{"id":15737,"date":"2020-07-14T12:13:11","date_gmt":"2020-07-14T07:13:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=15737"},"modified":"2020-07-14T12:13:11","modified_gmt":"2020-07-14T07:13:11","slug":"seyid-%c9%99zim-sirvani-185","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=15737","title":{"rendered":"SEY\u0130D \u018fZ\u0130M \u015e\u0130RVAN\u0130 – 185"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"seyid<\/a>SEYY\u0130DA, \u00d6LM\u018fR\u018fM, AL\u018fMD\u018f S\u018fS\u0130M VAR M\u018fN\u0130M
\nAz\u0259rbaycan pedaqoji fikrinin n\u0259\u011fm\u0259kar \u015fairl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvanidir. G\u0259nc ya\u015flar\u0131ndan pedaqoji f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flayan Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani d\u00fcny\u0259vi elml\u0259ri u\u015faqlara a\u015f\u0131lama\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u0259 hakim etmi\u015fdir. Fasil\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 d\u0259 olsa pedaqoji f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti t\u0259xmin\u0259n 14 il olan Seyid \u018fzimin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cM\u0259clis\u201d adl\u0131 yeni tipli m\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 (1869-1870) k\u00f6hn\u0259 mollaxanalardan f\u0259rqli olaraq d\u00fcny\u0259vi elml\u0259ri, h\u0259m\u00e7inin Az\u0259rbaycan, \u0259r\u0259b v\u0259 fars dill\u0259rini d\u0259 t\u0259dris etmi\u015fdir. T\u0259bii ki, yeni tipli m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 d\u00fcny\u0259vi elml\u0259rin \u00f6yr\u0259dilm\u0259si he\u00e7 d\u0259 dem\u0259y\u0259k ki, ham\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n birm\u0259nal\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Xeyir, yalan\u00e7\u0131, riyakar ruhanil\u0259r v\u0259 din xadiml\u0259ri Seyid \u018fzim\u0259 h\u00fccumlar etmi\u015f, \u201cbudur g\u0259ldi s\u0259fah\u0259tin kani\u201d \u2013 dey\u0259r\u0259k t\u0259hqir et-mi\u015f, onu n\u00fcfuzdan salma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flar. H\u0259yatdan nakam k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259n \u015eirvani is\u0259 ona olunan h\u0259d\u0259-qorxulardan, m\u0259hrumiyy\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kinm\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k faci\u0259 dolu \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn sonuna q\u0259d\u0259r \u00f6z m\u0259qs\u0259di u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259sini davam etdirmi\u015fdir. Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani yalan\u00e7\u0131 \u015f\u0259ri\u0259t xadiml\u0259rinin qada\u011fan etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn yenilikl\u0259ri, qabaqc\u0131l fikirl\u0259ri, yeni m\u0259kt\u0259bi, yeni \u0259lfban\u0131, rus dilini, h\u0259yat\u0131 v\u0259 kainat\u0131 \u0259n do\u011fru \u015f\u0259rh ed\u0259n elml\u0259ri, insan \u0259m\u0259yini asanla\u015fd\u0131ran, h\u0259yat\u0131 g\u00f6z\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n texnikan\u0131 q\u0131z\u011f\u0131n sur\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259bli\u011f etmi\u015fdir. \u00c7\u00fcnki \u015fair d\u00fcnyaya a\u00e7\u0131lan p\u0259nc\u0259rinin t\u0259r\u0259qqisini yeni elmi k\u0259\u015ff v\u0259 ixtiralarda g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b bir yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q yolu ke\u00e7mi\u015fdir. O, q\u0259z\u0259l, q\u0259sid\u0259, m\u0259dhiyy\u0259, minacat, r\u00fcbai, qit\u0259, m\u00fcx\u0259mm\u0259s, m\u00fcs\u0259dd\u0259s, m\u00fcst\u0259zad, t\u0259rcib\u0259nd v\u0259 t\u0259rkib\u0259nd (qo\u015fabeytl\u0259r v\u0259 t\u0259kbeytl\u0259r), h\u0259cv, t\u0259msil, m\u0259nzum hekay\u0259 v\u0259 sair formalarda \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r yazmaqla yana\u015f\u0131, u\u015faqlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u201cR\u0259bi\u00fcl-\u018ftfal\u201d (1877) v\u0259 \u201cTac\u00fcl-K\u00fct\u00fcb\u201d (1883) kimi d\u0259rslikl\u0259r d\u0259 yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. D\u0259rslikl\u0259rd\u0259 olan materiallardan sonralar Aleksandr Osipovi\u00e7 \u00c7ernyayevski d\u0259 \u201cV\u0259t\u0259n dili\u201d d\u0259rsliyind\u0259 istifad\u0259 etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvanini bir s\u0259n\u0259tkar kimi y\u00fcks\u0259ld\u0259n onun \u00f6z d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259ki haqs\u0131zl\u0131qlar\u0131 if\u015fa ed\u0259n, xalq\u0131 maarif\u0259, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ran yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q toplusudur. \u015eair \u201cQafqaz m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131na xitab\u201d \u015feirind\u0259 xalq\u0131 avaml\u0131\u011fa s\u00fcr\u00fckl\u0259y\u0259n yalan\u00e7\u0131 d\u0259rvi\u015f, molla, xaxam, axund v\u0259 m\u0259rsiy\u0259xanlar\u0131n i\u00e7 \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7araq onlar\u0131 realist t\u0259nqid at\u0259\u015fin\u0259 tutmu\u015fdur:<\/p>\n

H\u0259r vilay\u0259td\u0259 var be\u015f-on k\u0259s\u0259b\u0259,<\/p>\n

\u018flli min seyyid\u00fc, axund, t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259,<\/p>\n

\u018flli d\u0259rvi\u015f, \u0259lli m\u0259rsiy\u0259xan,<\/p>\n

Ham\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u0259ri tamam yalan.<\/p>\n

Ham\u0131n\u0131n fikri x\u0259lqi soymaqd\u0131r,<\/p>\n

Quru yerd\u0259 bu x\u0259lqi qoymaqd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Seyid \u018fzim g\u0259nc n\u0259slin t\u0259lim v\u0259 t\u0259rbiy\u0259sini yalan\u00e7\u0131 din sahibl\u0259rin\u0259 tap\u015f\u0131rma\u011f\u0131 cinay\u0259t hesab etmi\u015f, bel\u0259l\u0259rinin cahillik v\u0259 k\u0259msavadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u201cM\u00fcct\u0259hidin t\u0259hsild\u0259n qay\u0131tmas\u0131\u201d, \u201cAlim o\u011ful il\u0259 avam ata\u201d, \u201cM\u00fc\u0259llim haqq\u0131nda t\u0259dbir\u201d v\u0259 s. kimi \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 \u015fidd\u0259tli satira at\u0259\u015fin\u0259 tutmu\u015fdur. O, \u015e\u0259rqin dini m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259hsil alanlar\u0131n v\u0259t\u0259n\u0259 savads\u0131z qay\u0131tmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u201cM\u00fcct\u0259hidin t\u0259hsild\u0259n qay\u0131tmas\u0131\u201d \u015feirind\u0259 \u00fcr\u0259k a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 il\u0259, d\u00f6n\u0259-d\u00f6n\u0259 qeyd edirdi:<\/p>\n

Elmd\u0259n bir \u015fey etm\u0259yib hasil,<\/p>\n

V\u0259t\u0259n\u0259 g\u0259ldi alimi-cahil,<\/p>\n

O zaman ki, v\u0259t\u0259nd\u0259 qaim idi,<\/p>\n

Bin\u0259va bundan art\u0131q alim idi…
\nTutal\u0131m, elm\u0259 olmusan vasil,<\/p>\n

Biz\u0259 bu elmd\u0259n n\u0259dir hasil?<\/p>\n

Hans\u0131 nadan\u0131 alim etdin s\u0259n?<\/p>\n

Hans\u0131 bimar\u0131 salim etdin s\u0259n?<\/p>\n

Seyid \u018fzimin oxucusunun mara\u011f\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olacaq \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 \u201cHac\u0131 v\u0259 Molla\u201d hekay\u0259sidir. Bu hekay\u0259nin m\u0259zmununu m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259r \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259siz ki, bilirl\u0259r. Hac\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ox v\u0259fal\u0131 \u201cBozlar\u201d adl\u0131 iti \u00f6l\u00fcr. Hac\u0131 da itin\u0259 \u00f6z v\u0259fa borcunu yerin\u0259 yetirm\u0259k ist\u0259yir v\u0259 Bozlar\u0131 m\u00fcs\u0259lman qaydas\u0131 q\u00fcsl edib, k\u0259f\u0259nl\u0259yib q\u0259biristanl\u0131qda basd\u0131r\u0131r. Yeddi g\u00fcn yas saxlay\u0131r v\u0259 ehsan verir. Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 mollaya \u00e7atanda molla \u201cGetdi \u0259ld\u0259n \u015f\u0259ri\u0259t\u00fc Quran\u201d, \u201cGetdi \u0259ld\u0259n h\u00f6rm\u0259ti-\u0130slam\u201d \u2013 deyib havar t\u0259pir. At\u0131n\u0131 minib Hac\u0131yla davaya g\u0259lir. Bunu e\u015fid\u0259n Hac\u0131 50 qoyun ay\u0131r\u0131b yol k\u0259nar\u0131nda saxlad\u0131r v\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 t\u0259mt\u0259raqla mollan\u0131n pi\u015fvaz\u0131na \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Mollan\u0131n h\u0259dyan v\u0259 z\u0259h\u0259r dolu ifad\u0259l\u0259r i\u015fl\u0259tm\u0259sin\u0259 imkan verm\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k deyir: Molla, bu d\u00f6vl\u0259timi qazanmaqda Bozlar\u0131n m\u0259n\u0259 \u00e7ox k\u00f6m\u0259kliyi olubdur. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u0259n onun v\u0259siyy\u0259tl\u0259rini yerin\u0259 yetirdim v\u0259 onu bu c\u00fcr basd\u0131rd\u0131m. V\u0259:<\/p>\n

Bir v\u0259siyy\u0259t d\u0259 sizin\u00e7\u00fcn etmi\u015f \u0259z\u0259l.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6yl\u0259yib siz c\u0259nab\u0259 \u0259lli qoyun,<\/p>\n

Demi\u015f\u0259m onlar\u0131 yol \u00fcst\u0259 qoyun.<\/p>\n

Qoyun ad\u0131n e\u015fitdi \u00e7\u00fcn molla,<\/p>\n

Dedi: \u2013 \u018fhs\u0259n bu hal\u0259, nami-xuda!<\/p>\n

\u0130t dem\u0259, ol d\u0259xi bizim birimiz,<\/p>\n

Bel\u0259 \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 f\u0259da dirimiz.<\/p>\n

R\u0259hm\u0259ti-h\u0259qq\u0259 ol d\u00fc\u00e7ar olsun,<\/p>\n

S\u0259gi-\u018fshabi-k\u0259hf\u0259 yar olsun!<\/p>\n

Oxuyub sidq il\u0259 ona yasin,<\/p>\n

\u00d6z\u00fc d\u0259 saxlad\u0131 onun yasin.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, Seyid \u018fzim bu c\u00fcr tamah\u0131na qul olan mollalar\u0131n daxili m\u0259r\u0259zl\u0259rini a\u00e7maqla onlar\u0131 \u00f6z dill\u0259ri il\u0259 g\u00fcl\u00fcnc v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin\u0259 salm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.
\nN\u0259sr g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ri<\/p>\n

Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani \u015feirl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, b\u0259dii n\u0259srl\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015f, bu janr sah\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 bir s\u0131ra maraql\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u015eairin inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 t\u0259svir v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259nn\u00fcm edil\u0259n hekay\u0259l\u0259rinin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti ki\u00e7ik h\u0259cmlidir; ham\u0131s\u0131 vahid bir m\u00f6vzuya \u2013 \u0259xlaqi-m\u0259n\u0259vi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259 h\u0259sr edilmi\u015fdir: ham\u0131s\u0131 bir qayda olaraq, canl\u0131 t\u0259svir v\u0259 ifad\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259, u\u015faq psixologiyas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259n faktlar v\u0259 hadis\u0259l\u0259r \u0259sas\u0131nda qurulmu\u015fdur. M\u00fc\u0259llif m\u0259n\u0259vi bir ata, ustad bir m\u00fc\u0259llim kimi g\u0259ncl\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 u\u015faqlara \u00e7irkin v\u0259rdi\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259n, tamahdan, yalandan, dikba\u015fl\u0131qdan, t\u0259k\u0259bb\u00fcrd\u0259n uzaq olma\u011f\u0131n, h\u0259m\u00e7inin, namusla ya\u015fama\u011f\u0131n, c\u0259miyy\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn faydal\u0131 olma\u011f\u0131n, v\u0259t\u0259n\u0259, xalqa s\u0259daq\u0259tl\u0259 xidm\u0259t etm\u0259yin, dostlu\u011fa m\u00f6hk\u0259m olma\u011f\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n

Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvaninin hekay\u0259l\u0259ri i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 ictimai m\u00f6vzulara h\u0259sr edilmi\u015f, yalan\u00e7\u0131 ruhanil\u0259rin k\u0259l\u0259kbazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, xanlar\u0131n, b\u0259yl\u0259rin z\u00fclm\u00fcn\u00fc, tacirl\u0259rin tamahkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 if\u015fa ed\u0259n, c\u0259hal\u0259t v\u0259 nadanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nifr\u0259tl\u0259 dam\u011falayan, xalqa dostu il\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nini tan\u0131dan \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259 f\u0259al v\u0259 t\u0259nqidi m\u00fcnasib\u0259t yarad\u0131r, onlar\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131r, h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259, f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259, m\u00fcbariz\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259sl\u0259yir. Ancaq \u015fairin n\u0259sri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn xarakterik olan \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r, \u0259vv\u0259ld\u0259 dediyimiz kimi, didaktik-\u0259xlaqi hekay\u0259l\u0259rdir. Bu hekay\u0259l\u0259r biz\u0259 xalq m\u0259s\u0259ll\u0259rini, hikm\u0259tamiz l\u0259tif\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 Molla N\u0259sr\u0259ddin l\u0259tif\u0259l\u0259rini xat\u0131rlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

N\u0259sr \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 \u015fairin canl\u0131 h\u0259yata, real hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259, xalq m\u0259i\u015f\u0259tin\u0259, \u0259m\u0259k adamlar\u0131na daha yax\u0131ndan yana\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131, realizm\u0259 daha ciddi meyl g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyi n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7arp\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvaninin hekay\u0259l\u0259rini oxuyan zaman g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck ki, Seyid \u018fzim h\u0259m d\u0259 xalq pedaqogikas\u0131 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u0259d\u0259biyyat \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259rini m\u0259har\u0259tl\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259yi bacarm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Xalq pedaqogikas\u0131 il\u0259 yax\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131q \u015fairin \u00fcslub v\u0259 dilind\u0259 d\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rir. O, \u00f6z n\u0259sr dilini sad\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k, ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rmaq, dan\u0131\u015f\u0131q dilin\u0259 yax\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rmaq m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 hekay\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 sual-cavablardan, nidalardan, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 xitablardan geni\u015f istifad\u0259 etmi\u015fdir. Onun el\u0259 hekay\u0259l\u0259ri vard\u0131r ki, b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckd\u0259 sual-cavab \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurulmu\u015fdur. Bunlar \u015fair v\u0259 ya yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n dilini konkretl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259kl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, ona bir \u015firinlik, canl\u0131l\u0131q, ah\u0259ngdarl\u0131q vermi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Seyid \u018fzim hekay\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 daha \u00e7ox xalq ifad\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259, el s\u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259, dan\u0131\u015f\u0131q dili \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259rin\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t edir, onlar\u0131n z\u0259nginliyini, ayd\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ah\u0259ngdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 saxlamaq \u015f\u0259rtil\u0259 m\u0259zmununu yarad\u0131c\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 geni\u015fl\u0259ndirir, yeni m\u0259nada i\u015fl\u0259dir.<\/p>\n

Hekay\u0259l\u0259rin bir \u00e7oxunun m\u00f6vzusu xalq na\u011f\u0131llar\u0131ndan, l\u0259tif\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n, yaxud da \u015e\u0259rq klassikl\u0259rinin (\u018fb\u00fclqas\u0131m Firdovsi, Nizami G\u0259nc\u0259vi, \u018fbd\u00fcrr\u0259hman Cami, S\u0259di \u015eirazi v\u0259 b.) v\u0259 rus yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n (Kr\u0131lov v\u0259 Dmitriyev) n\u0259sih\u0259tamiz v\u0259 ibr\u0259tamiz \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, t\u0259rbiy\u0259vi-\u0259xlaqi m\u0259zmunla qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilmi\u015fdir. Bunlar\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti \u00e7ox sad\u0259 bir s\u00fcjet \u0259sas\u0131nda qurulmu\u015fdur. Hadis\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259ld\u0259n ax\u0131ra kimi bir v\u0259 yaxud iki \u015f\u0259xs aras\u0131nda c\u0259r\u0259yan edir. Bunlar\u0131n b\u0259zil\u0259rind\u0259 he\u00e7 s\u00fcjet d\u0259 olmur. M\u00fc\u0259llif bir hadis\u0259d\u0259n v\u0259 ya bir \u015f\u0259xsd\u0259n dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r, dem\u0259k ist\u0259diyi h\u0259kiman\u0259 v\u0259 n\u0259sih\u0259tamiz fikri sad\u0259c\u0259 olaraq onun dili il\u0259 verir.<\/p>\n

Bu hekay\u0259l\u0259rin bir \u00e7oxu satirik, yumoristik xarakter da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Qeyd etdiyimiz kimi, \u015fairin hekay\u0259l\u0259ri \u00e7ox sad\u0259, ayd\u0131n bir dild\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Burada biz \u00e7\u0259tin anla\u015f\u0131lan \u0259r\u0259b-fars s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259, uzun, m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b v\u0259 dola\u015f\u0131q c\u00fcml\u0259y\u0259 rast g\u0259lmirik. Seyid \u018fzim \u00f6z fikrini oxuculara m\u00fcxt\u0259s\u0259r, lakonik bir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. \u015eair n\u0259d\u0259n dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rsa dan\u0131\u015fs\u0131n, hans\u0131 bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 toxunursa-toxunsun, fikirl\u0259rini t\u0259lim-t\u0259rbiy\u0259y\u0259 t\u0259tbiq ed\u0259r\u0259k, b\u00f6y\u00fck bir pedaqoq ustal\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 \u00f6z b\u0259dii niyy\u0259tini a\u00e7a bilir, oxucunun fikrini t\u0259svir obyekti \u0259traf\u0131nda toplay\u0131b d\u0259rind\u0259n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrm\u0259y\u0259, oxudu\u011fundan n\u0259tic\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xarma\u011fa vadar ed\u0259 bilir.<\/p>\n

Buna misal olaraq \u015fairin \u201cSual v\u0259 cavab\u201d hekay\u0259sin\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r salaq. Bu hekay\u0259d\u0259 Seyid \u018fzim, insanlar\u0131n y\u00fcks\u0259k v\u0259 n\u0259cib b\u0259\u015f\u0259ri borcundan \u2013 xalqa v\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259n\u0259 s\u0259daq\u0259tind\u0259n dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bir g\u00fcn \u201cbir cavan bir qoca ki\u015fiy\u0259 rast g\u0259lib sual eyl\u0259di ki, ne\u00e7\u0259 ya\u015f\u0131ndasan?.. Qoca cavab verdi ki, d\u00f6rd ya\u015f\u0131nda. Cavan g\u00fcl\u00fcb dedi: \u2013 Ey baba, n\u0259 deyirs\u0259n, d\u00f6rd ya\u015f\u0131nda ki\u015fi d\u0259 bel\u0259 a\u011fsaqqal olurmu? Qoca dedi: \u2013 B\u0259li, m\u0259nim \u0259zizim, d\u00f6rd ildir ki, \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc v\u0259 h\u0259qiqi olan xalq\u0131m\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131m. Qalan \u0259yyam ki, c\u0259hal\u0259td\u0259 ke\u00e7ibdir, \u00f6m\u00fcr hesab olunmaz\u201d.<\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u0259llif c\u0259hal\u0259t v\u0259 nadanl\u0131qla ke\u00e7\u0259n \u00f6mr\u00fc h\u0259yat hesab etmir. \u0130nsan \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc ancaq o zaman insan saya bil\u0259r ki, d\u00fcnyaya n\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u0259ldiyini, n\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kim oldu\u011funu ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcn, \u00f6z vicdan\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 m\u0259suliyy\u0259t hiss etsin, c\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259, xalqa, v\u0259t\u0259n\u0259 namusla xidm\u0259t etm\u0259yi \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 \u0259n m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s bir v\u0259zif\u0259 says\u0131n. Ancaq xalqa xidm\u0259tl\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259n h\u0259yat\u0131 \u015f\u0259r\u0259fli h\u0259yat adland\u0131rmaq olar. Seyid \u018fzimin bu q\u0131sa sual-cavabla oxucuya yetirm\u0259k ist\u0259diyi \u0259sas fikir bundan ibar\u0259tdir.<\/p>\n

Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda daha \u00e7ox h\u0259yat\u0131n m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 ancaq yeyib-i\u00e7m\u0259kd\u0259, var-d\u00f6vl\u0259t toplamaqda, ey\u015f\u00fc-i\u015fr\u0259td\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259yl\u0259nm\u0259kd\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259n yalan\u00e7\u0131 molla v\u0259 axundlardan, b\u0259y v\u0259 xanlardan, m\u00fclk\u0259dar v\u0259 tacirl\u0259rd\u0259n s\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131r, onlar\u0131n yaramaz \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259z\u0259b v\u0259 nifr\u0259tini g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n

\u201cXan \u0259yl\u0259nir\u201d adl\u0131 hekay\u0259d\u0259 Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani oxucusunu insanl\u0131qdan x\u0259b\u0259ri olmayan q\u0259ddar v\u0259 r\u0259hmsiz Mustafa xan adl\u0131 biri il\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f edir. \u018fm\u0259k\u00e7i k\u0259ndlil\u0259rin hesab\u0131na firavan h\u0259yat s\u00fcr\u0259n, g\u00fcnl\u0259rini kef m\u0259clisl\u0259rind\u0259 ey\u015f\u00fc-i\u015fr\u0259tl\u0259 ke\u00e7ir\u0259n bu xan\u0131n yegan\u0259 \u0259yl\u0259nc\u0259si yeyib-i\u00e7\u0259nd\u0259n sonra avam v\u0259 sad\u0259l\u00f6vh k\u0259ndlil\u0259ri yan\u0131na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131b \u0259l\u0259 salmaqdan, la\u011fa qoymaqdan, onlar\u0131n avaml\u0131\u011f\u0131na, sad\u0259liyin\u0259 q\u0259hq\u0259h\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kib g\u00fclm\u0259kd\u0259n, onlar\u0131 t\u0259hqir edib al\u00e7altmaqdan ibar\u0259tdir.<\/p>\n

Bir g\u00fcn Mustafa xan v\u0259 onun \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131lar yen\u0259 d\u0259 vaxtlar\u0131n\u0131 xo\u015f ke\u00e7irm\u0259k, \u0259yl\u0259nm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 avam bir k\u0259ndlini yanlar\u0131na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131b \u0259l\u0259 salma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131rlar. Xan, k\u0259ndliy\u0259 sual verir ki, Allah ne\u00e7\u0259dir? Dind\u0259n, \u015f\u0259ri\u0259td\u0259n, Allah v\u0259 Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rd\u0259n bix\u0259b\u0259r olan sad\u0259l\u00f6vh k\u0259ndli bu suala cavab verm\u0259kd\u0259 \u00e7ox \u00e7\u0259tinlik \u00e7\u0259kir. Bu zaman xan\u0131n arxas\u0131nda duran nazir, xandan gizli \u0259lini yuxar\u0131ya qald\u0131r\u0131b k\u0259ndliy\u0259 be\u015f barma\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir. K\u0259ndli el\u0259 bilir ki, be\u015f dem\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r v\u0259 he\u00e7 t\u0259r\u0259dd\u00fcd etm\u0259d\u0259n xana: \u2013 Allah be\u015fdir \u2013 deyir. Xan q\u0259hq\u0259h\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kib g\u00fcl\u0259nd\u0259n sonra k\u0259ndlinin \u00fcst\u00fcn\u0259 \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r\u0131r: \u2013 Ay heyvan, n\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rsan, nec\u0259 y\u0259ni Allah be\u015fdir? Qorxudan bo\u011faz\u0131 qurumu\u015f b\u0259db\u0259xt k\u0259ndli, xan\u0131n q\u0259z\u0259bind\u0259n d\u0259h\u015f\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lib dili-doda\u011f\u0131 \u0259s\u0259-\u0259s\u0259 s\u0259hv etdiyini v\u0259 g\u00fcnahkar oldu\u011funu boynuna al\u0131r, t\u0259qsiri is\u0259 xan\u0131n nazirinin boynuna y\u0131x\u0131b yalvara-yalvara deyir: \u201c \u2013 Xan, Allah s\u0259nin nazirn\u0259 b\u0259la versin, m\u0259n on dey\u0259c\u0259kdim, o, be\u015f barma\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yuxar\u0131 tutdu, onun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259n be\u015f dedim. Xan Allah ondur\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u015eair x\u0131rdaca bir dialoqla g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda t\u0259kc\u0259 bir xan\u0131n, bir nazirin deyil, \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, b\u00fct\u00fcn zal\u0131m xanlar\u0131n, nazirl\u0259rin, m\u00fclk\u0259dar v\u0259 b\u0259yl\u0259rin tipik sur\u0259tini canland\u0131rma\u011fa m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259q olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

Seyid \u018fzim Mustafa xan\u0131n z\u00fclmkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 despotizmi, r\u0259hmsizliyi v\u0259 q\u0259ddarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 fonunda, eyni zamanda, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u0259ndlil\u0259r\u0259 olan r\u0259\u011fb\u0259tini gizl\u0259mir. Bunu biz \u015fairin \u201cTal\u0131bxan\u201d hekay\u0259sind\u0259 tam ayd\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck.<\/p>\n

Bu hekay\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259svir olunan k\u0259ndlil\u0259r yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259lki hekay\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ki avam, aciz, m\u00fcti adamlar deyil. Onlar g\u00f6z\u00fca\u00e7\u0131q, diriba\u015f, zir\u0259k v\u0259 c\u0259sar\u0259tli adamlard\u0131r. Bu, k\u0259ndlil\u0259rd\u0259 z\u0259if d\u0259 olsa, h\u0259yata v\u0259 hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259nqidi m\u00fcnasib\u0259t vard\u0131r. Bunlar \u00f6z a\u011falar\u0131ndan \u00fcst\u00fcn olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259rk edirl\u0259r. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 onu a\u00e7\u0131qdan-a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u201cbarmaqlar\u0131na dolay\u0131b\u201d oynad\u0131rlar. Bu c\u00fcr g\u00f6z\u00fca\u00e7\u0131q v\u0259 zir\u0259k k\u0259ndli sur\u0259tl\u0259rinin \u0259n parlaq n\u00fcmun\u0259sin\u0259 biz Seyid \u018fzimin \u201cN\u0259kir v\u0259 M\u00fcnk\u0259r\u201d adl\u0131 hekay\u0259sind\u0259 rast g\u0259lirik.<\/p>\n

Hekay\u0259nin q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131 d\u00fcnya i\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259n bix\u0259b\u0259r, sad\u0259 bir \u00e7oband\u0131r. Buna baxmayaraq o, g\u00f6z\u00fca\u00e7\u0131q, diriba\u015f, c\u0259sar\u0259tli bir adamd\u0131r. Din m\u0259ddahlar\u0131 v\u0259 yalan\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 onun beynini c\u0259h\u0259nn\u0259m \u0259zab\u0131, q\u0259bir sit\u0259mi, N\u0259kir-M\u00fcnk\u0259r divan\u0131 haqq\u0131ndak\u0131 c\u0259f\u0259ngiyyatla doldurub ruh\u0259n v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259n \u015fik\u0259st ed\u0259 bilm\u0259mi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Bir g\u00fcn h\u0259min \u00e7oban\u0131n v\u0259t\u0259ni \u015eamax\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 q\u0259fl\u0259t\u0259n bir adam \u00f6l\u00fcr. Qaranl\u0131q d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcy\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00fc sahibl\u0259ri onu gec\u0259 basd\u0131rmay\u0131b, s\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 saxlama\u011f\u0131 q\u0259rara al\u0131rlar. Ancaq qabaqcadan haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f q\u0259birin gec\u0259 bo\u015f qalmas\u0131n\u0131 din\u0259 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259ri\u0259t\u0259 uy\u011fun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u201cmu\u011fayir\u201d bir i\u015f oldu\u011funu hesab ed\u0259n mollalar \u00f6l\u00fc yiy\u0259l\u0259rini m\u0259cbur edirl\u0259r ki, q\u0259biri bo\u015f qoymas\u0131nlar, bir gec\u0259liy\u0259 bir adam tap\u0131b orada yat\u0131rs\u0131nlar, h\u0259m \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fc, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u00f6zl\u0259rini g\u00fcnaha bat\u0131rmas\u0131nlar.<\/p>\n

\u00d6l\u00fc sahibl\u0259ri uzun axtar\u0131\u015fdan sonra q\u0259biristan yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda qoyun otaran bir \u00e7obana rast g\u0259lir v\u0259 ona on manat verib gec\u0259ni bo\u015f q\u0259bird\u0259 yatma\u011fa raz\u0131 sal\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

\u00c7oban gec\u0259 qoyunlar\u0131n\u0131 rahatlay\u0131b q\u0259biristana g\u0259lir, tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131lan q\u0259biri tap\u0131b he\u00e7 bir \u015feyd\u0259n ehtiyat etm\u0259d\u0259n q\u0259br\u0259 uzan\u0131r, d\u0259y\u0259n\u0259yini d\u0259 yan\u0131na qoyur. \u00c7oban\u0131n he\u00e7 bir z\u0259hm\u0259t \u00e7\u0259km\u0259d\u0259n bir gec\u0259nin i\u00e7ind\u0259 on manat pul qazanmas\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin tamahkar v\u0259 pax\u0131l adamlar\u0131nda h\u0259s\u0259d hissi oyad\u0131r. Onlardan iki n\u0259f\u0259ri bu q\u0259rara g\u0259lir ki, gec\u0259 paltarlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fib N\u0259kir v\u0259 M\u00fcnk\u0259r sif\u0259tind\u0259 q\u0259biristana getsinl\u0259r, \u00e7oban\u0131 qorxudub on manat\u0131 ondan qopars\u0131nlar. Bu m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 onlar gec\u0259 yar\u0131s\u0131 a\u011f k\u0259f\u0259n\u0259 b\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcr, \u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 uzun bir a\u011fac al\u0131r, a\u011fac\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na neftl\u0259 islad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir lopa ke\u00e7irib q\u0259biristana g\u0259lir, lopan\u0131 yand\u0131r\u0131b \u00e7oban\u0131n yatd\u0131\u011f\u0131 q\u0259biri tap\u0131r, biri q\u0259birin ba\u015f t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259, o biri is\u0259 ayaq t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259 dayan\u0131b uca s\u0259sl\u0259 ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131rlar: \u201cBiz N\u0259kir v\u0259 M\u00fcnk\u0259rik, hesab\u0131n\u0131 ver\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u00c7oban q\u0259bird\u0259n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 qald\u0131r\u0131b c\u0259sar\u0259tl\u0259 cavab verir: \u201cM\u0259n \u00f6lm\u0259mi\u015f\u0259m, m\u0259n bir n\u0259f\u0259r \u00e7obanam, m\u0259n\u0259 on manat pul veribl\u0259r ki, m\u0259n bu gec\u0259lik bu q\u0259bird\u0259 yatam; h\u0259l\u0259 \u00f6l\u0259n sabah g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k, gedin, sabah g\u0259lin\u201d. Lotular \u0259ld\u0259 tutduqlar\u0131 lopalar\u0131 silk\u0259l\u0259yib \u00e7obana vurur v\u0259 yen\u0259 deyirl\u0259r: \u201cM\u0259n r\u0259bbik\u0259?\u201d (Allah\u0131n kimdir \u2013 K.C.). \u00c7oban \u00e7ox yalvard\u0131 ki m\u0259n \u00f6lm\u0259mi\u015f\u0259m, qulaq asmay\u0131b \u00e7oban\u0131 lopa il\u0259 vurdular\u201d.<\/p>\n

Yalvar\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n lotulara t\u0259sir etm\u0259diyini g\u00f6r\u0259n v\u0259 onlar\u0131n k\u00f6t\u0259yin\u0259 davam g\u0259tir\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259n \u00e7oban yerind\u0259n s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131b d\u0259y\u0259n\u0259yini qap\u0131r, h\u0259rifl\u0259rin \u00fcst\u00fcn\u0259 at\u0131l\u0131b birinin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 da\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. O biri m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259nin bel\u0259 ciddi \u015f\u0259kil ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcb \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259f qa\u00e7ma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 yetirib meyit olan evin yan\u0131ndak\u0131 xaraba hamama soxulur. \u00c7oban ondan \u0259l \u00e7\u0259km\u0259yib dal\u0131nca d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Hamama \u00e7atanda f\u0259ryad el\u0259yir ki, \u201cay camaat, bir \u00e7\u0131raq g\u0259tirin! \u00c7oban\u0131n s\u0259das\u0131na xalq c\u0259m oldular, g\u00f6rd\u00fcl\u0259r h\u0259min \u00e7oband\u0131r ki, on manat pul al\u0131b q\u0259bird\u0259 yatm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Dedil\u0259r ki, ay \u00e7oban, n\u0259 var?.. Dedi ki, M\u00fcnk\u0259r il\u0259 N\u0259kir s\u0259hv edib m\u0259ni \u00f6l\u0259n bilib, q\u0259biristana g\u0259lib m\u0259nd\u0259n bir para s\u00f6zl\u0259r x\u0259b\u0259r ald\u0131lar. N\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r m\u0259n onlara dedim ki, m\u0259n \u00f6lm\u0259mi\u015f\u0259m, diriy\u0259m, h\u0259l\u0259 meyit sabah g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k, qanmad\u0131lar. \u018fll\u0259rind\u0259 olan k\u00fcrzi-at\u0259\u015fin il\u0259 m\u0259ni vurdular. M\u0259n q\u0259bird\u0259n qalx\u0131b M\u00fcnk\u0259rin k\u0259ll\u0259sind\u0259n bir d\u0259y\u0259n\u0259k vurmu\u015fam, beyni da\u011f\u0131l\u0131b, \u00f6l\u00fcbd\u00fcr. Amma N\u0259kir z\u0259bi-\u015f\u0259stimi g\u00f6r\u00fcb qa\u00e7d\u0131. Onu qova-qova salm\u0131\u015fam bu xarabaya. Allah xatirin\u0259, bir \u00e7\u0131raq g\u0259tirin, \u0259g\u0259r onu da \u00f6ld\u00fcrs\u0259m, d\u0259xi q\u0259bird\u0259 \u00f6l\u0259nl\u0259rimiz rahat yatarlar, M\u00fcnk\u0259r v\u0259 N\u0259kirin \u015f\u0259rind\u0259n s\u0259lam\u0259t olarlar\u201d.<\/p>\n

Camaat \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 \u00e7obana inanm\u0131r, el\u0259 bilirl\u0259r ki, onu qara bas\u0131b. Ert\u0259si g\u00fcn q\u0259biristana g\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259, do\u011frudan da, bir n\u0259f\u0259rin \u00f6ld\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcr, onun v\u0259 yolda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kim oldu\u011funu tan\u0131y\u0131r, gec\u0259 q\u0259biristana n\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u0259ldikl\u0259rinin m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

M\u00f6vzusu canl\u0131 h\u0259yatdan, real hadis\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bu maraql\u0131, ibr\u0259tamiz hekay\u0259d\u0259 Seyid \u018fzim c\u0259sur v\u0259 bacar\u0131ql\u0131 \u00e7oban\u0131 N\u0259kir-M\u00fcnk\u0259r ad\u0131 g\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259 y\u00fcz d\u0259f\u0259 salavat \u00e7evir\u0259n g\u00f6z\u00fc ba\u011fl\u0131, avam c\u0259hal\u0259tp\u0259r\u0259stl\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 qoymu\u015fdur. Xalq\u0131n yoxsul v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259k\u00e7i t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rini t\u0259msil ed\u0259n \u00e7oban, \u0259s\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259rin r\u0259\u011fb\u0259t hissil\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 z\u0259man\u0259d\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259t adamlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u0259r\u0259f v\u0259 l\u0259yaq\u0259tini ucuz tutanlar da Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvaninin t\u0259nqidind\u0259n yay\u0131na bilm\u0259mi\u015fl\u0259r, \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc satira at\u0259\u015fin\u0259 m\u0259ruz qalm\u0131\u015flar. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcbke\u015f ruhanil\u0259r\u0259, k\u00fctbeyin tacirl\u0259r\u0259 nifr\u0259tini yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 \u201c\u015eair v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259tli\u201d hekay\u0259sind\u0259 ifad\u0259 etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Be\u015f-alt\u0131 c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t olan bu hekay\u0259d\u0259 Seyid \u018fzim haz\u0131rcavab bir \u015fairl\u0259 cahil bir tacirin s\u00f6hb\u0259tini q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 al\u0131r: \u201cBir haz\u0131rcavab olan \u015fair bir t\u0259vang\u0259rin yan\u0131na g\u0259ldi. El\u0259 yavuq oturdu ki, \u015fair il\u0259 t\u0259vang\u0259rin aras\u0131nda bir v\u0259c\u0259b (qar\u0131\u015f) yer qald\u0131. T\u0259vang\u0259r bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n b\u0259rh\u0259m oldu, qa\u015f-qaba\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u00f6k\u00fcb, \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc tur\u015fudub \u015fair\u0259 dedi ki, s\u0259nin il\u0259 e\u015f\u015f\u0259k aras\u0131nda n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r m\u0259saf\u0259 var? \u015eair dedi ki, bir qar\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

T\u0259vang\u0259r \u015f\u0259rmnak oldu\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u018fziz oxucu! \u015eairin hekay\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 b\u0259z\u0259n \u201ctavang\u0259r\u201d, \u201cg\u00fcrzi-at\u0259\u015fin\u201d, \u201cm\u0259\u011fzi-s\u0259r\u201d v\u0259 sair\u0259 kimi q\u0259liz s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 rast g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259ksiniz. Ancaq bel\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259ri \u015fair, \u0259vv\u0259la, seyr\u0259k hallarda i\u015fl\u0259dir, sonra is\u0259 el\u0259 t\u0259rkib daxilind\u0259 verir ki, oxucu onlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0259tinlik \u00e7\u0259km\u0259d\u0259n ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Do\u011frudur, Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani n\u0259srind\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fcn ictimai c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n vacib v\u0259 t\u0259xir\u0259sal\u0131nmaz m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri qoyulmur, yeni v\u0259 m\u00fcasir probleml\u0259r ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fcr. Ancaq \u015fair \u00f6z yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti il\u0259 n\u0259sr janr\u0131n\u0131 yenid\u0259n canland\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, m\u00f6vcud n\u0259sr \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus bir yolla davam etdir\u0259r\u0259k onun g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k inki\u015faf\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcvafiq z\u0259min haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.
\nT\u0259msil v\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259l\u0259ri
\nSeyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani, eyni zamanda, t\u0259msil v\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 ustad\u0131d\u0131r. Onun t\u0259msill\u0259rinin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti \u015feirl\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Ancaq \u015fairin t\u0259msill\u0259ri i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 biz n\u0259srl\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edirik. Bunlar\u0131n say\u0131 \u00e7ox deyildir. Biz\u0259 \u015fairin yeddi m\u0259nsur t\u0259msili m\u0259lumdur.<\/p>\n

Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvaninin t\u0259msill\u0259ri u\u015faqlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Satirik \u015feirl\u0259rind\u0259, m\u0259nzum hekay\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi, burada da \u015fair t\u0259rbiy\u0259vi-didaktik fikirl\u0259r ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcr, g\u0259nc n\u0259sli m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi ideyalarla ya\u015fama\u011fa \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r. Yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 k\u0259skin satirik bir dild\u0259 hiyl\u0259g\u0259rliyi, riyakarl\u0131\u011f\u0131, pax\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131, yalan\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 amans\u0131z sur\u0259td\u0259 pisl\u0259yir, t\u0259nqid edir v\u0259 bel\u0259 yaramaz \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259ri u\u015faqlardan v\u0259 ya g\u0259ncl\u0259rd\u0259n uzaqda saxlama\u011f\u0131 n\u0259sih\u0259t edir.<\/p>\n

Seyid \u018fzimin n\u0259srl\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u0259msill\u0259ri d\u0259 onun hekay\u0259l\u0259ri kimi q\u0131sa v\u0259 y\u0131\u011fcamd\u0131r. 40 ya\u015f\u0131nda rus dilini \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flayan Seyid \u018fzim \u0130.A.Kr\u0131lov kimi t\u0259msil\u0259 \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 t\u0259rbiy\u0259 n\u00f6vl\u0259rind\u0259n biri kimi baxm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Kr\u0131lovdan do\u011fruluq, say\u0131ql\u0131q, v\u0259t\u0259np\u0259rv\u0259rlik, i\u015fg\u00fczarl\u0131q v\u0259 ba\u015fqa bu kimi n\u0259cib \u0259xlaqi sif\u0259tl\u0259r t\u0259rbiy\u0259 ed\u0259n t\u0259msill\u0259r Seyid \u018fzimin t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Kr\u0131lovun \u201c\u015eir v\u0259 si\u00e7an\u201d t\u0259msilini \u015fair \u201cAy\u0131 v\u0259 si\u00e7an\u201d ad\u0131 il\u0259 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

\u015eair t\u0259msilin \u0259sas ruhunu oxuculara \u00e7atd\u0131rmaq m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dilin\u0259 m\u0259xsus ifad\u0259 formalar\u0131ndan, atalar s\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n bacar\u0131qla istifad\u0259 etmi\u015fdir. XIX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan pedaqoji-psixoloji fikir tarixind\u0259 Kr\u0131lovun t\u0259msill\u0259rind\u0259n edil\u0259n t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259l\u0259r i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 Seyid \u018fzimin t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259si \u00f6z b\u0259diiliyi, m\u0259na dol\u011funlu\u011fu, dilinin s\u0259lisliyi il\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131ndan f\u0259rql\u0259nir. Seyid \u018fzim yeni m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259rdib etdiyi d\u0259rslikl\u0259rd\u0259 Kr\u0131lov v\u0259 Dmitriyevin t\u0259msill\u0259rind\u0259n n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259r vermi\u015f v\u0259 bel\u0259likl\u0259, bir \u00e7ox \u015fagirdl\u0259ri kimi Mirz\u0259 \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r Sabiri v\u0259 Sultan M\u0259cid Q\u0259nizad\u0259ni d\u0259 rus yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani h\u0259r bir t\u0259msilinin n\u0259tic\u0259 hiss\u0259sind\u0259 \u00fcmum oxucu k\u00fctl\u0259sin\u0259 avam v\u0259 nadan qalmama\u011f\u0131, m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir pe\u015f\u0259y\u0259 sahib olma\u011f\u0131, i\u015fg\u00fczarl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u015f\u0259r adamlardan uzaq g\u0259zm\u0259yi, yax\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 n\u0259cib adamlarla dostluq-yolda\u015fl\u0131q etm\u0259yi, ba\u015fqa xalqlar\u0131n, x\u00fcsus\u0259n rus dilini \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259yi m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t g\u00f6r\u00fcr. \u201cQaz v\u0259 durna\u201d adl\u0131 t\u0259msilind\u0259 is\u0259 g\u0259ncl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259sl\u0259nir v\u0259 onlara \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259c\u0259yi h\u0259r bir \u015feyi kamil \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259yi m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t v\u0259 n\u0259sih\u0259t edir:<\/p>\n

Qaz utand\u0131 o g\u00f6ld\u0259 durnad\u0259n,<\/p>\n

Vaqif ol, ey o\u011ful, bu m\u0259nad\u0259n<\/p>\n

Y\u0259ni bir elm\u0259 daim ol talib.<\/p>\n

Ki\u015fi bir s\u0259n\u0259ti bil\u0259r xalis,<\/p>\n

\u00c7oxuna meyl ed\u0259n qalar naqis.<\/p>\n

Qeyd etdiyimiz kimi, z\u0259man\u0259sind\u0259 yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259y\u0259n, \u0259zab v\u0259 \u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qalan istedadl\u0131 \u015fair b\u0259dbinliy\u0259 qap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Seyid \u018fzim bir \u015fair-v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f kimi b\u00fct\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 do\u011fma xalq\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olmu\u015fdur. Xalq\u0131n\u0131n ruhu, hiss v\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259l\u0259ri \u015fairin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rinin qan\u0131na, can\u0131na hopmu\u015fdur. Seyid \u018fzim \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u201cq\u0259lb\u0259 qida, \u00e7e\u015fm\u0259 ziya\u201d olan \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ril\u0259 bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 aram\u0131zda ya\u015fay\u0131r v\u0259 xalq\u0131n m\u0259d\u0259ni s\u0259viyy\u0259sinin inki\u015faf\u0131na mane olan m\u00f6vhumat \u0259leyhin\u0259 apard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259 biz\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k edir. Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k n\u0259sill\u0259rin onun yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259rini qabaqcadan hiss etmi\u015f, duymu\u015f v\u0259 yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r:<\/p>\n

Ol zaman kim, bu d\u00f6vreyi-\u0259flak,<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcb eyl\u0259y\u0259r v\u00fccudimi xak.<\/p>\n

Oxuyanlar h\u0259qiri yad ed\u0259l\u0259r,<\/p>\n

Ruhumu q\u0259br evind\u0259 \u015fad ed\u0259l\u0259r.<\/p>\n

G\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k al\u0259m\u0259 \u00e7ox \u0259hli-m\u0259zaq,<\/p>\n

Olacaqlar v\u00fccuduma m\u00fc\u015ftaq…<\/p>\n

Ey g\u0259l\u0259n ruzigar\u0259 n\u00f6vr\u0259sl\u0259r,<\/p>\n

Qa\u015flar\u0131 q\u0259vst\u0259k m\u00fcq\u0259vv\u0259sl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Sizl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259rb\u0259s\u0259r s\u0259lam\u0131m var,<\/p>\n

Olmasam da \u00f6z\u00fcm, k\u0259lam\u0131m var.<\/p>\n

Oxuyun \u015feirimi, q\u0131l\u0131n yad\u0131m,<\/p>\n

\u015ead olsun bu ruhi-na\u015fad\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n vur\u011funu olan g\u00f6rk\u0259mli t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131 alim Xeyrulla M\u0259mm\u0259dov yaz\u0131rd\u0131 ki: \u201c\u018fziz oxucular! Ehtiram \u0259lam\u0259ti olaraq b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015fairin v\u0259siyy\u0259tin\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l edib, \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini oxuyun. Bu sizin kamill\u0259\u015fm\u0259yiniz\u0259, \u0259qli v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fm\u0259yiniz\u0259 yax\u0131ndan k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259r\u201d. Bu g\u00fcn tam \u0259minlikl\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259rav\u0259tini itirm\u0259mi\u015f v\u0259 \u00f6z \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini saxlamaqda olan maarifp\u0259rv\u0259r \u015fair-pedaqoq Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvaninin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri geni\u015f oxucu k\u00fctl\u0259sinin stol\u00fcst\u00fc kitab\u0131d\u0131r. Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani t\u0259rbiy\u0259vi-didaktik \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259, dem\u0259k olar ki, t\u0259rbiy\u0259nin v\u0259 t\u0259limin b\u00fct\u00fcn sah\u0259l\u0259rini i\u015fl\u0259mi\u015f v\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259xlaqi ideyalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6t\u00fcr-qoy ed\u0259r\u0259k t\u0259kmil pedaqoji bir sistem yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sonda qeyd ed\u0259k ki, d\u0259rin v\u0259 geni\u015f biliy\u0259 malik Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani \u015e\u0259rq aristotel\u00e7iliyinin tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259sidir. Seyid \u018fzim yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 boyu \u0259qlin v\u0259 idrak\u0131n q\u00fcvv\u0259sin\u0259 inanm\u0131\u015f, c\u0259hal\u0259t\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259nqidi m\u00fcnasib\u0259tini r\u0259ngb\u0259r\u0259ng yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q m\u0259har\u0259til\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259nn\u00fcm etmi\u015fdir. Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani hikm\u0259tli, n\u0259sih\u0259tamiz v\u0259 m\u0259lah\u0259tli \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 cahanda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 \u00f6lm\u0259z, \u0259b\u0259di abid\u0259 ucaltm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Nec\u0259 ki, \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259l demi\u015fdir:<\/p>\n

M\u00f6vti-cismani il\u0259 sanma m\u0259nim \u00f6lm\u0259yimi,<\/p>\n

Seyyida, \u00f6lm\u0259r\u0259m, al\u0259md\u0259 s\u0259sim var m\u0259nim.
\n\"20200512_103901\"<\/a>Kamal Camalov<\/p>\n

Nax\u00e7\u0131van M\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259r \u0130nstitutunun dosenti<\/p>\n

Pedaqogika \u00fczr\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 doktoru<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n \u018fm\u0259kdar m\u00fc\u0259llimi<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar Birliyinin \u00fczv\u00fc<\/p>\n

kamal.camalov@gmail.com
\n <\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131ya 713 d\u0259f\u0259 bax\u0131l\u0131b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

SEYY\u0130DA, \u00d6LM\u018fR\u018fM, AL\u018fMD\u018f S\u018fS\u0130M VAR M\u018fN\u0130M Az\u0259rbaycan pedaqoji fikrinin n\u0259\u011fm\u0259kar \u015fairl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvanidir. G\u0259nc ya\u015flar\u0131ndan pedaqoji f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flayan Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani d\u00fcny\u0259vi elml\u0259ri u\u015faqlara a\u015f\u0131lama\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u0259 hakim etmi\u015fdir. Fasil\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 d\u0259 olsa pedaqoji f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti t\u0259xmin\u0259n 14 il olan Seyid \u018fzimin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cM\u0259clis\u201d adl\u0131 yeni tipli m\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 (1869-1870) k\u00f6hn\u0259 mollaxanalardan f\u0259rqli olaraq d\u00fcny\u0259vi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[16,17,3,21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15737"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15737"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15737\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15739,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15737\/revisions\/15739"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15737"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15737"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15737"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}