{"id":18432,"date":"2022-11-11T16:49:20","date_gmt":"2022-11-11T12:49:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=18432"},"modified":"2022-11-11T16:49:20","modified_gmt":"2022-11-11T12:49:20","slug":"turkun-ayaq-izl%c9%99ri-il%c9%99-min%c9%99xanim-nuriyeva-t%c9%99kl%c9%99li","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=18432","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrk\u00fcn ayaq izl\u0259ri il\u0259\u2026 – Min\u0259xan\u0131m Nuriyeva T\u0259kl\u0259li"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"315112606_650423766576661_5291344610267785113_n\"<\/a>Bu g\u00fcn Ruslar\u0131n iddia etdiyi, ad\u0131 1778-d\u0259n XERSON olan T\u00fcrk\u00a0 liman qalas\u0131 SARI K\u0130RMANd\u0131r.\u00a0 <\/b><\/p>\n

M\u00fcasir Ukraynan\u0131n c\u0259nubunda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Xerson tarix\u0259n Sar\u0131 Kermen (kermen~kirman qala; h\u0259rb qalas\u0131) ad\u0131 da\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015fd\u0131r: Dnepr (Uzu) \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n Qara d\u0259niz\u0259 t\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fcy\u00fc yerd\u0259 \u00e7ay\u0131n sa\u011f sahilind\u0259 t\u00fcrk qalas\u0131 Sari Kirman dururdu. M\u00fcasir Xersonu tatarlar \u00e7ox \u0259ski zamanlardan\u00a0 Sari Kirman adland\u0131r\u0131rlar.. Bu torpaqlara s\u0259yah\u0259t ed\u0259n \u00d6vliya \u00c7\u0259l\u0259bi Sari Kirman qalas\u0131n\u0131 \u0259ski zamanlarda Ak Kirman\u0131n sahibi Salsalo\u011flunun tikdirib ucaltd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u0259mi\u015fdi: \u201cSari Kirman qalas\u0131 iki b\u00f6y\u00fck liman aras\u0131nda bir burunda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r” \u2013 dey\u0259 onun co\u011frafi \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc dil\u0259 g\u0259tirir. \u00d6vliya \u00c7\u0259l\u0259bi h\u0259m d\u0259 qalan\u0131n polyaklar\u0131n h\u00fccumu vaxt\u0131 yand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0259ski divarlar\u0131n\u0131n xarabal\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc qeyd edir. Sar\u0131 Kirmanin tarixi taleyind\u0259 skifl\u0259r, hunlar, pe\u00e7eneql\u0259r, s\u0259lib y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ri b\u00f6y\u00fck rol oynam\u0131\u015flar; burada eradan \u0259vv\u0259l III \u0259srd\u0259 skifl\u0259r, IV-V \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 hunlar, ard\u0131nca X\u0259z\u0259r xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00f6km s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r. 12 \u0259srd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq is\u0259 S\u0259lcuq t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri Sar\u0131 Kirman da (Xerson) daxil olmaqla Qara d\u0259niz \u0259traf\u0131 yerl\u0259rd\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 sahib oldular\u00a0 v\u0259 tranzit ticar\u0259tini \u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 ald\u0131lar. 1223-d\u0259 is\u0259 Bat\u0131 xan ordular\u0131 burada g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr; art\u0131q 1299-cu ild\u0259 Q\u0131z\u0131l Ordal\u0131 Noqay xan\u0131n ulusu K\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n c\u0259nub-q\u0259rb sahill\u0259rin\u0259 hakim olur, d\u00fcz y\u00fcz il sonra Edigeyin idar\u0259 etdiyi bu \u015f\u0259h\u0259r \u0259sil ticar\u0259t \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri idi. 13 \u0259srin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda\u00a0 \u0259sas ticar\u0259t yollar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n \u015f\u0259rq s\u0259mt idi v\u0259 genuyal\u0131lar burada \u2013ba\u015fl\u0131ca olaraq Kafa, Sudak, habel\u0259 Balaklavada \u00f6zl\u0259rinin ticar\u0259t \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259sini qurmu\u015fdular.\u00a0 Sar\u0131 Kirman ilk d\u0259f\u0259 Minix qo\u015funlar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n h\u0259l\u0259 1737-ci ild\u0259 tutulmu\u015f, ruslar liman\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u0259rini, y\u0259ni onun h\u0259m \u00e7ay liman\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 d\u0259niz liman\u0131 kimi \u0259lveri\u015fli c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259rini qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259 bilmi\u015fdil\u0259r. T\u0259xmin\u0259n 40 il sonra T\u00fcrk qalas\u0131 Sari Kirman\u0131n ad\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fdirilib Xerson ad\u0131yla \u0259v\u0259z olundu (18 iyun 1778). Bunu imperatri\u00e7a verdiyi \u0259mrd\u0259 Rusiyanin tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f h\u0259rb v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t xadimi Qriqori Potyomkin\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fc t\u0259klif etmi\u015fdi. \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259 bu torpaqlarda g\u00fccl\u00fc xristian d\u00f6vl\u0259ti planlayan h\u00f6kmdar\u0131n yad\u0131na \u201cmifik\u201d Xersones ad\u0131 t\u0259sad\u00fcf\u0259n\u00a0 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259mi\u015fdi. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, iddial\u0131 yunan m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 Xersones, ruslarda is\u0259 Korsun adland\u0131r\u0131lan, indi is\u0259 K\u0131r\u0131mda xarabal\u0131qlar\u0131 duran \u201cTavriya Xersonesi\u201d nin xatir\u0259sin\u0259 Dnepr a\u011fz\u0131ndak\u0131 T\u00fcrk qalas\u0131 bu tarixd\u0259n Xerson ad\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131ma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r. Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, Dneprin a\u011fz\u0131nda u\u00e7urumlu sahild\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Sar\u0131 Kermen yer ad\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259rk\u0259n \u00a0ona \u00a0uy\u011fun yeni Xerson (yunanca \u201ch\u00fcnd\u00fcr, dik sahil\u201d) ad\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 relyefi ifad\u0259 etm\u0259k bax\u0131m\u0131ndan da m\u00fcnasib g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fc. Qala yenid\u0259n qurularaq Qara d\u0259niz flotiliyas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u0259miqay\u0131rma verfin\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. Xersones-q\u0259dim yunanad\u0131 yar\u0131mada, co\u011frafi burun v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r, liman, vilay\u0259t ad\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r: Donetsk vil.(Ukrayna) q\u0259s\u0259b\u0259,\u00a0 Akyarda (Sevastopolda) mayak, qoruq-muzey, v\u0259 burun, buxta ad\u0131, Ker\u00e7 yar\u0131madas\u0131nda burun ad\u0131, K\u0131r\u0131m m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f g\u0259misi ad\u0131 v\u0259 s. Bu adlar\u0131n h\u0259r biri burada q\u0259dim m\u0259d\u0259ni s\u0259rv\u0259t birikdir\u0259n t\u00fcrk varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifad\u0259 ed\u0259n adlar\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qoyulmu\u015fdur. Qara d\u0259niz \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259ki t\u00fcrk qalalar\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259d\u0259ri bu idi. Ard\u0131c\u0131l apar\u0131lan Rus-T\u00fcrk m\u00fcharib\u0259l\u0259rinin top at\u0259\u015fl\u0259ri bit\u0259r-bitm\u0259z Peterburqdan bu \u00f6l\u00fcmsa\u00e7an g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259n s\u0259r\u0259ncamlar u\u00e7ub g\u0259lirdi. \u0130mperatri\u00e7a II Yekaterinan\u0131n paytaxtdan “m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fc” yunan adlar\u0131 onun m\u0259krli imperiya siyas\u0259tinin mahir gedi\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259n biri idi. Simferopal “xeyirli, u\u011furlu \u015f\u0259h\u0259r”, Stavropol “xa\u00e7l\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r”, Nikopol “q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri”, Melitopol “Ar\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri” v\u0259 s. el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 q\u0259dim T\u00fcrk adlar\u0131n\u0131n yunan paralell\u0259rini yarad\u0131b bu yeni adlara r\u0259vac verm\u0259y\u0259 giri\u015fildi: Bal\u0131klava-\u00c7embala; D\u0259mir\u00e7i da\u011f\u0131-Funa, Cur-Cur \u015f\u0259lal\u0259si- Kremasto Nero, Ulu Uzen \u00e7ay\u0131-Meqa Potam v\u0259 s. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 xristian tikilil\u0259ri sal\u0131nma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r: B\u00f6y\u00fck Spassk m\u0259b\u0259di (1806), Qara d\u0259niz hospital\u0131 (1803), Svatoduxovski m\u0259b\u0259di (1836) Sar\u0131 Kirman\u0131n simas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fdirdi. XIX \u0259srin sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru Dneprin liman kimi d\u0259rinl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sil\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r tax\u0131l, yun, me\u015f\u0259 eksportunda iri limana \u00e7evrilir. Sovet hakimiyy\u0259ti ill\u0259rind\u0259 Xersones iri g\u0259miqay\u0131rma v\u0259 ma\u015fmqay\u0131rma m\u0259rk\u0259zi kimi inki\u015faf etmi\u015fdir. Bununla yana\u015f\u0131 \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck pamb\u0131q-k\u0259tan toxuma istehsalat birliyi d\u0259 bu \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259dir. Haz\u0131rda 1944-c\u00fc ild\u0259 vilay\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015f Xerson vilay\u0259tinin m\u0259rk\u0259zidir. Q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk qalas\u0131 Sari Kirman, m\u00fcasir Xersones XX \u0259srd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq Rusiya imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rd \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck liman\u0131ndan biri say\u0131lmaqdad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131ya 53 d\u0259f\u0259 bax\u0131l\u0131b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bu g\u00fcn Ruslar\u0131n iddia etdiyi, ad\u0131 1778-d\u0259n XERSON olan T\u00fcrk\u00a0 liman qalas\u0131 SARI K\u0130RMANd\u0131r.\u00a0 M\u00fcasir Ukraynan\u0131n c\u0259nubunda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Xerson tarix\u0259n Sar\u0131 Kermen (kermen~kirman qala; h\u0259rb qalas\u0131) ad\u0131 da\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015fd\u0131r: Dnepr (Uzu) \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n Qara d\u0259niz\u0259 t\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fcy\u00fc yerd\u0259 \u00e7ay\u0131n sa\u011f sahilind\u0259 t\u00fcrk qalas\u0131 Sari Kirman dururdu. M\u00fcasir Xersonu tatarlar \u00e7ox \u0259ski zamanlardan\u00a0 Sari Kirman adland\u0131r\u0131rlar.. Bu torpaqlara s\u0259yah\u0259t […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18432"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18432"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18432\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18433,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18432\/revisions\/18433"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18432"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18432"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18432"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}