckl\u00fc A\u011f \u015e\u0259ms\u0259ddin yerin\u0259 yetirdi.<\/p>\n

Namazdan sonra Sultan\u00a0 elan etdi:<\/p>\n

-Yeni camimiz m\u00fcbar\u0259k! Bundan bel\u0259 Aya Sofya Osmanl\u0131 camisi kimi f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259c\u0259k!<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131ya 488 d\u0259f\u0259 bax\u0131l\u0131b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

29 may – \u0130stanbulun f\u0259th olundu\u011fu g\u00fcnd\u00fcr (\u201cF\u0259th\u201d roman\u0131ndan) 29 may 1453-c\u00fc il. S\u0259h\u0259r saat s\u0259kkiz rad\u0259l\u0259ri.D\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 gedirdi. Bird\u0259n h\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259f\u0259 s\u00fckut \u00e7\u00f6kd\u00fc. \u018flli d\u00f6rd g\u00fcn davam ed\u0259n m\u00fchasir\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 il\u0259 sona yetdi. \u0130ki qit\u0259nin qov\u015fa\u011f\u0131nda, strateji \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli m\u0259kanda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Konstantinopol art\u0131q t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin \u0259lind\u0259 idi. Bizans\u0131n m\u00fcqavim\u0259ti q\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 birlikl\u0259ri bir ne\u00e7\u0259 yerd\u0259n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13987,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[16,3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13986"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13986"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13986\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13988,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13986\/revisions\/13988"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13987"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13986"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13986"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13986"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}