{"id":18191,"date":"2022-07-19T12:40:10","date_gmt":"2022-07-19T08:40:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=18191"},"modified":"2022-07-19T12:40:10","modified_gmt":"2022-07-19T08:40:10","slug":"durru-yekta-t%c9%99k-inci-kimi-taninan-xursidbanu-nat%c9%99van","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=18191","title":{"rendered":"\u201cD\u00dcRR\u00dc YEKTA\u201d (T\u018fK \u0130NC\u0130) K\u0130M\u0130 TANINAN XUR\u015e\u0130DBANU NAT\u018fVAN"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"nat\u0259van\"<\/a>Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Prezidenti c\u0259nab \u0130lham \u018fliyev Qaraba\u011f xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sonuncu varisi say\u0131lan, z\u0259rif lirizmin yarad\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, xalqa m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259t ruhunu xeyriyy\u0259\u00e7ilik f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti il\u0259 uzla\u015fd\u0131ran, \u015eu\u015fa \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin abadl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259v\u0259zolunmaz i\u015fl\u0259r g\u00f6r\u0259n Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van\u0131n anadan olmas\u0131n\u0131n 190 illiyinin ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 14 mart 2022-ci ild\u0259 S\u0259r\u0259ncam imzalam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Xarakter d\u0259rketm\u0259 n\u00f6qteyi-n\u0259z\u0259rind\u0259n b\u0259d\u0259nin v\u0259 \u00fcz\u00fcn qurulu\u015fu, d\u0259rinin v\u0259 t\u00fck\u00fcn r\u0259ngi, geyim v\u0259 s. kimi xarici-fiziki \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259r, h\u0259m\u00e7inin adam\u0131n ifa etdiyi v\u0259zif\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fc haqq\u0131ndak\u0131 r\u0259yi \u0259sas ola bilm\u0259z. Bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daxili-m\u0259n\u0259vi \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri diqq\u0259tl\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nib n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 almaq vacibdir. Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van \u2013 V\u0259t\u0259n a\u015fiqi, Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van \u2013 \u015fair, Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van \u2013 f\u0259dakar, qay\u011f\u0131ke\u015f ana, Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van \u2013 s\u0259n\u0259tkar, Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van \u2013 r\u0259ssam, Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van \u2013 xeyriyy\u0259\u00e7i v\u0259 s. Bu m\u0259nada, Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van \u015e\u0259rq al\u0259mind\u0259 ilk qad\u0131n \u015fair\u0259dir ki, 1960-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da heyk\u0259li, 1982-ci ild\u0259 is\u0259 ulu \u00f6nd\u0259r Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 \u015eu\u015fada b\u00fcst\u00fc ucald\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Z\u0259man\u0259sinin qabaqc\u0131l ziyal\u0131s\u0131, maarif\u00e7isi say\u0131lan Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van XIX \u0259srd\u0259 n\u0259inki Qaraba\u011fda v\u0259 ya Az\u0259rbaycanda, onun h\u00fcdudlar\u0131ndan k\u0259narda da sad\u0259 v\u0259 s\u0259mimi lirik \u015feirl\u0259ri il\u0259 pedaqoji fikrin inki\u015faf\u0131 tarixini z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015f, h\u0259m\u00e7inin biri-birind\u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l r\u0259sm v\u0259 qiym\u0259tli s\u0259n\u0259t n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259, xeyriyy\u0259\u00e7i i\u015fl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 \u00f6lm\u0259z abid\u0259 ucaltm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van\u0131n lirik \u015feirl\u0259rind\u0259 el\u0259 bir x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259r vard\u0131r ki, bu x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259r onun yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131n \u015feirl\u0259rind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259ndirir, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131td\u0131r\u0131r. Bu kimi x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259t\u0259 x\u00fcsusi obrazla ifad\u0259 verm\u0259k ist\u0259s\u0259k onu, ancaq sad\u0259lik adland\u0131ra bil\u0259rik.<\/p>\n

Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van \u00f6z hiss v\u0259 fikirl\u0259rini, \u015feirl\u0259rinin leytmotivini t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n ictimai m\u0259nan\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ql\u0131, sad\u0259 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ifad\u0259 etm\u0259yi bacard\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onun \u015feirl\u0259rind\u0259ki forma sad\u0259liyi m\u0259nan\u0131n g\u00f6z\u0259lliyini q\u00fcvv\u0259tl\u0259ndirir. Bu g\u00f6z\u0259llikd\u0259n d\u0259 \u015feirin yaln\u0131z formas\u0131 deyil, h\u0259m\u00e7inin ideya m\u0259zmununa aid olan \u00fcmumi x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259t \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van\u0131n \u015feirl\u0259rin\u0259 hopan bu g\u00f6z\u0259llik xalq pedaqogikas\u0131ndan, islami d\u0259y\u0259r v\u0259 prinsipl\u0259rind\u0259n, Nizami, F\u00fczuli, Cami, Vaqif kimi v\u0259 dig\u0259r klassik poeziya n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n g\u0259lmi\u015fdir des\u0259k he\u00e7 d\u0259 yan\u0131lmar\u0131q. Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van bu kimi b\u00f6y\u00fck korifeyl\u0259rin inc\u0259 lirik \u015feirl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u00f6z b\u0259dii z\u00f6vq\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

H\u0259yat\u0131, insanlar\u0131n daxili al\u0259mini, f\u0259aliyy\u0259t v\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259sinin b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bliyi il\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn, dol\u011fun \u0259ks etdir\u0259n realist yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tin psixologiyas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn z\u0259ngin m\u0259nb\u0259dir. Bu bax\u0131mdan Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 x\u00fcsusil\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tlidir. \u018flb\u0259td\u0259, bel\u0259 bir fikir s\u0259hv olard\u0131 ki, s\u0259n\u0259tkar psixologiyan\u0131, onun \u0259sas m\u00fcdd\u0259alar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nmi\u015f v\u0259 onlar\u0131 yeri g\u0259ldikc\u0259 \u00f6z yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda t\u0259tbiq etmi\u015fdir. Pedaqoji-psixoloji bilik \u015fairin insanlar\u0131 d\u0259rind\u0259n v\u0259 d\u0259qiq m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 edib toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 faktlar\u0131 t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr s\u00fczg\u0259cind\u0259n ke\u00e7irm\u0259kl\u0259, \u00fcmumil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259l\u0259r vasit\u0259sil\u0259 unudulmaz xarakterl\u0259r yaratmas\u0131na m\u00fcsb\u0259t t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259, he\u00e7 vaxt yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q istedad\u0131n\u0131 \u0259v\u0259z ed\u0259 bilm\u0259z. Y\u00fcks\u0259k istedad v\u0259 g\u0259rgin yarad\u0131c\u0131 \u0259m\u0259k m\u0259hsulu olan realist \u0259s\u0259r pedaqojipsixologiyan\u0131n m\u00fcdd\u0259alar\u0131na uy\u011fun g\u0259lir, onlar\u0131 t\u0259sdiq v\u0259 t\u0259sbib edir. Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van\u0131n z\u0259ngin irsini bu c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259ndikd\u0259 orada ciddi elmi \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 malik material tap\u0131r\u0131q. Bu b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015fairimizi, h\u0259m d\u0259 s\u00f6z\u00fcn geni\u015f m\u0259nas\u0131nda, psixoloq adland\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259sas verir.<\/p>\n

XIX-XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rinin ictimai-siyasi bax\u0131\u015flar\u0131na n\u0259z\u0259r salan zaman g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck ki, n\u0259inki qad\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fcquq, qad\u0131n\u0131n yaz\u0131b-oxumas\u0131, qad\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n dil\u0259 g\u0259tirilm\u0259si b\u00f6y\u00fck f\u0259lak\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259rdi. B\u00f6y\u00fck demokrat C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fcn ac\u0131 h\u0259qiq\u0259tl\u0259rinin t\u0259svirini sad\u0259 v\u0259 anla\u015f\u0131ql\u0131 dill\u0259 bel\u0259 ifad\u0259 edir: \u201cQad\u0131n l\u0259fzi islam al\u0259mind\u0259 indiy\u0259d\u0259k bir \u201cod\u201d olubdur ki, ona \u0259l vurmaq, bar\u0131ta \u0259l vurmaq kimi x\u0259tal\u0131 hesab olunubdur. \u0130slam\u0131n \u015f\u0259ri\u0259ti, nec\u0259 ki, m\u0259lumdur, qad\u0131n\u0131 ki\u015fil\u0259r\u0259 nam\u0259hr\u0259m tutubdur v\u0259 bu qanunu pozmaq g\u00fcnahi-k\u0259bir\u0259 (b\u00f6y\u00fck g\u00fcnah \u2013 K.C.) q\u0259bilind\u0259n say\u0131l\u0131bd\u0131r. M\u00fcrur il\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 daha da b\u0259rkiyibdir, ta o yer\u0259 kimi ki, qad\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc a\u011f\u0131za al\u0131b dan\u0131\u015fmaq bilm\u0259rr\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259\u011f\u0259n olunubdur… Bu qanunu pozanlar m\u00fcs\u0259lman i\u00e7ind\u0259 \u201cyoldan azm\u0131\u015f\u201d, \u201cbiqeyr\u0259t\u201d ad\u0131 il\u0259 \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259t tapm\u0131\u015flar v\u0259 h\u0259min \u201cqeyr\u0259t\u201d \u00fcst\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman qarda\u015flar o q\u0259d\u0259r \u201cqeyr\u0259t\u201d g\u00f6st\u0259ribl\u0259r ki, bir-birinin qan\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131r olublar v\u0259 i\u00e7ibl\u0259r d\u0259… Onun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 cahil islam \u015fairl\u0259ri d\u00fcnyan\u0131n c\u0259mi b\u0259db\u0259xtlikl\u0259rini qad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn\u0259 y\u0131x\u0131blar: \u201cViran \u015f\u00fcd\u0259n m\u00fclki-S\u00fcleyman \u0259z z\u0259n\u201d.<\/p>\n

El aras\u0131nda \u201cXan q\u0131z\u0131\u201d, sarayda is\u0259 \u201cD\u00fcrr\u00fc yekta\u201d (t\u0259k inci) kimi tan\u0131nan Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van \u201cislam car\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131\u201d say\u0131lan klerikallar v\u0259 ya yalan\u00e7\u0131 din adamlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259sir imkanlar\u0131na m\u0259h\u0259l qoymayaraq a\u015fiqan\u0259 hissl\u0259rd\u0259 ictimai m\u0259na da\u015f\u0131yan \u015feirl\u0259r yazm\u0131\u015f, r\u0259sm \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015f v\u0259 musiqid\u0259n h\u0259zz alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Naqis bax\u0131\u015flara baxmayaraq \u201cM\u0259clisi-\u00fcns\u201d adl\u0131 \u015feir m\u0259clisind\u0259 \u00f6z \u015feirl\u0259rini, q\u0259z\u0259ll\u0259rini uca s\u0259sl\u0259, avazla oxumu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

\u015euri-e\u015fqin ba\u015f\u0131ma ax\u0131r\u0131 s\u00f6vda g\u0259tirir,<\/p>\n

Bu m\u00fc\u015f\u0259xx\u0259sdi ki, e\u015fq a\u015fiq\u0259 qov\u011fa g\u0259tirir.
\n…G\u00fcl \u00fcz\u00fcn g\u00f6rm\u0259k \u0259g\u0259r m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olayd\u0131 bir d\u0259m,<\/p>\n

H\u0259r zaman g\u00f6rm\u0259k onu nuri-m\u00fcc\u0259lla g\u0259tirir.
\n…Sidqi-q\u0259lb il\u0259 nisar etmi\u015f idin can n\u0259qdin,<\/p>\n

Nat\u0259van, m\u00fcjd\u0259 bu g\u00fcn, q\u0259tlin\u0259 f\u0259rma g\u0259tirir.<\/p>\n

Yaxud:<\/p>\n

Hicran il\u0259 kim, d\u0259m\u0259ni-q\u0259m d\u0259str\u0259simdir,<\/p>\n

\u015ead\u0259m ki, x\u0259yal\u0131n, g\u00f6z\u0259lim, h\u0259mn\u0259f\u0259simdir.
\n\u2026G\u00f6rm\u0259k \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc qay\u0259ti-h\u0259r fikr\u00fc x\u0259yal\u0131m,<\/p>\n

\u00d6pm\u0259k aya\u011f\u0131n, mayeyi-\u015f\u00f6vq\u00fc h\u0259v\u0259simdir.
\nXur\u015fid\u0259 yet\u0259r ba\u015f\u0131m \u0259g\u0259r, \u00e7ak\u0259rin olsam,<\/p>\n

Bu r\u00fctb\u0259 il\u0259 al\u0259m \u0259ra f\u0259xr b\u0259simdir.<\/p>\n

Yaxud da:<\/p>\n

E\u015fq sultan\u0131 m\u0259nim q\u0259tlim\u0259 f\u0259rman g\u0259tirib,<\/p>\n

Etm\u0259dim t\u0259rki-v\u0259fa, ta\u0259ti-f\u0259rman etdim.
\n\u2026Ya t\u0259bib, ad\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259rk eyl\u0259, t\u0259bab\u0259t etm\u0259!<\/p>\n

Ya m\u0259nim d\u0259rdimi tap, g\u00f6r niy\u0259 t\u00fc\u011fyan etdim?!
\nYoxdu bir kims\u0259 m\u0259g\u0259r d\u0259rdimi bilsin, Ya R\u0259b!<\/p>\n

Ki, m\u0259n \u00f6z qan\u0131m il\u0259 d\u0259rdim\u0259 d\u0259rman etdim.<\/p>\n

Nat\u0259van\u015f\u00fcnas B\u0259yl\u0259r M\u0259mm\u0259dovun s\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 des\u0259k Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van bu kimi q\u0259z\u0259ll\u0259r yazark\u0259n \u201co zamank\u0131 \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 qad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259tini izhar etm\u0259sinin nec\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131lanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yax\u015f\u0131 bilirdi\u201d. \u201cDes\u0259m \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u0259rl\u0259r, dem\u0259s\u0259m \u00f6ll\u0259m\u201d aforizm deyi\u015find\u0259n baxsaq, \u0259g\u0259r \u201cz\u0259man\u0259sinin m\u00f6hn\u0259t\u00fc-m\u0259lal\u0131ndan sin\u0259da\u011fl\u0131 lal\u0259\u201d olmu\u015f Nat\u0259vana yazmaq n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u00e7\u0259tin idis\u0259, yazmamaq da bir o q\u0259d\u0259r qeyri-m\u00fcmk\u00fcn idi. Qeyd etdiyimiz kimi dilinin sad\u0259liyi, q\u0259z\u0259ll\u0259rinin orijinall\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 \u00f6z m\u00fcasirl\u0259rind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259n\u0259n Nat\u0259van\u0131n h\u0259r bir \u015feiri Qaraba\u011f, \u015eirvan, Bak\u0131, \u015e\u0259ki, Nax\u00e7\u0131van (Ordubad) \u015fairl\u0259rinin q\u0259lbini dill\u0259ndirmi\u015f, onlar\u0131n m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259t tell\u0259rini ehtizasa g\u0259tirmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van\u0131n poetik misralar v\u0259 ya s\u00f6hb\u0259t aras\u0131nda dediyi hikm\u0259tli k\u0259lamlar, m\u00fcdrik s\u00f6zl\u0259r vard\u0131r ki, bunlardan b\u0259zil\u0259ri bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 xalq aras\u0131nda aforizm kimi s\u0259sl\u0259nm\u0259kd\u0259dir. O\u011flu Mehdiqulu xan m\u0259zuniyy\u0259t\u0259 \u015eu\u015faya g\u0259l\u0259rk\u0259n, anas\u0131 boynuna sar\u0131l\u0131b, q\u0259dd-qam\u0259tini ox\u015fayaraq kontrastl\u0131 ifad\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 o\u011flunu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 kimi v\u0259sf etmi\u015fdir:<\/p>\n

F\u0259da o qam\u0259tin\u0259 kim, q\u0259za n\u0259 xo\u015f \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015f,<\/p>\n

Q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00fck\u00fcb belimi, eyl\u0259yib k\u0259man, \u00f6l\u00fcr\u0259m!<\/p>\n

M\u0259zuniyy\u0259ti bitdiyi zaman \u015eu\u015fadan qay\u0131danda is\u0259:<\/p>\n

N\u0259 b\u00f6yl\u0259 v\u0259slin olayd\u0131, n\u0259 d\u0259 \u00f6yl\u0259 hicran\u0131n \u2013 demi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Xalq aras\u0131nda bel\u0259 bir m\u0259s\u0259l var: \u201cOlan oldu, torba da doldu\u201d. Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van o\u011flu Mir Abbas\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti il\u0259 ba\u015fsa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, t\u0259s\u0259lli ver\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 \u201c\u00d6ld\u00fc b\u00fclb\u00fcl, soldu g\u00fcl \u2013 ist\u0259r a\u011fla, ist\u0259r g\u00fcl!\u201d s\u00f6zl\u0259ri deyil\u0259n m\u0259s\u0259lin \u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l poetik variant\u0131 s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 qald\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Qeyd etdiyimiz kimi Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van\u0131n \u015feirl\u0259rind\u0259ki d\u0259rin m\u0259na, t\u0259rav\u0259t, \u00fcslub ayd\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 s\u0259mimilik o q\u0259d\u0259r g\u00fccl\u00fc olmu\u015fdur ki, \u015feirl\u0259ri el aras\u0131nda \u0259ld\u0259n-\u0259l\u0259 \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259k yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ma\u011farlarda ke\u00e7iril\u0259n toy \u015f\u0259nlikl\u0259rind\u0259, m\u0259clisl\u0259rd\u0259 xan\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259r q\u0259z\u0259ll\u0259rini mahur, \u015fur, t\u0259snif mu\u011famlar\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 oxumu\u015f, h\u0259m\u00e7inin \u015feir v\u0259 q\u0259z\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7oxlu n\u0259zir\u0259l\u0259r yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

N\u0259 m\u0259n olayd\u0131m, \u0130lahi, n\u0259 d\u0259 bu al\u0259m olayd\u0131!<\/p>\n

N\u0259 d\u0259 bu al\u0259m \u0259ra dil m\u00fcq\u0259yy\u0259di-q\u0259m olayd\u0131!<\/p>\n

H\u0259m\u00e7inin,<\/p>\n

Var\u0131md\u0131 sin\u0259md\u0259 d\u0259rd\u00fc q\u0259mi-n\u0259han, \u00f6l\u00fcr\u0259m,<\/p>\n

F\u0259da olum s\u0259n\u0259, g\u0259l eyl\u0259 imt\u0259han, \u00f6l\u00fcr\u0259m.<\/p>\n

\u2013 misras\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u015flanan q\u0259z\u0259ll\u0259r biz\u0259 onu dem\u0259y\u0259 \u0259sas verir ki, bu q\u0259z\u0259ll\u0259rd\u0259n<\/p>\n

g\u00f6rk\u0259mli pedaqoq-alim H\u00fcseyn Cavid v\u0259 h\u0259m\u00e7inin pedaqoq-alim, musiqi\u015f\u00fcnas \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259yov da \u00e7ox t\u0259sirl\u0259nmi\u015fl\u0259r. H\u00fcseyn Cavidin \u201c\u015eeyx S\u0259nan\u201d faci\u0259sind\u0259ki ikinci kor \u0259r\u0259bin:<\/p>\n

N\u0259 e\u015fq olayd\u0131, n\u0259 a\u015fiq, n\u0259 nazl\u0131 af\u0259t olayd\u0131,<\/p>\n

N\u0259 x\u0259lq olayd\u0131, n\u0259 xaliq, n\u0259 \u0259\u015fki-h\u0259sr\u0259t olayd\u0131<\/p>\n

\u2013 s\u00f6zl\u0259ri aras\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u0259na ox\u015farl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 ya m\u0259na yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0259r bir oxucunun n\u0259z\u0259r diqq\u0259tini c\u0259lb edir. \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259yov da \u201cLeyli v\u0259 M\u0259cnun\u201d adl\u0131 operas\u0131nda Leylinin \u00f6l\u00fcm an\u0131nda dediyi \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcr\u0259m\u201d q\u0259z\u0259lini M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d F\u00fczulinin q\u0259z\u0259li il\u0259 deyil, Nat\u0259van\u0131n q\u0259z\u0259linin dili il\u0259 verm\u0259si fikirl\u0259rimiz\u0259 \u0259yani s\u00fcbutdur. T\u0259bii ki, operada F\u00fczuli \u0259s\u0259rinin ruhu il\u0259 Nat\u0259van q\u0259z\u0259ll\u0259rinin ruhundak\u0131, ah\u0259ngind\u0259ki xallar biri-birini tamamlay\u0131r. Yeri g\u0259lmi\u015fk\u0259n, buradan bir ha\u015fiy\u0259 d\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xaraq qeyd ed\u0259k ki, \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259yov 1896-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Qori Seminariyas\u0131nda t\u0259hsil alma\u011fa ged\u0259rk\u0259n Xan q\u0131z\u0131ndan xeyir-dua alma\u011fa g\u0259lmi\u015f, Xan q\u0131z\u0131 da m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Quran kitab\u0131ndan ay\u0259l\u0259r oxuyaraq \u00dczeyir b\u0259y\u0259 xeyir-dua vermi\u015fdir. Bu da onu dem\u0259y\u0259 \u0259sas verir ki, \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259yov sonralar Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u0259rind\u0259n b\u0259l\u0259d olmu\u015fdur. Xalq r\u0259ssam\u0131 Mikay\u0131l Abdullayevin \u201cXeyir-dua\u201d adl\u0131 g\u00f6z\u0259l s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259rinin repreduksiyas\u0131 bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259yovun ev muzeyind\u0259 qorunub saxlan\u0131lmaqdad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van\u0131n xeyriyy\u0259 dolu i\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259n \u201cT\u0259rc\u00fcman\u201d, \u201cQafqaz\u201d, \u201cKaspi\u201d v\u0259 s. kimi q\u0259zetl\u0259r d\u0259 geni\u015f b\u0259hs etmi\u015fl\u0259r. H\u0259l\u0259 1856-c\u0131 ild\u0259 \u201cQafqaz\u201d q\u0259zeti 44-c\u00fc n\u00f6mr\u0259sind\u0259 Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van\u0131n anas\u0131 B\u0259dircahan B\u0259yimin xeyriyy\u0259\u00e7i bir qad\u0131n olmas\u0131ndan yaz\u0131r. Oxuyuruq ki, B\u0259dircahan B\u0259yim \u015eamax\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131lan \u201cM\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Nina\u201d q\u0131z m\u0259kt\u0259bin\u0259 1.000 manat ian\u0259 vermi\u015fdir. Bu da \u00fcmumilikd\u0259 bu ail\u0259nin m\u0259d\u0259ni h\u0259yatdak\u0131 maarif\u00e7i xidm\u0259tind\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r verir.<\/p>\n

1897-ci ilin 42-44-c\u00fc n\u00f6mr\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u201cT\u0259rc\u00fcman\u201d q\u0259zeti Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van\u0131n \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259ti v\u0259 xidm\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 geni\u015f b\u0259hs etmi\u015fdir: \u201cXur\u015fid banu xan\u0131m xan zaman\u0131nda do\u011fulub Rusiya zaman\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f bir v\u00fccud idi. \u0130ki zaman\u0131n ara yerind\u0259 qalm\u0131\u015f xan\u0131m \u0259hval\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir t\u0259rz m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t qurub etiqadad v\u0259 adati-milliy\u0259sini m\u00fchafiz\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r z\u0259mani-c\u0259didin iqtizas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259rdi… M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n maarifin\u0259 d\u0259xi h\u0259miyy\u0259ti v\u0259 m\u00fcavin\u0259ti az deyil idi. Qaraba\u011f\u0131n rus v\u0259 milli m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 \u015fagirdl\u0259r\u0259 ian\u0259si \u00e7ox idi\u201d. Kr\u0131mda \u00e7\u0131xan \u201cT\u0259rc\u00fcman\u201d q\u0259zetinin yazd\u0131qlar\u0131ndan m\u0259lum olur ki, \u201celm\u00fc m\u0259rif\u0259t sahib\u0259si\u201d Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van m\u00fcasir m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f, z\u0259man\u0259sinin d\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc qabaqc\u0131l adamlar\u0131 il\u0259 bir s\u0131rada getmi\u015fdir. Bir daha g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, Nat\u0259van t\u0259kc\u0259 inc\u0259 t\u0259bli \u015feirl\u0259ri il\u0259 deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn qabaqc\u0131l meyll\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olmas\u0131, maarifp\u0259rv\u0259rliyi, xeyirxahl\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u0259xav\u0259tliyi, a\u00e7\u0131q qap\u0131s\u0131 v\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259tli n\u00fcfuzu say\u0259sind\u0259 \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259t qazanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1872-ci ild\u0259 alt\u0131 kilometrlik m\u0259saf\u0259d\u0259n \u015eu\u015faya ilk su k\u0259m\u0259ri \u00e7\u0259kdirmi\u015fdir. H\u0259min su k\u0259m\u0259ri indi d\u0259 \u201cXan q\u0131z\u0131 bula\u011f\u0131\u201d adlan\u0131r. Araz \u00e7ay\u0131ndan A\u011fcab\u0259diy\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r su arx\u0131, Bak\u0131dan \u015e\u0131x k\u0259ndin\u0259 yol \u00e7\u0259kdirmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van onlarla g\u0259ncin m\u0259d\u0259ni \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259hsilini davam etdirm\u0259sin\u0259 maddi yard\u0131m g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259kl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, Qaraba\u011f\u0131n bir \u00e7ox tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f b\u0259y v\u0259 \u015fairl\u0259rinin d\u0259 o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Qas\u0131m B\u0259y Zakirin, Molla \u0130brahim Qaraba\u011finin, Mirz\u0259 \u018fl\u0259sg\u0259r N\u00f6vr\u0259sin v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259rinin maddi ehtiyac ke\u00e7irdiyi vaxtlarda onlara k\u00f6m\u0259k \u0259lini uzatm\u0131\u015f, maddi yard\u0131m g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir. Qas\u0131m B\u0259y Zakir Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van\u0131n insaniyy\u0259t v\u0259 insansev\u0259rliyini y\u00fcks\u0259k d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ndir\u0259r\u0259k Nat\u0259van\u0131n t\u0259m\u0259nnas\u0131z etdiyi yax\u015f\u0131l\u0131qlar\u0131 ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259y\u0259ni verdiyi \u00e7\u00f6r\u0259k kor ed\u0259r, z\u0259lil ed\u0259r deyir.<\/p>\n

\u015eik\u0259st\u0259 Zakir\u0259 veribsiz \u0259m\u0259k,<\/p>\n

\u018fm\u0259k bilm\u0259y\u0259ni kor etsin n\u0259m\u0259k,<\/p>\n

Nec\u0259 ki, baqidir h\u0259yat\u0131, g\u0259r\u0259k<\/p>\n

Unutmaya xeyir-duadan s\u0259ni.<\/p>\n

Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van Qaraba\u011fda at\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 \u00e7ox m\u00fch\u00fcm i\u015fl\u0259r g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr. M\u0259\u015fhur cins atlar\u0131 il\u0259 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ilx\u0131s\u0131 n\u0259inki Az\u0259rbaycanda, 1867-ci ild\u0259 Parisd\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00fcmumd\u00fcnya s\u0259rgisind\u0259, 1869-cu ild\u0259 Moskvada k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 s\u0259rgisind\u0259, 1882-ci ild\u0259 is\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirilmi\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259r bir yar\u0131\u015fmada da birinci yeri tutaraq q\u0131z\u0131l medallar, f\u0259xri f\u0259rmanlar qazanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Qaraba\u011fda yaranan at zavoduna iyirmiy\u0259 yax\u0131n g\u00f6z\u0259l madyan at\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 dill\u0259rd\u0259 g\u0259z\u0259n \u201cCeyran\u201d adl\u0131 ay\u011f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 zavoda ba\u011f\u0131\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Qeyd etdik ki, Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van bir r\u0259ssam kimi t\u0259sviri v\u0259 t\u0259tbiqi s\u0259n\u0259t\u0259 d\u0259 d\u0259rind\u0259n yiy\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015fdir. Yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feirl\u0259rin \u00e7oxu itib-batd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi, \u00e7\u0259kdiyi \u015f\u0259kill\u0259rin, \u0259l i\u015fl\u0259rinin d\u0259 \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f d\u00f6vr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r g\u0259lib \u00e7atmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Xan q\u0131z\u0131 Nat\u0259van\u0131n m\u0259lum olan \u201cG\u00fcl d\u0259ft\u0259ri\u201d adl\u0131 bir albomu var ki, o albom da haz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycan Elml\u0259r Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u018flyazmalar fondunda saxlan\u0131l\u0131r. Xan q\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcks\u0259k estetik z\u00f6vq\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n r\u0259sml\u0259r \u2013 q\u0259r\u0259nfil, s\u00fcs\u0259n, b\u0259n\u00f6v\u015f\u0259, yas\u0259m\u0259n, q\u0131z\u0131lg\u00fcl et\u00fcdl\u0259rind\u0259n, Bak\u0131, \u015eu\u015fa, Tiflis peysajlar\u0131ndan K\u00fcr q\u0131ra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, Metex qalas\u0131n\u0131n, \u201cNar\u0131nqala\u201dn\u0131n v\u0259 \u00e7ay k\u00f6rp\u00fcl\u0259rinin m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 t\u0259bi\u0259t l\u00f6vh\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir. Qara karanda\u015fla i\u015fl\u0259nmi\u015f bu \u015f\u0259kill\u0259r inc\u0259liyi v\u0259 b\u0259diiliyi il\u0259 adam\u0131 valeh edir. Albomun cildind\u0259 r\u0259ngli saplarla toxudu\u011fu q\u0131z\u0131lg\u00fcl v\u0259 qovaq a\u011fac\u0131, habel\u0259 s\u00fcrahiyy\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif muncuqlarla tikdiyi \u00f6rt\u00fck inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t x\u0259zin\u0259miz\u0259 qiym\u0259tli h\u0259diyy\u0259dir. \u018f\u015fyalar\u0131 t\u0259bii, inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 l\u00f6vh\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259ks etdir\u0259n, he\u00e7 vaxt xarici effekt\u0259 uymayan Nat\u0259van\u0131n inc\u0259 \u0259l i\u015fl\u0259ri frans\u0131z s\u0259yyah v\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 Aleksandr D\u00fcman\u0131n da diqq\u0259tini \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015f, \u201cQafqaz\u201d adl\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259vandan v\u0259 birinci h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 Xasay xan Usmiyevd\u0259n h\u00f6rm\u0259t v\u0259 ehtiramla yad etmi\u015fdir (Bax: Aleksandr D\u00fcma. Qafqaz, 2010, s\u0259h.186-187).<\/p>\n

Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van\u0131n milli heysiyyat\u0131, inc\u0259 lirizm yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, xeyriyy\u0259\u00e7i g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ri sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda v\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra da q\u0259dirbil\u0259n xalq\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli t\u0259nqid\u00e7i, \u015fair, m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkir, musiqi\u00e7i, r\u0259ssam, ictimai-siyasi xadiml\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n (Firidun B\u0259y K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259rli, Salman M\u00fcmtaz, H\u0259n\u0259fi Zeynall\u0131, \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259yov, S\u0259m\u0259d Vur\u011fun, M\u0259mm\u0259d Rahim, \u018flia\u011fa K\u00fcr\u00e7ayl\u0131, \u018fziz\u0259 C\u0259f\u0259rzad\u0259, \u0130lyas \u018ff\u0259ndiyev, H\u00f6kum\u0259 Billuri, H\u00fcseyn Arif, \u018fkb\u0259r M\u0259ftun, \u015e\u00f6vk\u0259t M\u0259mm\u0259dova, B\u0259yl\u0259r M\u0259mm\u0259dov, b\u0259st\u0259kar Vasif Ad\u0131g\u00f6z\u0259lov, Rauf Ad\u0131g\u00f6z\u0259lov, heyk\u0259ltara\u015f Eldar \u00d6m\u0259rov, Elcan \u015eamilov, r\u0259ssam Altay Hac\u0131yev, Mikay\u0131l Abdullayev, Oqtay Sad\u0131qzad\u0259 v\u0259 b.) d\u0259rin elmi ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar apar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u015feirl\u0259r, poemalar yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, romanslar, operalar yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, b\u00fcstl\u0259r, heyk\u0259ll\u0259r ucald\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, r\u0259sm \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri v\u0259 filmoqrafiyalar \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Sonda bel\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259lirik:<\/p>\n