{"id":7276,"date":"2014-12-11T20:22:54","date_gmt":"2014-12-11T16:22:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=7276"},"modified":"2014-12-11T20:22:54","modified_gmt":"2014-12-11T16:22:54","slug":"sujet-v%c9%99-xarakter-n%c9%99z%c9%99ri-bilikl%c9%99r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=7276","title":{"rendered":"S\u00fcjet v\u0259 xarakter (n\u0259z\u0259ri bilikl\u0259r)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"sufi\"<\/a><\/p>\n

S\u00fcjet v\u0259 xarakter\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n

S\u00fcjet \u0259s\u0259rd\u0259ki m\u00fch\u00fcm hadis\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259ks etdir\u0259n dramatik m\u00fcbariz\u0259l\u0259rin m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ridir. S\u00fcjet q\u0131sa v\u0259 ya geni\u015f \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ola bil\u0259r. Bu sah\u0259d\u0259 he\u00e7 bir m\u0259hdudluq yoxdur. Geni\u015f \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 verilmi\u015f s\u00fcjet ad\u0259t\u0259n fabula adlan\u0131r. S\u00fcjetin qurulu\u015funda v\u0259 inlki\u015faf\u0131nda h\u0259m bilavasit\u0259 s\u0259hn\u0259d\u0259 c\u0259r\u0259yan ed\u0259n v\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 s\u0259hn\u0259d\u0259n k\u0259nardak\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259r ard\u0131c\u0131l sur\u0259td\u0259 verilm\u0259sinin m\u00fch\u00fcm \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259ti vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

S\u00fcjetin qurulu\u015funda hans\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259rin bilavasit\u0259 s\u0259hn\u0259d\u0259 c\u0259r\u0259yan edilm\u0259sinin v\u0259 hans\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 tama\u015fa\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 dialoq vasit\u0259sil\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f etm\u0259yi m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k z\u0259ruru m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 pyesin janr\u0131 v\u0259 \u00fcslubu il\u0259, ikincisi kompozisiya qurulu\u015fu il\u0259, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc is\u0259\u00a0 h\u0259min s\u0259hn\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259zmunlu dialoqlar\u0131n geni\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259sinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc v\u0259 qeyri-m\u00fcmk\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc il\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n\u00a0 olunur.<\/p>\n

V.H\u00fcqo b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fch\u00fcm hadis\u0259l\u0259rin s\u0259hn\u0259d\u0259 c\u0259r\u0259yan\u00a0 edilm\u0259sini t\u0259l\u0259b edirdi. Skrib is\u0259, onun \u0259ksin\u0259 olaraq i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n m\u0259lumatlar\u0131ndan bacar\u0131qla istifad\u0259 edirdi.<\/p>\n

S\u00fcjet-fabulan\u0131 \u015f\u0259rh ed\u0259rk\u0259n \u00fcmumi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 olsa da \u0259s\u0259rin ideyas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnki art\u0131q \u0259s\u0259rin plan\u0131nda onun ideyas\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015fdur v\u0259 ideyadan k\u0259nar olan fabula biz\u0259\u00a0 h\u0259l\u0259 he\u00e7 bir \u015fey demir v\u0259 he\u00e7 bir \u015fey haqq\u0131nda da m\u0259lumat vermir. Fabulan\u0131n \u015f\u0259rhi zaman\u0131 \u00fcmumi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 d\u0259 olsa bel\u0259, xarakterik momentl\u0259r\u0259 toxunulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsana xas olan hissin, irad\u0259nin v\u0259 z\u0259kan\u0131n m\u0259cmuunu xarakter adland\u0131r\u0131r\u0131q. Ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259\u00a0 des\u0259k, xarakter insana xas olan hissin, irad\u0259nin v\u0259 z\u0259kan\u0131n m\u0259cmuudur. Xarakter psixoloji anlay\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. H\u0259r bir obraz \u00f6zl\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259 xarakterdir v\u0259 bunu\u00a0 da estetik planda g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fckd\u0259, – obraz estetik anlay\u0131\u015f olur. \u0130yr\u0259nc, murdar, al\u00e7aq xarakterli adamlar\u0131n obrazlar\u0131 da olduqca maraql\u0131 obraz ola bil\u0259r. N\u0259hay\u0259t, “rol” s\u0259hn\u0259 obrazlar\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fc\u0259llif t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n verilmi\u015f xarakter-obrazd\u0131r<\/p>\n

Xarakter-obraz dramatik \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 t\u0259sird\u0259, m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259\u00a0 tama\u015fa\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259yacanland\u0131ran hadis\u0259l\u0259rin ax\u0131n\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f edir. Xarakter-obrazlar fabula il\u0259, dramatik hadis\u0259 v\u0259 situasiyalarla ayr\u0131lmaz sur\u0259td\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r;\u00a0 xarakterl\u0259r q\u0259ti konfliktl\u0259rd\u0259,\u00a0 toqqu\u015fmalarda v\u0259 ba\u015fqa s\u0131naqlarda inki\u015faf edir.<\/p>\n

Dramatik \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259ki s\u00fcjet-fabulan\u0131n z\u0259ruri momenti i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259ridir. Bu h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259r\u00a0 dramda hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7evrilirl\u0259r. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n d\u0259 bir s\u0131ra h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259r\u00a0 i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n xarakteristikas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edir. \u0130\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n xarakterini\u00a0 d\u0259yi\u015fdikd\u0259 onlar\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259ri d\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fir v\u0259 pyesin yeni s\u00fcjeti yaran\u0131r. V\u0259 yaxud \u0259ksin\u0259, s\u00fcjeti, pyesin \u0259sas hadis\u0259l\u0259rini d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259nd\u0259 – i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n xarakteri d\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fir.<\/p>\n

Fabula xarakterd\u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcmd\u00fcr, ilkindir. H\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259 \u0259s\u0259r b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckd\u0259 bizi maraqland\u0131rmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259qiyy\u0259tli xarakterl\u0259r \u00fcmumi qurulu\u015fun z\u0259ifliyini gost\u0259r\u0259 bilm\u0259z. Lakin relyef xarakterl\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259si olmayan dramatik fabula b\u0259dii ger\u00e7\u0259klikd\u0259n m\u0259hrumdur.<\/p>\n

\u018fg\u0259r\u00a0 dramaturq s\u00fcjetin qurulu\u015funda t\u0259zah\u00fcr edilm\u0259y\u0259n xarakter cizgil\u0259rini g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 \u00fczv\u00fc sur\u0259rd\u0259 inki\u015faf ed\u0259n konfliktl\u0259rd\u0259n k\u0259nar x\u00fcsusi, ayr\u0131ca bir s\u0259hn\u0259 yarad\u0131rsa, o zaman dram\u0131n \u00fcmumi kompozisiyas\u0131n\u0131 pozmu\u015f olur.Ad\u0259t\u0259n dramaturq b\u0259zi rollar\u0131\u00a0 t\u0259xmin\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirir v\u0259 pyesin art\u0131q bir hiss\u0259sini yazd\u0131qda h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin \u00fcmumi inki\u015faf\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daha xarakterik olan cizgil\u0259ri qeyd edir. Bu halda dramaturq pyesin ba\u015fal\u011f\u0131c\u0131na qay\u0131d\u0131r ki, bu cuzgil\u0259r d\u0259 konfliktin sonrak\u0131 inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirir.<\/p>\n

Xarakter konfliktin inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131, personajlar\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259rini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirir.<\/p>\n

Lakin \u00fcmumi kompozisiyada n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015f h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t v\u0259 situasiyalar xarakterin istiqam\u0259tini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirir.<\/p>\n

Xarakter-situasiyalar\u0131n, xarakter-hadis\u0259l\u0259rin h\u0259r bir d\u0259yi\u015fikliyi, b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 \u0259s\u0259rin ideyas\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259yi\u015film\u0259sin\u0259 g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u018fg\u0259r dramatik \u0259s\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi h\u0259yat\u0131n b\u00fct\u00f6v t\u0259sirli prosesi \u0259ks olunursa, o zaman b\u00fct\u00f6v h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 qabil\u00a0 olan xarakterl\u0259ri \u0259ks etdirir. Aristotel xarakterin b\u00fct\u00f6v \u0259ksini t\u0259l\u0259b edirdi. Lakin d\u00fcnyada \u00f6z mahiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 b\u00fct\u00f6v, m\u0259qs\u0259dli xarakterli insanlar \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil edirl\u0259r; h\u0259r halda bel\u0259 adamlar dramda c\u0259r\u0259yan ed\u0259n hadis\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 apar\u0131c\u0131 rol oynay\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Lakin dram\u0131n q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131 \u00f6z c\u0259hdind\u0259 n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r m\u0259qs\u0259dli\u00a0 olsa da,\u00a0 drama k\u0259skin sars\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u0259ks etdirdiyind\u0259n\u00a0 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259s\u0259r boyu onun m\u0259n\u0259vi obraz\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015filir. Be\u015finci p\u0259rd\u0259d\u0259ki Kral lir birinci p\u0259rd\u0259d\u0259ki deyil. B\u0259z\u0259n d\u0259 bel\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015film\u0259nin xarakterinin t\u0259hrif olundu\u011funu m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k \u00e7\u0259tindir.<\/p>\n

Dramatik inki\u015faf prosesind\u0259 xarakter yeni v\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259nilm\u0259z cizgil\u0259ri b\u00fcruz\u0259 vers\u0259 d\u0259, o \u0259sas etibaril\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 sadiq qal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1.Realist\u00a0xarakteristika.\u00a0<\/strong>Dram \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 xarakter problemi realizm problemi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnki realizm tipik \u015f\u0259raitl\u0259rd\u0259 tipik xarakterl\u0259rin \u0259ksi dem\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n

T\u0259kc\u0259 m\u00f6vcud c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hadis\u0259l\u0259r deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259lik geni\u015f yay\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, amma art\u0131q k\u00f6k salm\u0131\u015f xarakterik hadis\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259 tipikdir. M\u00fcsb\u0259t v\u0259 ya m\u0259nfi tipik hadis\u0259ni a\u015fkar ed\u0259r\u0259k,\u00a0 ona t\u0259r\u0259fdar \u00e7\u0131xaraq v\u0259 ya onu inkar\u00a0 ed\u0259r\u0259k, m\u00fc\u0259llif \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ictimai-siyasi tendensiyas\u0131n\u0131 ifad\u0259 edir.<\/p>\n

Xarakterin b\u0259dii tipikl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 \u0259sas\u0131nda ba\u015f verir.Realizm h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259 uy\u011funlu\u011fu, ger\u00e7\u0259kliyi axtar\u0131r. H\u0259l\u0259 Aristotel ger\u00e7\u0259kliyin t\u0259qlidi haqq\u0131nda yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Realist dramaturq tarixi m\u00f6vzunu i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259rk\u0259n onun m\u00fcasir tama\u015fa\u00e7\u0131lar v\u0259 m\u00fcasir aktyorlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 dramaturq t\u0259sad\u00fcfi faktlar\u0131 k\u0259nara ataraq, \u0259sil tarixi faktlar\u0131n, sinfi m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na c\u0259hd ed\u0259r\u0259k, xarakter v\u0259 situasiyalar\u0131 modernl\u0259\u015fdirir, m\u00fcasirliy\u0259 uy\u011funlu\u011fu axtar\u0131r. Bu bir \u00e7ox t\u0259nqid\u00e7il\u0259rin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi, “maskarad” deyildir. Dramaturq ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259 olmu\u015flar\u0131 \u2013 sinfi\u00a0 m\u0259nafel\u0259r m\u00fcbariz\u0259sinin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc, m\u00fcasir ideyalar\u0131n \u0259m\u0259l\u0259\u00a0 g\u0259lm\u0259sini a\u015fkar edir. M\u00fcmk\u00fcn modernl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259mi\u015f s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259r qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259ndir, d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259ndir. Burada bir \u00e7ox m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r tarixi hissiyyatla v\u0259 dramaturqun b\u0259dii \u00fcslubu il\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fir, burada \u00fcmumi m\u00fctl\u0259q qanunlar ola bilm\u0259z.<\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u0259llif\u0259 m\u00fcasir olan d\u00f6vr dramaturqu m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n ideyalar dair\u0259sin\u0259 daxil edir v\u0259 r\u0259ssaml\u0131qda, romanda, dramda t\u0259c\u0259ss\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6zl\u0259y\u0259n real xarakterl\u0259ri yarad\u0131r. Xarakterl\u0259r is\u0259, qeyd etdiyimiz kimi, m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n situasiyalarla, \u015f\u0259raitl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r, s\u00fcjetl\u0259r bel\u0259 yaran\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Realist drama m\u00fc\u0259llif\u0259 m\u00fcasir ger\u00e7\u0259kliyin bilm\u0259sini t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Lakin n\u0259 foto\u015f\u0259kil v\u0259 n\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcfi zarisovkalar, n\u0259 rasional m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259l\u0259r b\u0259dii realist obrazlar\u0131 yaratma\u011fa qadir deyildir. B\u0259dii tipikl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 ideya-emisional fikrin ifad\u0259sidir. V\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyildir ki, bir \u00e7ox klassik \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r o d\u00f6vr\u00fcn t\u0259nqidi t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n xo\u015fluqla qar\u015f\u0131lanmam\u0131\u015f, h\u0259min \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri ger\u00e7\u0259kliyin t\u0259hrifi kimi qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirmi\u015fl\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, h\u0259min t\u0259nqid\u00e7il\u0259r N.V.Qoqolun “M\u00fcf\u0259tti\u015f” \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 tipikliyi inkar ed\u0259r\u0259k, onu anekdot, l\u0259tif\u0259 adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar. Eyni zamanda da h\u0259min t\u0259nqid\u00e7il\u0259r iddia edirdil\u0259r ki, Ostrovski \u00f6z pyesl\u0259rini zamoskvare\u00e7ye(Moskva \u00e7ay\u0131 arxas\u0131) tacirl\u0259rinin m\u0259i\u015f\u0259tl\u0259rini, h\u0259yat t\u0259rzl\u0259rini d\u00fczg\u00fcn ifad\u0259 etmir. Bel\u0259 t\u0259nqid\u00e7il\u0259r m\u00fc\u0259llifin m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259\u00e7i il\u0259 deyil, onun fikri v\u0259 hissiyyat\u0131 il\u0259,onun satirik v\u0259 ya patetik m\u00fcbali\u011f\u0259si il\u0259 m\u00fcbahis\u0259 edirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

\u015e\u00fcurlu \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 b\u0259dii tipikl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259y\u0259, xasiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin realist t\u0259svirin\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llif c\u0259hdi \u00f6z ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 antik faci\u0259d\u0259n al\u0131r. Art\u0131q antik faci\u0259nin Sofokl v\u0259 Evripid kimi s\u0259n\u0259tkarlar\u0131nda v\u0259 antik komediyan\u0131n Aristofan, Plavt, Terensi v\u0259 ba\u015fqa n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rinin komediyalar\u0131nda realist cizgil\u0259r tap\u0131r\u0131q.<\/p>\n

Art\u0131q Aristofan\u0131n komediyalar\u0131nda g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fcz kimi, realist xarakteristika k\u0259skin \u015fi\u015firtm\u0259 il\u0259 tamamil\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015f\u0131r. Bu h\u0259l\u0259 azd\u0131r, dramatik s\u0259n\u0259tin realist zirv\u0259sind\u0259, tragediyada oldu\u011fu kimi, komediyada da obraz-xarakterl\u0259r h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 m\u00fcbali\u011f\u0259lidir. Onlar\u0131n arzular\u0131 v\u0259 hissiyyatlar\u0131, onlar\u0131n davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 v\u0259 onlar\u0131n bizim qar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda ba\u015f ver\u0259n \u015f\u0259raitl\u0259rd\u0259 meydana g\u0259lm\u0259l\u0259ri m\u00fcbali\u011f\u0259lidir. Klassik realist \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin\u00a0 personajlar\u0131n\u0131n dili m\u00fcbali\u011f\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcbali\u011f\u0259 tipikl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259ni g\u00fccl\u0259ndirir, obraz el\u0259 bir ifad\u0259 verir ki, o, bizim yadda\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda h\u0259yatda qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z adamlar\u0131n sur\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n bel\u0259 art\u0131q d\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fir.<\/p>\n

Lakin realist dramadak\u0131 m\u00fcbali\u011f\u0259 il\u0259 romantik dramadak\u0131 m\u00fcbali\u011f\u0259 aras\u0131nda mahiyy\u0259t etibaril\u0259 f\u0259rq vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Realist dramda m\u00fcbali\u011f\u0259 b\u0259dii tipikl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259nin ifad\u0259 vasit\u0259sidir, h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259 uy\u011funluq \u015fi\u015firdirilmi\u015fdir<\/p>\n

Romantik dramada is\u0259 m\u00fcbali\u011f\u0259 art\u0131q ifad\u0259 vasit\u0259si deyil, bilavasit\u0259 m\u00f6vzudur, ifad\u0259 vasit\u0259sidir. Buna, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, V.H\u00fcqonun “Ernani” dramas\u0131 n\u00fcmun\u0259 ola bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

\u018fsil b\u0259dii realizmd\u0259 tipiklik f\u0259rdi xarakter il\u0259 ayr\u0131lmaz sur\u0259td\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r; s\u0259n\u0259tkar \u00fcmumini x\u00fcsusi vasit\u0259sil\u0259, abstrakt\u0131 konkret, kollektivliyi f\u0259rdilik vasit\u0259sil\u0259 verir. Dramaturq\u00a0 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u00fchit \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutdu\u011fu tipik obraz\u0131n xarakteristikas\u0131n\u0131 onun b\u00fct\u00fcn f\u0259rdilikl\u0259ri il\u0259, konkret x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yir.<\/p>\n

2. Xarakteristikan\u0131n\u00a0iki\u00a0 n\u00f6v\u00fc.\u00a0<\/strong>Xarakteristikan\u0131n iki n\u00f6v\u00fc vard\u0131r.\u00a0 Birincisi:\u00a0 xarakter b\u00fct\u00f6v olaraq oxucu v\u0259 ya tama\u015fa\u00e7\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259dric\u0259n a\u00e7\u0131la bil\u0259r . Ad\u0259t\u0259n dramaturq-psixoloqlar xarakteristikan\u0131 bel\u0259 apar\u0131rlar. Bunun \u0259ksin\u0259 olan xarakteristikan\u0131n ikinci n\u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fc biz\u00a0 “c o m m e d i a\u00a0 d e l l\u00a0 a r t e “d\u0259 tap\u0131r\u0131q Burada i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131lar t\u0259kc\u0259\u00a0 b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckl\u0259ri il\u0259 deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 xarakterl\u0259rin haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nirl\u0259r. Bir \u00e7ox q\u0259hr\u0259manl\u0131q dramlarda bu x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259t vard\u0131r. Bel\u0259 dramlarda art\u0131q q\u0259hr\u0259manla ilk g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fd\u0259n onun xarakteristikas\u0131 ayd\u0131n olur. Q\u0259hr\u0259manl\u0131q\u00a0 dramas\u0131nda h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin maraql\u0131, patetik m\u00fcbali\u011f\u0259d\u0259, co\u015f\u011fun \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259l\u0259n, \u00e7\u0259tin v\u0259 k\u0259skin s\u0259hn\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259tind\u0259, a\u011flas\u0131\u011fmaz s\u0259ddl\u0259rin aradan g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259sind\u0259dir.”C o m\u00a0 m e d i a\u00a0\u00a0 d e l l\u00a0 a r t e”d\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t maraql\u0131\u00a0 fabula inki\u015faf\u0131nda, a\u011flas\u0131\u011fmaz s\u0259hn\u0259\u00a0 v\u0259ziyy\u0259tind\u0259dir.<\/p>\n

Realist, m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t v\u0259 psixoloji drama\u00a0 “commedia dell arte”d\u0259n bel\u0259 “haz\u0131r” xarakteristika metodlar\u0131n\u0131 irs\u0259n ikinci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li personajlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

3. Xarakteristikan\u0131n\u00a0 t\u0259hlili.\u00a0<\/strong>Biz xarakteri onun ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 t\u0259zah\u00fcrl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdiririk, lakin bu h\u0259min ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 xarakter t\u0259zah\u00fcrl\u0259rinin\u00a0 \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn xarakter haqq\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00f6v anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z vasit\u0259sil\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdiririk. Dram q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259ri onun xarakteristikas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirir. V\u0259 \u0259ksin\u0259 olaraq bu xarakteristika vasit\u0259sil\u0259 onun ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 s\u00f6zl\u0259rini v\u0259 davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdiririk. M\u0259ntiqi olaraq, yalan\u00e7\u0131, aldad\u0131c\u0131 dair\u0259 yaran\u0131r, dram q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131n\u0131n ilk s\u00f6zl\u0259rini v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rini biz ikili m\u0259nada qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndiririk.<\/p>\n

Birincisi, f\u0259rdi, ayr\u0131ca h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t, ayr\u0131ca arzu kimi, ikincisi, is\u0259 d\u0259rhal tapma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00fcmumi xarakteristikan\u0131n t\u0259zah\u00fcr\u00fc kimi.<\/p>\n

Drama, \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259tl\u0259, x\u00fcsusi \u2013 b\u00fct\u00f6v xarakterl\u0259ri x\u00fcsusi v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259svir edir. Dram\u0131n q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131 bizim qar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda m\u0259qs\u0259dli, irad\u0259li c\u0259hdin fasil\u0259siz ax\u0131n\u0131nda bizim qar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda durur. Onun ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 replika v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259ti vahid h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin vahid x\u0259ttin\u0259 qovu\u015fur. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, dramatik q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131n xarakteri \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn vahid h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti il\u0259 m\u0259hduddur.<\/p>\n

\u018fg\u0259r m\u00fc\u0259llif dram\u0131n i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif v\u0259 \u00e7\u0259tin s\u0131naqlardan ke\u00e7irirs\u0259, o zaman xarakter geni\u015f v\u0259 d\u0259rin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r, xarakter m\u00fcxt\u0259lif keyfiyy\u0259t k\u0259sb\u00a0 edir; o m\u00fcxt\u0259lif c\u0259hdl\u0259rd\u0259n g\u00f6st\u0259rilir.<\/p>\n

Lakin xarakteristika konkret t\u0259zah\u00fcrl\u0259rl\u0259 t\u0259hrif edilm\u0259m\u0259lidir.Obraz-xarakter \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn dramatik inki\u015faf\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00f6v qalmal\u0131d\u0131r. Vahid h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t obraz-xarakterin \u0259sas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Aktyor pyesl\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olark\u0259n s\u0259hn\u0259\u00a0 obraz\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259rt\u0259t\u0259fli i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn material axtar\u0131r. M\u0259lumdur ki, eyni bir rolu m\u00fcxt\u0259lif aktyorlar oynam\u0131\u015flar v\u0259 onlar\u0131n h\u0259r biri d\u0259 h\u0259min rolu \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus ifad\u0259 etmi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

—-\u00a0\u00a0 —-\u00a0\u00a0 —-<\/p>\n

Xarakteristikan\u0131n t\u0259hlilind\u0259 biz h\u0259r \u015feyd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l m\u00fc\u0259llifin ideyas\u0131n\u0131, onun \u00fcslubunu v\u0259 janr\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259liyik. Lakin ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 xarakterl\u0259rin t\u0259hlili b\u00f6y\u00fck spesifik \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259ri m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259 bil\u0259r. Dram \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 dramaturq ba\u015fqa personajlarla qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259td\u0259, dramatik m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259\u00a0 g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n

\n

Yaz\u0131ya 1193 d\u0259f\u0259 bax\u0131l\u0131b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u00fcjet v\u0259 xarakter\u00a0 S\u00fcjet \u0259s\u0259rd\u0259ki m\u00fch\u00fcm hadis\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259ks etdir\u0259n dramatik m\u00fcbariz\u0259l\u0259rin m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ridir. S\u00fcjet q\u0131sa v\u0259 ya geni\u015f \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ola bil\u0259r. Bu sah\u0259d\u0259 he\u00e7 bir m\u0259hdudluq yoxdur. Geni\u015f \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 verilmi\u015f s\u00fcjet ad\u0259t\u0259n fabula adlan\u0131r. S\u00fcjetin qurulu\u015funda v\u0259 inlki\u015faf\u0131nda h\u0259m bilavasit\u0259 s\u0259hn\u0259d\u0259 c\u0259r\u0259yan ed\u0259n v\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 s\u0259hn\u0259d\u0259n k\u0259nardak\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259r ard\u0131c\u0131l sur\u0259td\u0259 verilm\u0259sinin m\u00fch\u00fcm \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259ti vard\u0131r. S\u00fcjetin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6033,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14,17],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7276"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7276"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7276\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7277,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7276\/revisions\/7277"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6033"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7276"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7276"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7276"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}