{"id":20299,"date":"2024-09-29T15:31:20","date_gmt":"2024-09-29T11:31:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=20299"},"modified":"2024-09-29T15:32:09","modified_gmt":"2024-09-29T11:32:09","slug":"b%c9%99n-turkz%c9%99bandan-iltifat-eyl%c9%99m%c9%99-k%c9%99m-az%c9%99r-turan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=20299","title":{"rendered":"“B\u0259n t\u00fcrkz\u0259bandan iltifat eyl\u0259m\u0259 k\u0259m”\u00a0– Az\u0259r TURAN"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

<\/h1>\n
\""B\u0259n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/h3>\n
\n

Ey feyzr\u0259sani-\u0259r\u0259b\u00fc t\u00fcrk\u00fc \u0259c\u0259m,<\/em><\/p>\n

Q\u0131ld\u0131n \u0259r\u0259bi \u0259fs\u0259hi-\u0259hli-al\u0259m,<\/em><\/p>\n

Etdin f\u00fcs\u0259hayi-\u0259c\u0259mi \u0130sad\u0259m,<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u0259n t\u00fcrkz\u0259bandan iltifat eyl\u0259m\u0259 k\u0259m.<\/em><\/p>\n

F\u00fczuli<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

F\u00fczulinin t\u00fcrkc\u0259\u00e7iliyi.<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0F\u00fczuli K\u0259rb\u0259lada ya\u015fayan q\u00f6vmda\u015flar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn (h\u0259m d\u0259 yaln\u0131z K\u0259rb\u0259lada deyil) \u0130mam H\u00fcseyn m\u00fcsib\u0259ti bar\u0259d\u0259 anadilli bir kitab ba\u011flamaq q\u0259rar\u0131na g\u0259lmi\u015fdi. \u018fr\u0259b v\u0259 fars dill\u0259rind\u0259ki dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131 anlamayanlar ona \u00fcz tutub: “Ey p\u0259rv\u0259rdeyi-xani-nem\u0259ti-feyzi-\u015eahi-K\u0259rb\u0259la F\u00fczuliyi-m\u00fcbt\u0259la, nola g\u0259r, bir t\u0259rzi-m\u00fcc\u0259dd\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259re olsan v\u0259 himm\u0259t tutub bir m\u0259qt\u0259li-t\u00fcrki in\u015fa q\u0131lsan ki, f\u00fcs\u0259hayi-t\u00fcrkiz\u0259ban istimaind\u0259n t\u0259m\u0259tt\u00f6 bulalar v\u0259 idraki-m\u0259zmununda \u0259r\u0259bd\u0259n v\u0259 \u0259c\u0259md\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259\u011fni olalar”, – dey\u0259 t\u0259v\u0259qqe etmi\u015fdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

F\u00fczuli toplum \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u00f6vr\u00fcn \u0259n \u0259sas v\u0259 ortaq m\u00f6vzusunu t\u00fcrkc\u0259 yazmaq, t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri \u0259r\u0259b v\u0259 fars dill\u0259rind\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kitablardan m\u00fcst\u0259\u011fni q\u0131lmaq, y\u0259ni \u0259r\u0259b v\u0259 fars dilinin as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan qurtarma\u011f\u0131n z\u0259ruriliyini anlam\u0131\u015f ilk t\u00fcrk \u015fairidir…<\/p>\n

El\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, ana dilind\u0259, do\u011fma t\u00fcrkc\u0259d\u0259 s\u00f6yl\u0259nmi\u015f K\u0259rb\u0259la m\u00fcsib\u0259tinin s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rini yazmas\u0131 F\u00fczulinin milliyy\u0259tp\u0259rv\u0259r g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rinin \u0259n bariz ifad\u0259sidir. Nihat Sami Banarl\u0131 “F\u00fczulinin t\u00fcrkc\u0259\u00e7iliyi” m\u0259qal\u0259sind\u0259 h\u0259min m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 i\u015far\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “F\u00fczulinin… daha imanl\u0131 v\u0259 daha h\u0259y\u0259canl\u0131 bir t\u00fcrkc\u0259\u00e7iliyi, onun K\u0259rb\u0259la \u015f\u0259hidl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 “H\u0259diq\u0259t\u00fcs-s\u00fc\u0259da” adl\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rinin \u00d6n s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259dir. F\u00fczuli bu yaz\u0131s\u0131nda, bilxass\u0259, \u0130raq m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s bir m\u00f6vzu olan K\u0259rb\u0259la vaqe\u0259l\u0259rini v\u0259 K\u0259rb\u0259la \u015f\u0259hidl\u0259rinin mac\u0259ras\u0131n\u0131, \u015fairl\u0259rin h\u0259m \u0259r\u0259bc\u0259 v\u0259 ya farsca yazd\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bu \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n yaln\u0131z \u0259r\u0259b v\u0259 \u0259c\u0259m b\u00f6y\u00fckl\u0259rinin faydalanmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcrk heysiyy\u0259tin\u0259 t\u0259hqir hesab edir. \u0130nsan cinsinin \u0259n \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u0259diyi v\u0259 al\u0259mi t\u0259rkib ed\u0259n insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck c\u00fcz\u00fc oldu\u011funu b\u0259lirtdiyi t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin bundan m\u0259hrum edilm\u0259sind\u0259n ciddi bir k\u0259d\u0259r duyur v\u0259… T\u00fcrk dili tarixinin \u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l duas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn o, \u0259ziz \u0259ll\u0259rini Allah\u0131na uzad\u0131r: “Ey \u0259r\u0259b v\u0259 \u0259c\u0259m v\u0259 t\u00fcrk mill\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 feyz ver\u0259n Tanr\u0131m! S\u0259n \u0259r\u0259b q\u00f6vm\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259n fasih dan\u0131\u015fan mill\u0259ti yaratd\u0131n! \u018fc\u0259m fasihl\u0259rinin is\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259rini, \u0130sa pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r kimi, cana can qatan bir g\u00f6z\u0259lliy\u0259 qovu\u015fdurdun! M\u0259n t\u00fcrk\u0259m v\u0259 t\u00fcrkc\u0259 s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259k ist\u0259yir\u0259m! Tanr\u0131m, m\u0259nd\u0259n iltifat\u0131n\u0131 \u0259sirg\u0259m\u0259!” Dua budur. Bu misralar\u0131 oxuyanlar, ilk anda F\u00fczulinin t\u00fcrkc\u0259 yazmaq ist\u0259diyini v\u0259 bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Allahdan yard\u0131m v\u0259 t\u0259v\u0259cc\u00f6h dil\u0259diyini z\u0259nn ed\u0259rl\u0259r. Halbuki r\u00fcbainin b\u00fct\u00fcn inc\u0259liyi iltifat k\u0259lm\u0259sind\u0259dir. \u00c7\u00fcnki s\u00f6z s\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259 iltifat, s\u00f6z\u00fc \u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l, \u0259n estetik v\u0259 \u0259n \u00fcst\u00fcn bir \u00fcslubda i\u015fl\u0259d\u0259 bilm\u0259k dem\u0259kdir. Bel\u0259 olunca, F\u00fczulinin, Tanr\u0131s\u0131ndan dil\u0259diyi b\u00f6y\u00fck yard\u0131m, t\u00fcrkc\u0259ni, h\u0259tta \u0259r\u0259bc\u0259d\u0259n d\u0259, farisid\u0259n d\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259l v\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259d\u0259 bilm\u0259si yard\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r”.<\/p>\n

\"\"“H\u0259diq\u0259t\u00fcs-s\u00fc\u0259da” t\u0259kc\u0259 K\u0259rb\u0259la hadis\u0259l\u0259rini t\u00fcrkc\u0259 t\u0259svir ed\u0259n \u0259s\u0259r olaraq deyil, eyni zamanda F\u00fczulinin milliyy\u0259ti bar\u0259d\u0259 yanl\u0131\u015f m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259r ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u0259n Kr\u0131mskinin, Huvar\u0131n, Samoylovi\u00e7in iddialar\u0131 “H\u0259diq\u0259t\u00fcs-s\u00fc\u0259da”n\u0131n \u015fahidliyi – tan\u0131ql\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 t\u0259kzib olunur. “H\u0259diq\u0259t\u00fcs-s\u00fc\u0259da”dan ba\u015fl\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z “B\u0259n t\u00fcrkz\u0259bandan iltifat eyl\u0259m\u0259 k\u0259m” misras\u0131 F\u00fczulinin milliyy\u0259ti bar\u0259d\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131q d\u0259lil ver\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259sna misrad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130qtibas, yaxud iqtida.<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0F\u00fczuli, “H\u0259diq\u0259t\u00fcs-s\u00fc\u0259da”n\u0131 yazanda, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u0259 etiraf etdiyi kimi, fars \u015fairi H\u00fcseyn Vaiz Ka\u015fifinin “R\u00f6vz\u0259t\u00fc\u015f \u015f\u00fch\u0259da” \u0259s\u0259rin\u0259 iqtida etmi\u015fdi. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 buras\u0131ndad\u0131r ki, o, b\u0259lli bir kitab\u0131 iqtibas etm\u0259mi\u015f, yaxud onu t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 etm\u0259mi\u015f, sad\u0259c\u0259, ona iqtida etmi\u015fdir. Y\u0259ni orda yaz\u0131lanlardan s\u0259rf-n\u0259z\u0259r etm\u0259mi\u015f, K\u0259rb\u0259la hadis\u0259l\u0259rini q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 alark\u0259n, h\u0259m d\u0259 onun yazd\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rn\u0259k alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bel\u0259 ki, Ka\u015fifinin bu \u0259s\u0259ri\u00a0 F\u00fczulinin “H\u0259diq\u0259t\u00fcs-s\u00fc\u0259da”n\u0131 yazark\u0259n, istinad etdiyi \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n yaln\u0131z biridir, daha geni\u015f miqyasda istinad etdiyi \u0259s\u0259rdir. F\u00fczuli K\u0259rb\u0259la faci\u0259sini yazan dig\u0259r m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259rin – \u018fbu H\u0259nifin, M\u0259sr\u0259 Tavusinin, Seyid R\u0259ziyy\u0259ddin \u018fb\u00fclqasimin q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 ald\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 da ad\u0131ke\u00e7\u0259n “Diba\u00e7\u0259”d\u0259 yad etmi\u015fdi. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, F\u00fczuli fars “R\u00f6vz\u0259t\u00fc\u015f-\u015f\u00fch\u0259da”s\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na t\u00fcrk “H\u0259diq\u0259t\u00fcs-s\u00fc\u0259da”s\u0131 il\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131rd\u0131. \u015e\u0259hidl\u0259r ba\u011f\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 xo\u015fb\u0259xtl\u0259r ba\u011f\u00e7as\u0131na \u00e7evirirdi.<\/p>\n

“R\u00f6vz\u0259t\u00fc\u015f-\u015f\u00fch\u0259da” il\u0259 “H\u0259diq\u0259t\u00fcs-s\u00fc\u0259da”n\u0131 qiyasland\u0131ran Banarl\u0131 ikincini “\u00f6rn\u0259yind\u0259n daha \u00fcst\u00fcn” bir \u0259s\u0259r adland\u0131r\u0131r. Fuad K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc is\u0259 1947-ci ild\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 “\u018fd\u0259biyyat ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131”nda “H\u0259diq\u0259t\u00fcs-s\u00fc\u0259da” “bu \u0259d\u0259bi n\u00f6v\u00fcn t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 v\u00fccuda g\u0259tirilmi\u015f \u0259n m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l bir m\u0259hsuludur. T\u0259s\u0259nn\u00fc qoxusunu p\u0259k az duyuran ol\u011fun bir s\u0259n\u0259t il\u0259 F\u00fczuliy\u0259 xas s\u0259cili, f\u0259q\u0259t, ax\u0131c\u0131 v\u0259 s\u0259mimi bir \u00fcslub il\u0259 yaz\u0131lan bu \u0259s\u0259r, ifad\u0259 q\u00fcdr\u0259ti v\u0259 canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bax\u0131m\u0131ndan H\u00fcseyn Vaizin \u0259s\u0259rin\u0259, \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259siz ki, fayiqdir (\u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fcr)” – deyir.<\/p>\n

Roman<\/strong><\/em>. F\u00fczulinin “H\u0259diq\u0259t\u00fcs-s\u00fc\u0259da” yazmas\u0131 m\u00fch\u00fcm bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259dir. Unutmayaq ki, F\u00fczulinin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259r\u0259b-\u0259c\u0259m d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas \u0259d\u0259biyyat m\u00f6vzusu Hz.H\u00fcseynin faci\u0259si idi. Toplumu birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n t\u0259k m\u00f6vzu K\u0259rb\u0259la m\u00fcsib\u0259tiydi v\u0259 bu m\u00f6vzuda yaz\u0131lan, m\u00fctali\u0259 olunan b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r d\u0259, ya \u0259r\u0259b, ya da fars dilind\u0259ydi. F\u00fczuli \u0130mam H\u00fcseyn m\u00f6vzusunu t\u00fcrkc\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259kl\u0259 \u0259slind\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b-\u0259c\u0259m etno-m\u0259d\u0259ni m\u00fchitind\u0259 t\u00fcrk kimliyinin qorunmas\u0131na xidm\u0259t edirdi.<\/p>\n

Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, n\u0259srl\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bu \u0259s\u0259ri strukturuna, s\u00fcjet x\u0259ttinin dol\u011funlu\u011funa, xarakterl\u0259rin psixoloji d\u0259rinliyin\u0259, says\u0131z-hesabs\u0131z obrazlar\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rin sonuna q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259qiqlikl\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n ilk v\u0259 \u00f6rn\u0259k roman\u0131 da adland\u0131rmaq olar. Doktor Qaraxan yaz\u0131r ki, “H\u0259diq\u0259t\u00fcs-s\u00fc\u0259da”n\u0131n “\u0130btilayi-X\u0259lil” f\u0259slind\u0259 Hz. \u0130brahimin at\u0259\u015f\u0259 at\u0131lmas\u0131, “\u0130mam H\u00fcseynin \u015f\u0259had\u0259ti” v\u0259 “\u0130mam Zeyn\u00fclabidinin \u015eamda bir c\u00fcm\u0259 g\u00fcn\u00fc irad etdiyi x\u00fctb\u0259 yaln\u0131z F\u00fczuli n\u0259srinin deyil, t\u00fcrk \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l meyv\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biridir”.<\/p>\n

K\u0259rb\u0259ladak\u0131 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u015f\u0259hidl\u0259r.<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0“H\u0259diq\u0259t\u00fcs-s\u00fc\u0259da”n\u0131n mistik-dini mahiyy\u0259ti bar\u0259d\u0259 uzun ill\u0259r bundan \u0259vv\u0259l yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m kitabdan b\u0259zi m\u00fch\u00fcm m\u0259qamlar\u0131 yenid\u0259n xat\u0131rlatmaq ist\u0259yir\u0259m. F\u00fczuli K\u0259rb\u0259la \u015f\u0259hidl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda iki az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131dan\u00a0 – M\u00fcsl\u00fcm Az\u0259rbaycanid\u0259n (M\u00fcsl\u00fcm \u018fvus\u0259c\u0259) v\u0259 onun o\u011flundan b\u0259hs edir. “H\u0259diq\u0259t\u00fcs-s\u00fc\u0259da”dak\u0131 K\u0259rb\u0259la \u015f\u0259hidl\u0259rinin aras\u0131nda iki Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrk\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259si F\u00fczulinin z\u0259f\u0259riydi. Ba\u015fqa tarixl\u0259r d\u0259 buradak\u0131 t\u00fcrk \u0259silli \u015f\u0259hidl\u0259rd\u0259n s\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131b. H\u0259tta H\u0259bib ibn M\u00fczahirin d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrk\u00fc oldu\u011funu ehtimal ed\u0259nl\u0259r var. B\u00fct\u00fcn kitablarda birm\u0259nal\u0131 olaraq, bildirilib ki, K\u0259rb\u0259la faci\u0259sinin iki qurban\u0131 Hz. H\u00fcseynin dizl\u0259ri \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 ke\u00e7inib. Biri imam\u0131n zahir\u0259n pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259y\u0259n o\u011flu \u018fli \u018fkb\u0259r, dig\u0259ri is\u0259 “\u0259sl\u0259n t\u00fcrk olan” g\u0259nc “bihu\u015f oldu\u011fu, g\u00f6zl\u0259rini qan b\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcy\u00fc halda Hz. H\u00fcseyn onun ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 dizinin \u00fcst\u00fcn\u0259 al\u0131r v\u0259 sonra \u0259ll\u0259ri il\u0259 onun \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259n v\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n qan\u0131 silir. Bu hal\u0131nda o, ay\u0131l\u0131b Hz. H\u00fcseyn\u0259 bax\u0131r v\u0259 t\u0259b\u0259ss\u00fcm edir. Hz. H\u00fcseyn \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc onun \u00fcz\u00fcn\u0259 qoyur”.<\/p>\n

Bel\u0259likl\u0259, K\u0259rb\u0259ladak\u0131 72 \u015f\u0259hidd\u0259n ikisi t\u00fcrkd\u00fcr v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan k\u00f6k\u0259nlidir.<\/p>\n

\u0130mam H\u00fcseyn m\u0259zar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131raqsuzu, yaxud F\u00fczulinin \u0130mam H\u00fcseyn t\u00fcrb\u0259sinin yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u0259zar\u0131.<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0Fuad K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn bildirdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, XX y\u00fczilin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 F\u00fczulini ziyar\u0259t ed\u0259n S\u00fcleyman Faiq \u018ff\u0259ndi onun m\u0259zar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130mam H\u00fcseyn t\u00fcrb\u0259sinin lap yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcb. Oradaca \u00f6yr\u0259nib ki, F\u00fczulinin m\u0259zar\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 bir t\u00fcrb\u0259 var imi\u015f v\u0259 sonralar \u015fairin “M\u0259zar\u0131m \u00fczr\u0259 qoyman mil, \u0259g\u0259r kuyind\u0259 can vers\u0259m \/ Qoyun bir say\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcn q\u0259brim\u0259 ol s\u0259rv qam\u0259td\u0259n” misralar\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq, \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin valisi t\u00fcrb\u0259ni s\u00f6kd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, bundan sonra \u0130mam H\u00fcseyn t\u00fcrb\u0259sinin k\u00f6lg\u0259si F\u00fczulinin q\u0259brinin \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

F\u00fczuli \u0130mam H\u00fcseyn t\u00fcrb\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fccavirlik etmi\u015fdirmi? Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 f\u00fczuli\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131qda yekdil r\u0259y yoxdur. F\u00fczuli\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131qda olmasa da, buna r\u0259\u011fm\u0259n, F\u00fczulinin \u00f6z yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu bar\u0259d\u0259 i\u015far\u0259tl\u0259r vard\u0131r. Doktor Qaraxan bu bax\u0131mdan onun farsca divan\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 dayan\u0131r. Divandak\u0131 bir m\u0259qam Qaraxan\u0131n diqq\u0259tini x\u00fcsusil\u0259 c\u0259lb edir: “\u00d6vladi-r\u0259sula xidm\u0259t etdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 iki cahanda arzusu ona m\u00fcy\u0259ss\u0259r olmu\u015fdu”. Qit\u0259ni \u015f\u0259rh ed\u0259n Qaraxan bildirir ki, “F\u00fczuli h\u0259r k\u0259sl\u0259 bir tutulmas\u0131na raz\u0131 deyildir. V\u0259 ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131q g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r \u00f6vladlar\u0131 e\u015fiyind\u0259n maa\u015f almaqla \u00f6y\u00fcnm\u0259kd\u0259dir”.<\/p>\n

O, tarixd\u0259 daha \u00e7ox \u0130mam H\u00fcseyn m\u00fccaviri kimi tan\u0131nsa da, \u0130mam H\u00fcseynin deyil, Hz. \u018flinin t\u00fcrb\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7\u0131raqsuzluq etdiyi ehtimal\u0131 da vard\u0131r. H\u0259r halda, F\u00fczuli bir \u0259hli-beyt a\u015fiqidir.<\/p>\n

B\u0259kta\u015filik v\u0259 F\u00fczulinin t\u00fcrb\u0259si.<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0Yay\u011f\u0131n olmayan fikirl\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 budur ki, F\u00fczuli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rinin \u0259sas\u0131nda B\u0259kta\u015filik c\u0259r\u0259yan etm\u0259kd\u0259dir v\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyil ki, F\u00fczulinin\u00a0 K\u0259rb\u0259lada \u0130mam H\u00fcseyn t\u00fcrb\u0259sinin civar\u0131nda olan m\u0259zar\u0131n\u0131n, Banarl\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 des\u0259k, “indi y\u0131x\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir B\u0259kta\u015fi d\u0259rgah\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda olmas\u0131, \u015fairimizin bu \u0259ski v\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u00fcrk t\u0259riq\u0259tin\u0259 t\u0259v\u0259cc\u00f6h\u00fc haqq\u0131nda bir d\u0259lil say\u0131lmaqdad\u0131r”.<\/p>\n

F\u00fczulinin t\u00fcrb\u0259si is\u0259 bir b\u0259kta\u015fi t\u0259kk\u0259sinin civar\u0131nda deyil, h\u0259tta t\u0259kk\u0259nin i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259ymi\u015f.<\/p>\n

Abdulqadir Qaraxan F\u00fczulinin B\u0259kta\u015fi t\u0259riq\u0259tin\u0259 m\u0259nsub\u00a0 olmas\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259ri bax\u0131mdan t\u0259sbit ed\u0259c\u0259k “h\u0259r hans\u0131 ipucu yoxdur” deyir, amma buna r\u0259\u011fm\u0259n, h\u0259m d\u0259 F\u00fczulinin “t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf z\u00f6vq\u00fcn\u0259 meyilli” oldu\u011funu yaz\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc is\u0259 bildirir ki, XX \u0259zrin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 K\u0259rb\u0259lan\u0131 ziyar\u0259t ed\u0259n \u018fli Suad b\u0259y F\u00fczuliy\u0259 istinad edil\u0259n bir t\u00fcrb\u0259ni ziyar\u0259t etdiyini yaz\u0131b. K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc xat\u0131rlad\u0131rd\u0131 ki, t\u00fcrb\u0259ni ehtiva ed\u0259n B\u0259kta\u015fi t\u0259kk\u0259sind\u0259 \u018fli Suad b\u0259y F\u00fczuli haqq\u0131ndak\u0131 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259ni t\u0259sbit etmi\u015fdir. Bu \u0259n\u0259n\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259,\u00a0 t\u0259kk\u0259ni F\u00fczuli il\u0259 m\u00fcasir olan Abdulmumin D\u0259d\u0259 ad\u0131nda bir B\u0259kta\u015fi \u015feyxi t\u0259sis etmi\u015f,\u00a0 ona intisab ed\u0259n t\u0259kk\u0259nin \u00e7\u0131raqsuzu olan\u00a0 F\u00fczuli d\u0259 v\u0259fat\u0131nda, v\u0259siyy\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u015feyxin yan\u0131nda\u00a0 d\u0259fn olunmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

\u018ffsan\u0259l\u0259r, r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259r bo\u015funa yaranm\u0131r. H\u0259r halda, F\u00fczulinin d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 K\u0259rb\u0259lada t\u00fcrk \u0259silli B\u0259kta\u015fi t\u0259kk\u0259sinin olmas\u0131 he\u00e7 k\u0259s t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259kzib edilmir. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, B\u0259kta\u015fil\u0259rin m\u0259n\u0259vi silsil\u0259 olaraq q\u0259bul etdikl\u0259ri Yeddi Ulu Ozan\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131nda F\u00fczuli d\u0259 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ortaq osmanl\u0131 t\u00fcrkc\u0259si.<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0 F\u00fczuli Osmanl\u0131 v\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vi xan\u0259dan\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir m\u0259n\u0259vi k\u00f6rp\u00fcyd\u00fc. H\u0259tta Osmanl\u0131 Sultan\u0131 II S\u0259limin \u0130ran \u015eah\u0131na yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259ktuba F\u00fczuli misralar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259lav\u0259 etm\u0259si Qaraxan\u0131n dediyi kimi, “F\u00fczulinin o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259t sahibi oldu\u011fundan” x\u0259b\u0259r verir. F\u00fczuli K\u0259rb\u0259ladan Kr\u0131ma, Bak\u0131dan T\u0259briz\u0259, \u0130stanbuldan S\u0259m\u0259rq\u0259nd\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin ilk ortaq \u015fairidir.<\/p>\n

Ortaq osmanl\u0131 t\u00fcrkc\u0259si istilah\u0131 do\u011frudurmu?<\/p>\n

Subyektiv s\u0259sl\u0259ns\u0259 d\u0259, m\u0259nc\u0259, “H\u0259diq\u0259t\u00fcs-s\u00fc\u0259da”n\u0131n dili XX y\u00fczilin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r ist\u0259r \u0130stanbulda, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259 Bak\u0131da davam ed\u0259n ortaq osmanl\u0131 \u0259d\u0259bi t\u00fcrkc\u0259sinin ilk qayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r… Ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259, C\u0259nab \u015e\u0259hab\u0259ddin… v\u0259 “F\u00fcyuzat” – \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 dilinin ilk qayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

F\u00fczuli renessans hadis\u0259sidir. Rafael Santi v\u0259fat ed\u0259nd\u0259, o zaman\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck s\u0259n\u0259t\u015f\u00fcnas\u0131 Corco Vazari “Rafaelin h\u0259yat\u0131” adl\u0131 bir kitab yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131 v\u0259 o kitabdak\u0131 bu s\u00f6zl\u0259r m\u0259nim he\u00e7 xatirimd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131r: “Yax\u015f\u0131 olard\u0131 ki, r\u0259ssaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 bu n\u0259cib s\u0259n\u0259tkarla birlikd\u0259 \u00f6l\u0259ydi. Rafael g\u00f6zl\u0259rini yuman andan boyakarl\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti sanki kor olmu\u015fdur”.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00f6zl\u0259ri, eyn\u0259n poeziya s\u0259n\u0259tin\u0259 v\u0259 F\u00fczuliy\u0259 d\u0259 aid etm\u0259k olar.<\/p>\n

Renessans\u0131n ba\u015fverm\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri art\u0131q bir ne\u00e7\u0259 onillikl\u0259rdir ki, elmi-n\u0259z\u0259ri ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131n m\u00f6vzusuna \u00e7evrilib. Tarixi d\u00f6vr v\u0259 sosial \u015f\u0259rait v\u0259 \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r d\u0259 daxil olmaqla, onun meydana \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131nda m\u00fcxt\u0259lif s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rin i\u015ftirak\u0131 t\u0259dqiqata c\u0259lb olunmaqdad\u0131r. Lakin bir k\u00fcll hal\u0131nda g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fckd\u0259, intibah regional hadis\u0259 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, eyni bir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259rzi, Yer k\u00fcr\u0259sinin h\u0259r bir buca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn xalqlar\u0131, sanki sistemli bir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 qapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan o, dialektik prosesin n\u0259tic\u0259si olaraq d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ndiril\u0259 bilm\u0259z.<\/p>\n

\u0130ctimai v\u0259 elmi \u015f\u0259raitinin \u0259n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif s\u0259viyy\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 oldu\u011fu ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 xalqlar\u0131n – italyanlardan tutmu\u015f, t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259c\u0259n, ham\u0131n\u0131n eyni v\u00fcs\u0259tl\u0259 intibah prosesin\u0259 qo\u015fulmas\u0131 v\u0259 onun ba\u015fverm\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rin\u0259 eyni haqla ortaq olmas\u0131 burada h\u0259l\u0259, n\u0259 is\u0259 ba\u015fqa bir sirli, mistik, f\u00f6vq\u0259lt\u0259bii, metafizik bir m\u0259qam\u0131n i\u015ftirak\u0131na inam yarad\u0131r…<\/p>\n

\u018fn \u0259vv\u0259l, d\u00fcnya monarxiyas\u0131 ideyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fc ilk d\u0259f\u0259 v\u0259 bird\u0259f\u0259lik olaraq m\u0259hz bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259ndi v\u0259 h\u0259min m\u0259\u015fum ideyalar z\u0259nciri yen\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259hz, intibah d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 q\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, s\u00fcquta u\u011frad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Renessans \u00fcmumd\u00fcnya katolik hakimiyy\u0259ti ehtiraslar\u0131n\u0131n soyudu\u011fu v\u0259 s\u00f6nd\u00fcy\u00fc tarixi m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259, milli d\u00f6vl\u0259t ideyas\u0131n\u0131n toxumlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259pildiyi\u00a0 d\u00f6vr kimi d\u0259 s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259ndiril\u0259 bil\u0259r…<\/p>\n

Xristian d\u00fcnyas\u0131 art\u0131q dini t\u0259sisat olmaqdan daha \u00e7ox, Roman\u0131n planetar hakimiyy\u0259tinin ideoloquna \u00e7evrilmi\u015f kils\u0259d\u0259n imtina etdi. O d\u00f6vrd\u0259 kils\u0259 v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259t aras\u0131ndak\u0131 ixtilaflar\u0131 s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259ndir\u0259rk\u0259n, Henrix Heyne yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “Tisian Veneras\u0131n\u0131n bald\u0131rlar\u0131 Papa \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn L\u00fcter t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n kils\u0259 divarlar\u0131na yap\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f tezisl\u0259rd\u0259n daha \u00e7ox t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li idi”.<\/p>\n

\u018fqlin \u00fcsyan\u0131 \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 meydana g\u0259lmi\u015f Renessans Avropada c\u0259miyy\u0259t m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl tapmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. \u018fnd\u0259lus m\u0259dr\u0259s\u0259l\u0259rinin b\u0259h\u0259ri \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc XV-XVI \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Avropan\u0131n i\u00e7\u0259ril\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259zah\u00fcr etdirirdi.<\/p>\n

…\u0130ntibah, t\u0259bi\u0259ti etibar\u0131 il\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259t h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s bir m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n

Xat\u0131rlamaqla v\u0259 sadalamaqla qurtaran deyil. Dante 1327-ci ild\u0259 “\u0130lahi komediya”n\u0131 yazd\u0131. 1453-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Fateh \u0130stanbulu f\u0259th etdi. 1492-ci ild\u0259\u00a0 Xristofor Kolumb Amerikan\u0131 k\u0259\u015ff etdi. Kopernik yerin m\u0259rk\u0259zi bar\u0259d\u0259 zaman\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259rki b\u00fct\u00fcn sabit ehkamlar\u0131 ortadan g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc v\u0259 “d\u00fcnya da ba\u015fqa planetl\u0259r kimi g\u00fcn\u0259\u015fin ba\u015f\u0131na dolan\u0131r” –\u00a0 dey\u0259, elmin v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin yeni istiqam\u0259tl\u0259rini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etdi. Mo\u011fol v\u0259 T\u0259briz miniat\u00fcr m\u0259kt\u0259bi d\u0259, Babur \u015fah da, milli d\u00f6vl\u0259t quruculu\u011fu u\u011frunda \u015eah \u0130smay\u0131l X\u0259tainin apard\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 d\u0259, \u015eah \u0130smay\u0131l\u0131n m\u0259\u011flub etdiyi m\u0259\u011frur \u015eib\u0259k (\u015eeybani) xan da, \u018fli\u015fir N\u0259vai il\u0259 bir yerd\u0259 Sultan H\u00fcseyn Bayqara da, Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n xilaf\u0259t\u0259 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si namin\u0259 Sultan S\u0259limin \u018fr\u0259bistan\u0131 f\u0259thi d\u0259, Sultan M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d, Tsian, Rafael, Mikelancelo, Behzad, Mir Seyid \u018fli\u00a0 f\u0131r\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n ecaz\u0131 da, A\u011fa Mir\u0259k v\u0259 Memar Sinan\u0131n qurduqlar\u0131 \u0259fsan\u0259vi memarl\u0131q yap\u0131tlar\u0131 da, d\u00fcnya ideal iqtisadi v\u0259 sosial sisteminin \u0259ks olundu\u011fu “Utopiya” \u0259s\u0259ri il\u0259 birg\u0259 Tomas Mor da, N\u0259simi, \u015eekspir, Rable, Lope de Veqa, Bruno, Makiavelli, Martin L\u00fcter, Kuzanl\u0131 Nikolay, Mi\u015fel Monten… d\u0259, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n, N\u0259simi d\u0259, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d F\u00fczuli d\u0259 m\u0259hz h\u0259min hadis\u0259nin – Hegelin “S\u00fcbh \u015f\u0259f\u0259qi” adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 renessans\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M\u0259hz bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 d\u00fcnyadak\u0131 ortodoksal b\u00fcrk\u00fc m\u00fclayim bir m\u0259n\u0259vi iqliml\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z olunur, antik yunan m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin xarabazarl\u0131qlar\u0131nda idrak\u0131n dan yeri s\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr v\u0259 s\u00fcbh \u015f\u0259f\u0259qinin b\u0259yaz i\u015fart\u0131lar\u0131 al\u0259mi uyqudan oyand\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Qeyd etdiyim kimi, t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar bu hadis\u0259nin mahiyy\u0259tind\u0259 dayanan s\u0259b\u0259bin sosial-siyasi m\u0259qamlar\u0131ndan \u00e7ox b\u0259hs edibl\u0259r. Lakin bu, h\u0259l\u0259 renessans\u0131n yaranma s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rini tam v\u0259 ayd\u0131n \u0259ks etdirmir v\u0259 etdir\u0259 d\u0259 bilm\u0259z. Mikay\u0131l R\u0259fili: “\u0130ntibah” m\u0259fhumu Mets\u0259 v\u0259 Bartolda g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259n daha geni\u015f v\u0259 daha m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bdir”,\u00a0 – dey\u0259rk\u0259n daha haql\u0131 idi.<\/p>\n

Renessans dal\u011fas\u0131 renessans adamlar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fururdu. Renessans M\u0259cnundan x\u0259b\u0259rsiz Hamleti, Hamletd\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259rsiz M\u0259cnunu do\u011furmu\u015fdu.<\/p>\n

Renessans adam\u0131n\u0131n tipi f\u0259rqlidir. F\u00fczuli he\u00e7 Petrarka kimi d\u0259 antik \u0259yyamlar\u0131n a\u015fiqin\u0259 \u00e7evrilm\u0259di. Leylisi Laura kimi d\u00fcny\u0259vi v\u0259 fani olmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

F\u00fczulinin Qeysi Hamletc\u0259sin\u0259 bir artistlik labirintin\u0259 d\u0259 yuvarlanmad\u0131. Sevdiyinin artistin\u0259 deyil, d\u0259lisin\u0259, M\u0259cnununa, a\u015fiqin\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. S\u0259hn\u0259y\u0259 deyil, s\u0259hraya p\u0259nah apard\u0131…<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

M\u0259nb\u0259: “\u018fd\u0259biyyat q\u0259zeti”<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Yaz\u0131ya 49 d\u0259f\u0259 bax\u0131l\u0131b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ey feyzr\u0259sani-\u0259r\u0259b\u00fc t\u00fcrk\u00fc \u0259c\u0259m, Q\u0131ld\u0131n \u0259r\u0259bi \u0259fs\u0259hi-\u0259hli-al\u0259m, Etdin f\u00fcs\u0259hayi-\u0259c\u0259mi \u0130sad\u0259m, B\u0259n t\u00fcrkz\u0259bandan iltifat eyl\u0259m\u0259 k\u0259m. F\u00fczuli   F\u00fczulinin t\u00fcrkc\u0259\u00e7iliyi.\u00a0F\u00fczuli K\u0259rb\u0259lada ya\u015fayan q\u00f6vmda\u015flar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn (h\u0259m d\u0259 yaln\u0131z K\u0259rb\u0259lada deyil) \u0130mam H\u00fcseyn m\u00fcsib\u0259ti bar\u0259d\u0259 anadilli bir kitab ba\u011flamaq q\u0259rar\u0131na g\u0259lmi\u015fdi. \u018fr\u0259b v\u0259 fars dill\u0259rind\u0259ki dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131 anlamayanlar ona \u00fcz tutub: “Ey p\u0259rv\u0259rdeyi-xani-nem\u0259ti-feyzi-\u015eahi-K\u0259rb\u0259la F\u00fczuliyi-m\u00fcbt\u0259la, nola g\u0259r, bir t\u0259rzi-m\u00fcc\u0259dd\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259re […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13513,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3,21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20299"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=20299"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20299\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20301,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20299\/revisions\/20301"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13513"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=20299"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=20299"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=20299"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}