{"id":7882,"date":"2015-01-27T17:48:29","date_gmt":"2015-01-27T13:48:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=7882"},"modified":"2015-01-27T17:48:29","modified_gmt":"2015-01-27T13:48:29","slug":"mehmet-rihtim-prof-dr-sirvandan-anadoluya-axan-irfan-n%c9%99hri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=7882","title":{"rendered":"Mehmet RIHTIM (PROF.DR) –\u015e\u0130RVANDAN ANADOLUYA AXAN \u0130RFAN N\u018fHR\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"10525644_870063553037944_6570094359930094832_n\"<\/a>N\u018fQ\u015e\u0130B\u018fND\u0130 T\u018fR\u0130Q\u018fT\u0130N\u0130N TAR\u0130X\u0130 K\u00d6KL\u018fR\u0130<\/a><\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan-\u015eirvan k\u00fclt\u00fcr co\u011frafiyas\u0131 tarix boyunca Anadolunu b\u0259sl\u0259y\u0259n elm, s\u0259n\u0259t v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t qaynaqlar\u0131m\u0131zdan biri olmu\u015fdur. S\u0259lcuqlu v\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u0259sl\u0259ndiyi qaynaq b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rin ba\u015f\u0131nda Xorasandan sonra Az\u0259rbaycan g\u0259lir. T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf tariximizd\u0259 silinm\u0259z izl\u0259r buraxan \u015e\u0259msi T\u0259brizi, \u018fxi Evran, Geyik Baba, Nem\u0259tullah Nax\u00e7uvani, G\u00fcl\u015f\u0259hri, Sinan\u0259ddin \u018frd\u0259bili, N\u0259qqa\u015f Ata, \u018fbd\u00fclm\u0259cid \u015eirvani, \u0130smay\u0131l \u015eirvani, Mir H\u0259mz\u0259 Nigari kimi arifl\u0259r bu b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259n Anadoluya hicr\u0259t etmi\u015fl\u0259r. H\u0259m\u00e7inin Bak\u0131 v\u0259 \u018frd\u0259bild\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k burada Seyid Y\u0259hya \u015eirvani, S\u0259dr\u0259ddin v\u0259 Hoca \u018fli \u018frd\u0259bili kimi m\u00fcr\u015fidl\u0259rin m\u0259na iqlimind\u0259 yeti\u015f\u0259n H\u0259mid\u00fcddin V\u0259li, B\u0259ha\u0259ddin \u018frzincani, D\u0259d\u0259 \u00d6m\u0259r R\u00f6v\u015f\u0259ni, H\u0259bib Qaramani \u018fla\u0259ddin Rumi kimi haqq a\u015fiql\u0259ri, Anadolunu m\u0259n\u0259n f\u0259th etmi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

X\u018fLV\u018fT\u0130L\u0130Y\u0130N MEMARLARI<\/p>\n

S\u00fchr\u0259verdilik, \u018fbh\u0259rilik v\u0259 Zahidilik t\u0259riq\u0259tl\u0259rinin bir davam\u0131 olaraq XIII \u0259srin sonlar\u0131nda \u015eirvanda t\u0259sis edil\u0259n X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin tarixi t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl prosesi ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131qda, bu t\u0259riq\u0259tin qurulu\u015funda d\u0259rin t\u0259sirl\u0259ri olan d\u00f6rd b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u0259na memar\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r ki, bunlar:
\n\u018fbun-N\u0259cib \u018fbd\u00fclqadir S\u00fchr\u0259verdi (v. 563\/1168), \u0130brahim Zahid Gilani (v. 681\/1282), \u00d6m\u0259r X\u0259lv\u0259ti (v.750\/1350) v\u0259 Seyid Y\u0259hya \u015eirvanidir (v.1464). Bu d\u00f6rd \u015feyxin h\u0259yat tarix\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0131sa bir n\u0259z\u0259r salsaq g\u00f6r\u0259rik ki, S\u0259lcuqlular d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkirl\u0259rind\u0259n \u018fbd\u00fclqahir S\u00fchr\u0259verdi, Z\u0259ncan yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndak\u0131 S\u00fchr\u0259verd diyar\u0131ndan bir \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck alim, filosof, sufi v\u0259 x\u0259ttat kimi nadiri-fitr\u0259t \u00e7\u0131xarm\u0131\u015f bir ail\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259nsub b\u00f6y\u00fck bir \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tdir. Ba\u011fdad\u0131n Nizamiyy\u0259 m\u0259dr\u0259s\u0259sind\u0259 h\u0259m t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u00fcd\u0259rrislik ed\u0259n \u015eeyx \u018fbun-N\u0259cib, b\u0259z\u0259n qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 maddi \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda saqal\u0131q (su satan; su\u00e7u) ed\u0259r\u0259k elm-irfan xidm\u0259tind\u0259n uzaq qalmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. M\u0259\u015fhur sufi, \u015eihab\u0259ddin \u018fbu Hafs \u00d6m\u0259r S\u00fchr\u0259verdinin h\u0259m \u0259misi, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u00fcr\u015fidi olmaqla yana\u015f\u0131 \u0130\u015fraqi f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259nin qurucusu \u015eihab\u0259ddin Y\u0259hya S\u00fchr\u0259verdi (M\u0259qtul) il\u0259 d\u0259 qohumdur. \u015eeyx \u018fbun-N\u0259cibin yeti\u015fdirdiyi m\u0259na sultanlar\u0131 \u00d6m\u0259r S\u00fchr\u0259verdi, S\u00fchr\u0259verdiyy\u0259 t\u0259riq\u0259tini Ba\u011fdadda, Q\u00fctb\u0259ddin \u018fbh\u0259ri (v.622\/1225) is\u0259 \u018fbh\u0259rilik t\u0259riq\u0259tini \u015eamda t\u0259sis ed\u0259c\u0259kdir.
\nElmi t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf\u00fcn n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri olaraq islam dininin l\u0259dunni m\u0259na \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259msil ed\u0259n bu alim-sufi \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259r, Hindistandan Anadoluya, Az\u0259rbaycandan Afrikaya q\u0259d\u0259r yay\u0131lan irfan m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin t\u0259sisind\u0259 \u00f6nc\u00fcl olmu\u015flar. \u018fbh\u0259riyy\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259bi, bu b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259ki s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rini R\u00fckn\u0259ddin Sincasi (v. 628\/1230?) v\u0259 \u015eihab\u0259ddin T\u0259brizi (v. 702\/1302?) il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda davam etdirmi\u015f, T\u0259brizli Seyid C\u0259mal\u0259ddin (v. 652\/1255?) il\u0259 Araz \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n k\u0259nar\u0131na, y\u0259ni C\u0259nubi Qafqaza ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin toxumlar\u0131n\u0131 bu b\u00f6lg\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259pmi\u015fdir. Seyyid C\u0259mal\u0259ddinin yeti\u015fdirdiyi \u0130brahim Zahid Gilani, L\u0259nk\u0259ran\u0131n Siyav\u0259rud diyar\u0131nda do\u011fulmu\u015fdur. Son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 t\u0259qva v\u0259 z\u00f6hd i\u00e7ind\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn zahid dey\u0259 adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u015feyx, X\u0259lv\u0259tilik v\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259viliyin atas\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r. S\u0259fi\u0259ddin \u018frd\u0259bili v\u0259 \u018fxi M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d X\u0259lv\u0259tinin m\u00fc\u0259llimi olan bu b\u00f6y\u00fck sufi, X\u0259lv\u0259tilik v\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vilik t\u0259riq\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fcr\u015fidi-amm [\u0259sas m\u00fcr\u015fidi\/ba\u015f m\u00fcr\u015fidi] olaraq q\u0259bul edilir. \u00c7\u00fcnki bu iki t\u0259riq\u0259tin \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm amili olan “\u018fsmayi-s\u0259ba” zikrini, y\u0259ni Allah\u0131n yeddi ad\u0131 il\u0259 seyri-s\u00fcluk prinsipini ilk t\u0259tbiq ed\u0259n odur. \u015eafii m\u0259zh\u0259bin\u0259 m\u0259nsub olan \u015feyxin biri L\u0259nk\u0259ran\u0131n \u015e\u0131xak\u0259ran k\u0259ndind\u0259, dig\u0259ri is\u0259 Gilan\u0131n Lahican diyar\u0131nda iki q\u0259bri vard\u0131r v\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 ziyar\u0259tgahd\u0131r.
\n\u0130brahim Zahidin x\u0259lif\u0259si \u018fxi M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d (v.713\/1313) X\u0259lv\u0259ti ad\u0131n\u0131 alan ilk \u015feyxdir. L\u0259nk\u0259ran v\u0259 ya Lahicanda yeti\u015fdikd\u0259n sonra Xar\u0259zm\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rilir. Orada xidm\u0259t etdiyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Xar\u0259zm X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyinin qurucusu q\u0259bul edilir. X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin piri \u018fbu Abdullah \u00d6m\u0259r X\u0259lv\u0259tini \u00f6z\u00fc il\u0259 apararaq burada yeti\u015fdirir. H\u0259r ikisi d\u0259 \u015eirvan\u0131n m\u0259\u015fhur \u015eeyxzad\u0259l\u0259r n\u0259slind\u0259ndir.<\/p>\n

P\u0130R\u0130-\u018fVV\u018fL \u00d6M\u018fR X\u018fLV\u018fT\u0130 H\u018fZR\u018fTL\u018fR\u0130<\/p>\n

Dig\u0259r t\u0259riq\u0259t pirl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 X\u0259lv\u0259ti pirinin h\u0259yat\u0131 haqq\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar daha az v\u0259 m\u00fcbh\u0259mdir. Bel\u0259 ki, Pir \u00d6m\u0259rin do\u011fuldu\u011fu, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 v\u0259fat etdiyi yerl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumatlar ziddiyy\u0259tli, h\u0259tta q\u0259brinin yeri d\u0259 tam olaraq m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n deyil.
\nT\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf\u0259 intisab\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olan hadis\u0259ni Hulvi \u201cL\u0259m\u0259zat\u201d adl\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 bel\u0259 n\u0259ql edir. \u201cG\u0259ncliyind\u0259 at minm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 h\u0259rb\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck mara\u011f\u0131 olub bu s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259 b\u0259z\u0259n h\u0259rbi s\u0259f\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 i\u015ftirak ed\u0259rmi\u015f. Bir d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fd\u0259 birliyi m\u0259\u011flub olar v\u0259 h\u0259r k\u0259s kimi o da can\u0131n\u0131 qurtarmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qa\u00e7ark\u0259n pusquya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. \u00d6l\u00fcml\u0259 \u00fcz-\u00fcz\u0259 g\u0259ldiyi anda bir hal g\u0259lir, c\u0259ddinin ruhaniyy\u0259ti qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda peyda olaraq ona xitab\u0259n: “Ey \u00d6m\u0259r! Ya yolumuzda olarsan ya da bu quldur s\u0259nin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 k\u0259s\u0259r!” deyir. \u00d6m\u0259r X\u0259lv\u0259ti, irfan yolunu se\u00e7diyini bildir\u0259r\u0259k \u0259cdad\u0131n\u0131n ruhaniyy\u0259tind\u0259n aman dil\u0259yir. Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259n xilas olub b\u00fct\u00fcn gec\u0259 at s\u00fcr\u0259r\u0259k s\u0259h\u0259r vaxt\u0131 \u018fxi M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259din t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259ril\u0259 birlikd\u0259 s\u00f6hb\u0259t etdiyini yer\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131r. \u015eeyx onu “\u018flh\u0259md\u00fclillah, s\u0259ni biz\u0259 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flad\u0131lar. Biz d\u0259 s\u0259ni d\u0259rvi\u015fliy\u0259 q\u0259bul etdik” dey\u0259r\u0259k qar\u015f\u0131lay\u0131r\u2026\u201d. Bu m\u0259nqib\u0259 onun g\u0259nclik h\u0259yat\u0131 haqq\u0131nda b\u0259zi m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 ehtiva etm\u0259kd\u0259dir. M\u0259nqib\u0259d\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259n hadis\u0259nin, \u015feyxin g\u0259nclik zaman\u0131 v\u0259 m\u0259kan\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131narsa, Elxanil\u0259r d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 olmas\u0131 ehtimal daxilind\u0259dir.
\nPir \u00d6m\u0259r t\u0259bi\u0259tl\u0259 \u00e7ox yax\u0131n olan bir \u015f\u0259xsdir. Onun da\u011flarda v\u0259 me\u015f\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 ke\u00e7irdiyi x\u0259lv\u0259tl\u0259ri m\u0259\u015fhurdur. Yaln\u0131z t\u0259kk\u0259d\u0259 ibad\u0259t etm\u0259kl\u0259 kifay\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259z, tez-tez da\u011flara \u00e7\u0131xar, \u00e7\u00f6ll\u0259rd\u0259 ibad\u0259t ed\u0259r v\u0259 x\u0259lv\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilirmi\u015f. Bu \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 zikr etdiyind\u0259 da\u011flardak\u0131 qu\u015flar v\u0259 dig\u0259r heyvanlar, \u0259traf\u0131nda d\u00f6vr\u0259 vurub halqa \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259tir\u0259r\u0259k, sonuna q\u0259d\u0259r dinl\u0259rmi\u015fl\u0259r. M\u0259nqib\u0259d\u0259 onun t\u0259bi\u0259tl\u0259 i\u00e7-i\u00e7\u0259 olmas\u0131n\u0131 \u0259ks etdir\u0259n r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259r \u00e7oxdur. H\u0259tta \u015feyx olmas\u0131nda da bel\u0259 bir hadis\u0259 r\u0259vay\u0259t edilir ki, \u018fxi M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259din v\u0259fat\u0131ndan sonra \u015feyxin v\u0259siyy\u0259tin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq m\u00fcridl\u0259ri, \u00d6m\u0259r X\u0259lv\u0259tiy\u0259 tabe olmaq ist\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r. \u00d6m\u0259r X\u0259lv\u0259ti bu t\u0259klifi r\u0259dd ed\u0259r\u0259k bir \u00e7ox d\u0259f\u0259 etdiyi kimi da\u011flara ged\u0259r v\u0259 bir a\u011fac ko\u011fu\u015funda x\u0259lv\u0259t\u0259 gir\u0259r. Ancaq bu s\u0131rada qa\u00e7an o\u011frular\u0131 tutma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan m\u00fchafizl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n orada gizl\u0259ndiyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259k o\u011fru z\u0259nn edilib h\u0259bs olunar. Edam edil\u0259c\u0259yi \u0259snada kim oldu\u011fu ayd\u0131n olar v\u0259 s\u0259rb\u0259st burax\u0131lar. Bu hadis\u0259nin ilahi bir x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q oldu\u011funu anlayan Pir \u00d6m\u0259r d\u0259rgaha g\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 m\u0259qama ke\u00e7\u0259r.
\nYolunun X\u0259lv\u0259tilik adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bi d\u0259 x\u0259lv\u0259t\u0259 olan d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259ndir. X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin b\u0259zi \u00fcsullar\u0131 v\u0259 x\u0259lv\u0259ti tac\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u0259kli onun t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n se\u00e7ilib t\u0259yin edilmi\u015fdir. R\u0259vay\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, q\u0131rx d\u0259f\u0259 \u0259rb\u0259ini tamamlad\u0131qdan sonra ba\u015f\u0131na m\u0259na al\u0259mind\u0259 d\u00f6rd t\u0259rk v\u0259 q\u0131rx budaql\u0131 taci-\u015f\u0259rif Allah el\u00e7isi (s.\u0259.s) t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qoydurulmu\u015fdur. Tac\u0131n \u015f\u0259klinin bir \u00e7ox \u015f\u0259rhi olsa da m\u0259\u015fhur olan\u0131, d\u00f6rd t\u0259rkin \u0130xlas sur\u0259sinin ay\u0259 say\u0131na, q\u0131rx buda\u011f\u0131n is\u0259 \u0259rb\u0259in\u0259 i\u015far\u0259 olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Pir \u00d6m\u0259r X\u0259lv\u0259ti, Xar\u0259zmd\u0259n ba\u015fqa Heri, T\u0259briz v\u0259 Xoy t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rind\u0259 olmu\u015f, bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t Misird\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f v\u0259 burada ik\u0259n yeddi d\u0259f\u0259 h\u0259cc\u0259 getmi\u015fdir. R\u0259vay\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, C\u0259lairli sultan\u0131 \u00dcveysin (1356-1375) d\u0259v\u0259ti v\u0259 xahi\u015fi il\u0259 T\u0259briz\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259rk\u0259n yolda v\u0259fat etmi\u015fdir. Pirin h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda \u015eirvana g\u0259ldiyi v\u0259 burada v\u0259fat etdiyin\u0259 dair d\u0259lill\u0259r vard\u0131r. T\u0259riq\u0259tin ondan sonrak\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 bu b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 davam etm\u0259si il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, \u015eeyx Yusuf M\u0259xdum \u015eirvani d\u0259 onun \u015eamax\u0131 yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndak\u0131 Avax\u0131l k\u0259ndind\u0259n oldu\u011funa i\u015far\u0259 etmi\u015fdir. H\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259 burada “\u00d6m\u0259r Sultan” dey\u0259 bilin\u0259n bir q\u0259brin olmas\u0131 bu ehtimal\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259tl\u0259ndirir.
\nX\u0259lv\u0259tilik irfan\u0131n\u0131 Pir \u00d6m\u0259rd\u0259n sonra \u015eirvanda davam etdir\u0259n m\u00fcr\u015fidl\u0259r ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131qla \u018fxi \u018fmr\u0259m (v.800\/1398?), \u0130zz\u0259ddin T\u00fcrkmani (v.812\/1410) v\u0259 S\u0259dr\u0259ddin \u015eirvanidir (v.826\/1423-24). \u018fxi \u018fmr\u0259m K\u0131r\u015f\u0259hird\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r v\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131 haqq\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar G\u00fcl\u015f\u0259hri il\u0259 \u00fcst-\u00fcst\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259kd\u0259dir. S\u0259dr\u0259ddinin x\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n \u0130lyas Amasi, pirda\u015f\u0131 Seyid Y\u0259hya \u015eirvanid\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin Anadoludak\u0131 n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259sidir. Onun varisl\u0259ri Amasiya v\u0259 \u0259traf\u0131nda X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyi yaym\u0131\u015flar.<\/p>\n

P\u0130R\u0130-SAN\u0130 SEY\u0130D Y\u018fHYA \u018f\u015e-\u015e\u0130RVAN\u0130 \u018fL-BAKUV\u0130<\/p>\n

X\u0259lv\u0259tilik t\u0259riq\u0259tinin formala\u015fmas\u0131 v\u0259 yay\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck pay sahibi, \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259siz ki, Piri-sani, Seyid Y\u0259hya \u0259\u015f-\u015eirvani \u0259l-Bakuvidir. Bir \u00e7ox t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n da qeyd etdiyi kimi, o, g\u0259tirdiyi yeni \u0259saslar il\u0259 X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin m\u00fcst\u0259qil bir t\u0259riq\u0259t hal\u0131na g\u0259lm\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 yay\u0131lmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdur.
\nSeyid Y\u0259hya \u015eirvani XIV \u0259srin sonlar\u0131nda \u015eamax\u0131da d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259lmi\u015fdir. Tam ad\u0131 \u0259s-Seyid C\u0259mal\u0259ddin Y\u0259hya ibn \u0259s-Seyyid B\u0259ha\u0259ddin \u0259\u015f-\u015eirvani \u0259\u015f-\u015eamax\u0131 \u0259l-Bakuvidir. N\u0259sli-paki, Museyi-Kaz\u0131m h\u0259zr\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 s\u00f6yk\u0259n\u0259n h\u0259zr\u0259ti pirin atalar\u0131 n\u0259qibl\u0259r n\u0259slind\u0259n olmu\u015fdur. Atas\u0131 B\u0259ha\u0259ddin \u0259f\u0259ndi, \u015eirvan\u015fahlar d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin n\u0259qib\u00fcl-\u0259\u015fraf\u0131 idi. U\u015faql\u0131q v\u0259 g\u0259nclik \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131nda, fiziki v\u0259 \u0259xlaqi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n \u00fcst\u00fcn x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 sahib bir insan olaraq \u0259trafda tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Dem\u0259k olar ki, h\u0259r qaynaqda onun bu y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u0259 diqq\u0259t verilmi\u015f, \u201ckamal v\u0259 camal sahibi, f\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 zahiri g\u00f6z\u0259lliyi v\u0259 batini k\u0259malat\u0131 olan b\u0259nz\u0259rsiz bir yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015fda, son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259l v\u0259 t\u0259sirli bir \u00e7\u00f6hr\u0259y\u0259 malik, q\u0131rx g\u00fcn h\u00fccr\u0259sind\u0259 x\u0259lv\u0259td\u0259 qal\u0131b \u00e7\u0131x\u0131nca, \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259 nurani bir parlaql\u0131q olar, onu g\u00f6r\u0259nl\u0259rin g\u00f6zl\u0259rini qama\u015fd\u0131rard\u0131\u201d kimi s\u00f6zl\u0259rl\u0259 v\u0259sf edilmi\u015fdir. “C\u0259mal\u0259ddin” l\u0259q\u0259bini almas\u0131 da bununla ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Hulvi \u201cL\u0259m\u0259zat”\u0131nda, Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n u\u015faql\u0131q ill\u0259rind\u0259 ba\u015f\u0131ndan ke\u00e7\u0259n bel\u0259 bir m\u0259nqib\u0259 d\u0259 n\u0259ql edir: Bir g\u00fcn anas\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 yolda ged\u0259rk\u0259n bir \u015f\u0259xs g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k \u0259lind\u0259n tutar, havaya qald\u0131rar. Onu \u00fcmm\u0259tin se\u00e7kinl\u0259ri v\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck seyidl\u0259rin oldu\u011fu m\u0259n\u0259vi bir m\u0259clis\u0259 aparar. Ortada \u015fam kimi \u0259trafa nur sa\u00e7an bir \u015f\u0259xsin yan\u0131na g\u0259lirl\u0259r. Onlardan biri o nurani \u015f\u0259xsd\u0259n Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131 ona \u0259man\u0259t etm\u0259sini t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Bunun \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131 ona t\u0259slim ed\u0259rl\u0259r. O da “S\u0259n indi anan\u0131n yan\u0131na get, vaxt\u0131 g\u0259linc\u0259 m\u0259n s\u0259ni taparam” dey\u0259r. Seyid Y\u0259hya bir anda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc anas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u0259r.
\n\u018fs\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259ki d\u0259rin elmi izahlardan Seyid Y\u0259hya h\u0259zr\u0259tl\u0259rinin yax\u015f\u0131 bir t\u0259hsil g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fc ayd\u0131n olur. \u015eamax\u0131dan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bir m\u0259lumat\u0131m\u0131z olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, t\u0259hsilini burada tamamlam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O d\u00f6vrd\u0259 burada yax\u015f\u0131 t\u0259hsil ver\u0259n m\u0259dr\u0259s\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 aliml\u0259r oldu\u011fu bilinm\u0259kd\u0259dir. “\u015e\u0259faul-\u018fsrar” adl\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 elm t\u0259hsil etdiyi d\u00f6rd m\u00fc\u0259lliminin ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kir, onlar\u0131 xeyirl\u0259 yad edir. Bunlar: \u015e\u0259ms\u0259ddin Axs\u0131k\u0259ti, Hafiz\u0259ddin \u0259l-G\u0259rd\u0259ri, Tac\u0259ddin v\u0259 Q\u00fctb\u0259ddin \u0259s-S\u0259rabidir.
\nXIV \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan-\u015eirvanda do\u011fulub \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259n\u0259n X\u0259lv\u0259tilik t\u0259riq\u0259tinin m\u0259rk\u0259zi, bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259, \u015eirvan\u015fahlar\u0131n paytaxt\u0131 \u015eamax\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 idi. X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259kk\u0259si burada idi v\u0259 m\u00fcr\u015fidi \u015eeyx S\u0259dr\u0259ddin Xiyavi d\u0259 burada ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131. Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n \u00e7ox g\u0259nc ya\u015flar\u0131nda ik\u0259n t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf il\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir hadis\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdur. Bel\u0259 ki, bir g\u00fcn yolda\u015flar\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u00e7\u00f6vkan oynayark\u0259n oradan ke\u00e7m\u0259kd\u0259 olan X\u0259lv\u0259ti d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259ri il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r. Y\u0259hya, h\u00f6rm\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k, onlar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndan ke\u00e7mir. Onu tan\u0131yan v\u0259 bu h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tind\u0259n olduqca m\u0259mnun qalan sufil\u0259r, t\u0259riq\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 girm\u0259si v\u0259 \u0259cdad\u0131 kimi vilay\u0259t sahibi olmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn dua edirl\u0259r. Gec\u0259 m\u0259na al\u0259mind\u0259 Hz. Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r (s.\u0259.s) Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n \u0259lind\u0259n tutaraq \u015eeyx S\u0259dr\u0259ddin\u0259 t\u0259slim edir v\u0259 onun bundan sonra m\u0259n\u0259vi atas\u0131 oldu\u011funu, yolunun \u00f6z yolu oldu\u011funu, bu yoldan ayr\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131 ifad\u0259 ed\u0259n t\u00f6vsiy\u0259l\u0259r verir. G\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fc yuxunun t\u0259siri il\u0259 Pirzad\u0259nin yan\u0131na ged\u0259n Seyid Y\u0259hya onun vasit\u0259sil\u0259 \u015eeyx S\u0259dr\u0259ddinin d\u0259rgah\u0131na gedir v\u0259 ona ba\u011flan\u0131b m\u00fcridi olur. Atas\u0131, \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r onun bu q\u0259rar\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xaraq sufil\u0259rl\u0259 olmas\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fcnya i\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259n mara\u011f\u0131n\u0131 k\u0259sm\u0259sini v\u0259 x\u0259lv\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259sini xo\u015f qar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131r. Onu q\u0259rar\u0131ndan da\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fsa da m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259q ola bilmir. Daha sonra \u015feyxi t\u0259hdid etm\u0259k, h\u0259tta g\u00fcc t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259sind\u0259 ik\u0259n, Y\u0259hyada g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fc hal v\u0259 \u015feyxl\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 \u0259snas\u0131nda \u015fahid oldu\u011fu hadis\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda t\u0259slim olaraq \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 \u015feyxin m\u00fcridi olur.<\/p>\n

XV \u018fSRD\u018f M\u018fNA AL\u018fM\u0130N\u0130N PAYTAXTI – BAKI<\/p>\n

Seyid Y\u0259hya uzun ill\u0259r \u015feyxinin d\u0259rsl\u0259rin\u0259 davam edir, x\u0259lv\u0259t v\u0259 zikrl\u0259r il\u0259 seyr\u00fc-s\u00fclukunu tamamlayaraq kamil v\u0259 arif bir \u015feyx olaraq yeti\u015fir. \u015eeyx S\u0259dr\u0259ddinin v\u0259fat\u0131ndan sonra m\u00fcr\u015fidinin v\u0259siyy\u0259tin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq ir\u015fad m\u0259qam\u0131na ke\u00e7m\u0259si laz\u0131m g\u0259lir. Ancaq ondan daha qid\u0259mli (t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259li) olan Pirzad\u0259 posta oturur. Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n \u015feyxlik \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259nc oldu\u011funu ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u0259n ya\u015fl\u0131 m\u00fcridl\u0259r d\u0259 Pirzad\u0259y\u0259 bey\u0259t edirl\u0259r. Bel\u0259 olduqda Seyid Y\u0259hya, \u015feyxind\u0259n intiqal ed\u0259n “sirri-\u0259sma” il\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131dan ayr\u0131l\u0131r, Bak\u0131ya do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Seyid Y\u0259hya, 1420-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131dan ayr\u0131ld\u0131qda \u015eirvan\u015fahlar d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin ba\u015f\u0131nda X\u0259lilullah xan var idi. Bu zaman dilimind\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin paytaxt\u0131 da m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti olaraq Bak\u0131ya n\u0259ql edilmi\u015f idi. C\u0259lal\u0259ddin S\u00fcyutinin \u0259dal\u0259t v\u0259 h\u0259miyy\u0259t sahibi bir d\u00f6vl\u0259t adam\u0131 olaraq t\u0259rifl\u0259diyi X\u0259lilullah xan t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfi f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259rini davam etdirm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131 Bak\u0131ya d\u0259v\u0259t ed\u0259r\u0259k burada qar\u015f\u0131lay\u0131r v\u0259 saray\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131ndak\u0131 Keyqubad m\u0259scidini ona t\u0259sis edir. Bel\u0259c\u0259 X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin islam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda yay\u0131lmas\u0131na m\u0259nb\u0259 olacaq tarixi xan\u0259gah burada t\u0259sis edilir. X\u0259lilullah xan t\u0259kk\u0259 \u0259traf\u0131nda, i\u00e7ind\u0259 x\u0259lv\u0259txanalar\u0131n d\u0259 oldu\u011fu bir m\u0259scid, ail\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 bir t\u00fcrb\u0259 in\u015fa etdirir. \u015eirvan\u015fah ona b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u00f6rm\u0259t v\u0259 izz\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Seyid Y\u0259hya da yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 “K\u0259\u015ff\u00fcl-qulub” adl\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rini \u0259dal\u0259tini t\u0259rifl\u0259diyi X\u0259lilullah xana ithaf ed\u0259r\u0259k aralar\u0131ndak\u0131 yax\u0131n m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti g\u00f6st\u0259rir.
\nSeyid Y\u0259hya \u015eirvani h\u0259zr\u0259tl\u0259ri 1463 v\u0259 ya 1466-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da v\u0259fat etmi\u015f v\u0259 “cani\u015fini-c\u0259nn\u0259t” ifad\u0259si tarix d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr.
\nSeyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n q\u0259bri d\u0259rgah\u0131n\u0131n qibl\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259, s\u0259kkiz gu\u015f\u0259li olaraq klassik \u00fcslubda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f t\u00fcrb\u0259sind\u0259dir. XVI \u0259srd\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259rin h\u00fccumlar\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 z\u0259bt edil\u0259n \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259 birlikd\u0259 saray v\u0259 xan\u0259gah da da\u011f\u0131nt\u0131lara m\u0259ruz qal\u0131r. III Murad\u0131n s\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 Bak\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 idar\u0259sin\u0259 ke\u00e7inc\u0259 \u015eirvan valisi \u00d6zd\u0259miro\u011flu Osman pa\u015fa t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yenid\u0259n abadla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 xan\u0259gah\u0131n giri\u015find\u0259, d\u00f6vr\u00fcn v\u0259 b\u00f6lg\u0259nin arxitektura x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini \u0259ks etdir\u0259n bir tac qap\u0131 bina edilir. Bu qap\u0131 h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 salamat qal\u0131b Sultan Murad qap\u0131s\u0131 adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Saray v\u0259 m\u0259scid Bak\u0131n\u0131n XIX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 rus i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 \u0259snas\u0131nda v\u0259 1918-ci ilin mart\u0131nda erm\u0259nil\u0259rin \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 t\u00f6r\u0259tdiyi q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar zaman\u0131 m\u0259hv olmu\u015fdur. D\u0259rgah\u0131n avlusundak\u0131 \u015feyx q\u0259birl\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u0259scidin qalan hiss\u0259si Sovet d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 tamamil\u0259 ortadan qald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. K\u00fclliyy\u0259d\u0259n yaln\u0131z t\u00fcrb\u0259 salamat halda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r g\u0259lmi\u015fdir v\u0259 indi d\u0259 \u015eirvan\u015fahlar saray-muzeyi i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259dir.
\nSeyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011flu oldu\u011fu bilinm\u0259kd\u0259dir. B\u00f6y\u00fck o\u011flu F\u0259thullah atas\u0131ndan sonra bir il\u0259 yax\u0131n d\u0259rgahda \u015feyxlik etmi\u015fdir. Ortanc\u0131l o\u011flu \u018fmir G\u00fcll\u0259dir. Seyidin ki\u00e7ik o\u011flu N\u0259srullah \u015eirvani Kr\u0131m xan\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n d\u0259v\u0259t edil\u0259r\u0259k Kr\u0131ma getmi\u015f, burada onun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259xsis edilmi\u015f t\u0259kk\u0259d\u0259 \u015feyxlik v\u0259 n\u0259qib\u00fcl-\u0259\u015frafl\u0131q etmi\u015fdir. X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin Kr\u0131m v\u0259 \u0259traf\u0131nda onun t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015eeyx H\u0259s\u0259n Kr\u0131mi t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n n\u0259ql edilmi\u015fdir. D\u0259rgahda daha sonra \u015feyx olan Afyonlu \u015e\u00fckrullah \u0259f\u0259ndi v\u0259 K\u0259mal\u0259ddin \u015eirvani bilin\u0259n son \u015feyxl\u0259rdir.<\/p>\n

M\u018fN\u018fV\u0130 S\u0130F\u018fTL\u018fR\u0130 V\u018f Z\u00d6HD H\u018fYATI<\/p>\n

Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf\u0259 giri\u015find\u0259n v\u0259fat\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u0259yat\u0131 z\u00f6hd v\u0259 cihad i\u00e7ind\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015fdir. O, \u00e7ox isti aylarda azuq\u0259siz v\u0259 susuz s\u0259hralara \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r, oralarda g\u00fcnl\u0259rl\u0259 qal\u0131r, ibad\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olurmu\u015f. X\u0259lv\u0259t girm\u0259k, t\u0259k olaraq t\u0259nha bir yerd\u0259 qalmaq v\u0259 ibad\u0259t etm\u0259k onun d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259z ad\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n imi\u015f. \u00c7ox az qida il\u0259 kifay\u0259tl\u0259nir, x\u0259lv\u0259t boyunca q\u0131rx g\u00fcnd\u0259 yaln\u0131z \u00fc\u00e7 d\u0259f\u0259 iftar ed\u0259rmi\u015f. Qaynaqlarda v\u0259fat\u0131ndan \u00f6nc\u0259ki son alt\u0131 ayda bir \u015fey yem\u0259diyi n\u0259ql edilmi\u015fdir. D\u0259d\u0259 \u00d6m\u0259r R\u00f6v\u015f\u0259ni Divan\u0131nda m\u00fcr\u015fidinin d\u00fcnyaya v\u0259 axir\u0259t\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 r\u0259ftar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259qva hal\u0131n\u0131 bel\u0259 n\u0259ql edir:
\nQ\u00fcsl ed\u0259r idi, k\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u0259 nagah g\u0259ls\u0259 idi x\u0259yali \u00fcqban\u0131n,
\nAbd\u0259st al\u0131rd\u0131, ke\u00e7s\u0259 idi xatirind\u0259n h\u0259disi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n.
\nV\u0259fat\u0131ndan sonra yuxusunda \u015feyxi g\u00f6r\u0259n dostlar\u0131 ona “Allahu T\u0259ala siz\u0259 nec\u0259 r\u0259ftar etdi” dey\u0259 soru\u015farlar. Seyid: “M\u0259n\u0259 kamal v\u0259 l\u00fctfl\u0259ri il\u0259 t\u0259c\u0259lli etdi. \u018fr\u015fi-\u0259lada bir nurani s\u0259dir\u0259 oturtdu, s\u0259fal\u0131 ruhlar\u0131 da \u0259traf\u0131ma toplayaraq: \u201cY\u0259hya! D\u00fcnyada ik\u0259n \u0259traf\u0131na d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259ri y\u0131\u011f\u0131b virdini oxudu\u011fun kimi burada da oxu, bunlar da dinl\u0259sinl\u0259r\u201d dedi. M\u0259n d\u0259 virdimi oxuyuram\u201d dey\u0259 cavab ver\u0259r.
\n\u00d6z\u00fcn\u00fc f\u0259qir, aciz, heyran v\u0259 miskin dey\u0259 s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259ndir\u0259n Seyid Y\u0259hya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qaynaqlar, h\u00f6rm\u0259t v\u0259 m\u0259dh ifad\u0259 ed\u0259n bir \u00e7ox sif\u0259t il\u0259 doludur: N\u0259qibl\u0259r n\u0259qibi, n\u0259cibl\u0259r n\u0259cibi, \u015feyxl\u0259r \u015feyxi, seyidl\u0259rin se\u00e7kini, arifi-billah, X\u0259lv\u0259tilik t\u0259riq\u0259tinin feyz qayna\u011f\u0131, q\u00fcdv\u0259t\u00fcs-sani, h\u0259qiq\u0259t m\u0259\u015fr\u0259bind\u0259 imamur-R\u0259bbani, q\u00fctb\u00fcl-arifin, Safiyy\u0259 \u00fcl\u0259mas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fckl\u0259rind\u0259n, qavs, silsileyi-tahir\u0259d\u0259n, \u00f6vliyan\u0131n q\u00fctb\u00fc v\u0259 s. S\u0259nayi H\u0259s\u0259n \u0259f\u0259ndi, m\u0259nzum X\u0259lv\u0259ti silsil\u0259nam\u0259sind\u0259 onu bel\u0259 v\u0259sf etmi\u015fdir:<\/p>\n

An\u0131n piri d\u0259xi Y\u0259hyay\u0131-\u015eirvanidir, ey sultan,
\nSiyad\u0259t ba\u011f\u0131na g\u00fcld\u00fcr, odur bil m\u0259d\u0259ni-irfan.
\nKi q\u00fctbiyy\u0259tl\u0259 qavsiyy\u0259t bel\u0259 f\u0259rdiyy\u0259ti cami,
\nV\u00fccudi-pakini x\u0259lq i\u00e7r\u0259 ali eyl\u0259mi\u015f Rafi.<\/p>\n

H\u0259ririzad\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn bu sif\u0259tl\u0259ri toplayaraq bunlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u0259yir: \u201cF\u0259rideyi-s\u0259d\u0259f\u00e7eyi-zaman, c\u0259rideyi-n\u0259vadiri-f\u00fcnun\u00fc-irfan, \u0259dib v\u0259 \u0259rib, h\u0259sib v\u0259 n\u0259sib, m\u00fc\u015ffiq v\u0259 h\u0259lim xasiyy\u0259tli bir zat\u0131-m\u0259hasini-v\u0259sim idi. M\u00fcqt\u0259dayi-g\u00fcruhi-\u00f6vliya, pi\u015fuvayi-z\u00fcmreyi-\u0259tqiya, \u0259vv\u0259li-m\u00fcbarizi-meydan\u0131-m\u00fcbariz\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259li-s\u0259dr-ni\u015fini-m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259li-al\u0259mi-karhayi-hiday\u0259t, kamili-bargahi-inay\u0259t, \u0259l-q\u00fctb\u00fcr-R\u0259bbani, v\u0259l-qavs\u00fcs-sam\u0259dani, \u0259s-Seyid \u0259\u015f-\u015eeyx Y\u0259hyay\u0131-\u015eirvani.\u201d
\nAyd\u0131nl\u0131 D\u0259d\u0259 \u00d6m\u0259r R\u00f6v\u015f\u0259ni \u00e7ox sevdiyi \u015feyxini divan\u0131nda bel\u0259 m\u0259dh edir:<\/p>\n

S\u0259gi-??kuyinin aya\u011f\u0131 tozuy\u0259m, Seyyidi-Ha\u015fimi-Y\u0259hyan\u0131n,
\nBizi ol bo\u015flad\u0131 q\u0131lavuz olub, do\u011fru yoluna Haqq T\u0259alan\u0131n.
\nTapusu m\u0259rc\u0259iydi sadat\u0131n, qapusu m\u0259cm\u0259yi M\u00f6vlan\u0131n
\nH\u0259r ki\u015fi g\u00f6r\u0259r idi asar\u0131n, \u00e7\u00f6hr\u0259sind\u0259n \u0259yan t\u0259c\u0259llan\u0131n.<\/p>\n

Bir ba\u015fqa yerd\u0259 bel\u0259 demi\u015fdir:<\/p>\n

Taciy\u0259m des\u0259m nola h\u0259r \u015feyxi-\u015f\u00fcyuxun, \u00e7\u00fcnki m\u0259n,
\nSeyyidi-sadat, Seyyidi-Y\u0259hya xaki-r\u0259hiy\u0259m.<\/p>\n

H\u00fcseyn V\u0259ssaf bir beytind\u0259 Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131 bel\u0259 v\u0259sf ed\u0259r:<\/p>\n

Nec\u0259 v\u0259sf eyl\u0259y\u0259 bu zati-\u015f\u0259rifi V\u0259ssaf,
\nZat\u0131 zahird\u0259 v\u00fc batind\u0259 m\u0259aniyi- K\u0259\u015f\u015faf.
\nN\u0259s\u0259bi-silsil\u0259si Heyd\u0259ri-K\u0259rrara \u00e7\u0131xar,
\n\u0130rqi-tahirl\u0259 odur ibni-n\u0259qib\u00fcl-\u0259\u015fraf.<\/p>\n

Bu g\u00f6z\u0259l v\u0259sfl\u0259r i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 Mehmet \u018fli Ayninin bu s\u00f6zl\u0259ri c\u00fcml\u0259sini x\u00fclas\u0259 edir: “Seyid Y\u0259hya, zaman s\u0259d\u0259finin t\u0259k incisi, elm v\u0259 irfan nadirlikl\u0259rinin s\u0259n\u0259di, \u0259dib v\u0259 a\u011f\u0131ll\u0131, m\u00f6ht\u0259r\u0259m v\u0259 n\u0259cab\u0259tli, \u015f\u0259fq\u0259tli v\u0259 yum\u015faq, g\u00f6z\u0259l \u00fczl\u00fc v\u0259 daxili g\u00f6z\u0259llikl\u0259r sahibi bir zat” idi.
\nX\u0259lv\u0259tilik t\u0259riq\u0259ti Seyid Y\u0259hya \u015eirvani h\u0259zr\u0259tl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yenid\u0259n formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn X\u0259lv\u0259tilik qollar\u0131n\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda onun ad\u0131 olur. Onun t\u0259riq\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259tirdiyi yenilikl\u0259rd\u0259n b\u0259zil\u0259ri bunlard\u0131r:
\n\u2013 Allah\u0131n yeddi \u0259smas\u0131na be\u015f isim d\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k on iki \u0259sma il\u0259 seyr\u00fc-s\u00fclukun tamamlanmas\u0131. Bu \u00fcsul b\u0259zi qollar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259tbiq edilir;
\n\u2013 X\u0259lv\u0259ti d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259rinin g\u00fcnd\u0259lik h\u0259yatlar\u0131nda v\u0259 sufilik yolunda riay\u0259t etm\u0259l\u0259ri laz\u0131m g\u0259l\u0259n \u0259d\u0259b qaydalar\u0131;
\n\u2013 Virdi-S\u0259ttar\u0131n t\u0259rtibi. Bununla X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin m\u00fcst\u0259qil bir t\u0259riq\u0259t kimliyi qazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 deyilir;
\n\u2013 T\u0259riq\u0259t \u0259d\u0259bin\u0259 dair \u0259saslar\u0131n yaz\u0131ya al\u0131nmas\u0131;
\n\u2013 Quran v\u0259 h\u0259disl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259saslanan elmi t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yerl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si;
\n\u2013 X\u0259lv\u0259t v\u0259 zikr \u00fcsulunun a\u00e7\u0131qlanmas\u0131;
\n\u2013 \u018ftrafa m\u00fcr\u015fidl\u0259r g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k t\u0259riq\u0259ti yaymas\u0131;
\n\u2013 Yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 X\u0259lv\u0259tilikd\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfi-\u0259d\u0259bi \u0259n\u0259n\u0259ni ba\u015flatmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u018fS\u018fRL\u018fR\u0130<\/p>\n

Seyid Y\u0259hya \u015eirvani s\u0131ravi bir sufi deyildi. O, \u00f6z sistemini qurmu\u015f, m\u0259kt\u0259b sahibi, \u0259dib, m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkir v\u0259 \u015fair bir m\u00fcr\u015fid idi. Yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r il\u0259 \u0259d\u0259bi-t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfi bir m\u0259kt\u0259b quraraq X\u0259lv\u0259ti sufi \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 adl\u0131 \u00e7ox z\u0259ngin bir \u0259d\u0259bi m\u0259hsulun meydana g\u0259lm\u0259sin\u0259 z\u0259min haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. X\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n etibar\u0259n bu t\u0259riq\u0259t\u0259 m\u0259nsub sufi m\u00fcr\u015fidl\u0259ri \u00f6z \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 Seyid Y\u0259hyaya n\u0259zir\u0259 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259rhl\u0259r yazaraq yolunu v\u0259 \u00fcsulunu davam etdirmi\u015fl\u0259r.
\nSeyid Y\u0259hya \u015eirvani, yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259d\u0259bi m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259qiyy\u0259tini g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259kd\u0259n \u0259lav\u0259, X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin prinsipl\u0259rini v\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259sini ilk olaraq t\u0259sbit ed\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tdir. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, bu t\u0259riq\u0259tin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 sistemi v\u0259 \u00fcsullar\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259d\u0259n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r g\u0259l\u0259 bilmi\u015fdir. \u015eirvani “Bu f\u0259qir, bir \u00e7ox kims\u0259y\u0259 soru\u015fub, bir \u00e7ox t\u0259fsirl\u0259r oxudum\u201d dey\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ifad\u0259 etdiyi kimi, oxuyub ara\u015fd\u0131ran, d\u0259rin t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr sahibi, d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00f6y\u00fck bir alimidir. X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin elm, s\u0259n\u0259t v\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyat dair\u0259l\u0259rinin \u0259n \u00e7ox se\u00e7diyi t\u0259riq\u0259t olmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b onun bu x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin sonrak\u0131lar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n davam etdirilm\u0259si olmu\u015fdur. Onun m\u0259kt\u0259bi, XV \u0259srin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan etibar\u0259n yeti\u015fdirdiyi sufi m\u00fcr\u015fidl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u015eirvandan ba\u015fqa, Osmanl\u0131, A\u011fqoyunlu v\u0259 M\u0259ml\u00fck c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259t dair\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, xalqla birlikd\u0259 idar\u0259\u00e7i v\u0259 ziyal\u0131 sinif t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u00fcsn\u00fc-r\u0259\u011fb\u0259t g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr. XVI \u0259srd\u0259n etibar\u0259n, Seyid Y\u0259hya \u0259d\u0259bi-f\u0259ls\u0259fi m\u0259kt\u0259bi b\u00fct\u00fcn islam d\u00fcnyas\u0131na yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 d\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 co\u011frafiyas\u0131nda b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259t\u0259 nail olmu\u015fdur. Bu v\u0259 sonrak\u0131 \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Osmanl\u0131da X\u0259lv\u0259tiliy\u0259 m\u0259nsub bir \u00e7ox intellektual \u015feyx yeti\u015fmi\u015f, minl\u0259rl\u0259 n\u0259zm v\u0259 n\u0259sr \u0259s\u0259r meydana g\u0259tirmi\u015fl\u0259r.
\nSeyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n yeti\u015fdirdiyi ilk \u015feyxl\u0259ri izl\u0259y\u0259n XVI \u0259srd\u0259 bir \u00e7ox \u015fair-\u015feyx var. Bunlar aras\u0131nda \u0130brahim G\u00fcl\u015f\u0259ni, C\u0259mali, Seyid Nizam, X\u0259yali, Hal\u0259ti, Safv\u0259ti, Sofyal\u0131 Bali, \u018fli, Arifi, Behi\u015fti, B\u0259li\u011fi, B\u0259yani, C\u00f6vh\u0259ri, F\u0259zli, Xat\u0259mi, \u0130lahi, Ka\u015fifi, L\u0259tifi, Layihi, L\u00f6vhi, M\u0259hvi, Muhyi, Nevi, Rusuxi, Saili, Saliki, Sani, \u015eani, Sihri, Siyami, \u00dcsuli, V\u0259hd\u0259ti, Valihi, Y\u0259hya b\u0259y, Yetim, Yi\u011fitba\u015f\u0131, Z\u0259ifi, \u015e\u0259ms\u0259ddin Sivasi, S\u00fcmb\u00fcl Sinan, M\u0259rk\u0259z \u018ff\u0259ndi, \u00dcmmi Sinan kimi sufi \u015fairl\u0259r vard\u0131r. Bunlardan ba\u015fqa, XVII-XX \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f Niyazi Misri, \u00d6m\u0259r Fuad, Qu\u015fadavi, N\u0259zmi, Suzi, Yusuf Sinan\u0259ddin, Nur\u0259ddin C\u0259rrahi kimi \u00f6n\u0259mli \u0259d\u0259bi \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259r vard\u0131r.
\nXV \u0259srin b\u00f6y\u00fck sufi m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkiri, X\u0259lv\u0259ti t\u0259riq\u0259tinin ikinci piri, Seyid Y\u0259hya n\u0259sr \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini \u0259r\u0259b, fars v\u0259 t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rind\u0259, n\u0259zm \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini is\u0259 fars dilind\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u015eeirl\u0259rind\u0259 “Seyid” t\u0259x\u0259ll\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc istifad\u0259 etmi\u015fdir. \u015eirvaninin t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfi m\u0259zmuna malik \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rinin say\u0131 qaynaqlarda tam olaraq verilm\u0259mi\u015fdir. Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri m\u00fcridl\u0259ri vasit\u0259sil\u0259 Anadoluya intiqal etmi\u015f v\u0259 burada d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 \u00fcz\u00fc k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259k \u00e7oxald\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u018fs\u0259rl\u0259rin bir qismi m\u0259cmu\u0259 \u015f\u0259klind\u0259, bir qismi is\u0259 t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na kitab olaraq m\u00f6vcuddur. M\u0259cmu\u0259l\u0259r farsca \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir. Son t\u0259sbitl\u0259rimiz\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rinin say\u0131 19 \u0259d\u0259ddir. Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259sind\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259r\u0259bc\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri n\u0259\u015fr olub fars dilind\u0259 olan \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rinin n\u0259\u015fri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn apar\u0131lan i\u015fl\u0259r davam edir.
\n1. \u015e\u0259fa\u00fcl-\u018fsrar: Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259sind\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259k v\u0259 \u0259n irih\u0259cmli \u0259s\u0259ridir. T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf\u00fcn \u00fcmumi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259si v\u0259 \u00fcsuluna dair qiym\u0259tli m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 ehtiva etm\u0259kd\u0259dir. \u018fs\u0259r t\u0259k n\u00fcsx\u0259 hal\u0131nda S\u00fcleymaniyy\u0259 kitabxanas\u0131nda m\u00f6vcuddur. Az\u0259rbaycanda v\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunmu\u015fdur.
\n2. Virdi-S\u0259ttar: Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri i\u00e7ind\u0259 x\u00fcsusi bir yeri vard\u0131r. T\u0259riq\u0259t m\u0259nsublar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259r g\u00fcn oxuduqlar\u0131 bu vird \u0259r\u0259b dilind\u0259 olub \u00e7ox s\u0259lis bir \u00fcsluba malikdir. M\u0259zmununu \u00fc\u00e7 hiss\u0259y\u0259 ay\u0131rmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Birinci hiss\u0259d\u0259 Allaha dua v\u0259 s\u0259na edilir. \u0130kinci hiss\u0259d\u0259 Allah\u0131n sif\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 doxsan doqquz ad\u0131 xat\u0131rlan\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc hiss\u0259d\u0259 Hz. M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259 (s.\u0259.s.), ilk d\u00f6rd x\u0259lif\u0259y\u0259, \u018fhli-Beyt\u0259, Hz.H\u0259mz\u0259 v\u0259 Abbasa dua v\u0259 salam edilir. M\u00fcridl\u0259rin s\u0259sli olaraq icra ed\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259ri bu virdin sonunda s\u0259ssiz oxunan q\u0131sa bir dua da vard\u0131r. \u00d6vrad\u0131-Y\u0259hya, virdi-S\u0259ttar, virdi-Y\u0259hya, virdi-X\u0259lv\u0259tiyy\u0259 kimi adlarla da adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu \u0259s\u0259r\u0259 bir \u00e7ox \u015f\u0259rh yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Kitabxanalarda bir \u00e7ox \u0259lyazmas\u0131 olmaqla yana\u015f\u0131, \u00e7ap variantlar\u0131 da m\u00f6vcuddur.
\n3. \u018fcaibul-q\u00fclub: Seyid Y\u0259hya \u015eirvaninin b\u00f6y\u00fck sufil\u0259rin s\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n t\u0259rtib etdiyi bu m\u0259cmu\u0259d\u0259, m\u0259\u015fhur sufi B\u0259yazid Bistaminin q\u0259lbin \u0259hval\u0131, Y\u0259hya bin Muaz\u0131n m\u0259qamat v\u0259 hallar\u0131ndan b\u0259hs ed\u0259n ifad\u0259l\u0259ri, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Abdullah \u0259l-\u018fnsarid\u0259n b\u0259zi ibar\u0259l\u0259r n\u0259ql edilm\u0259kd\u0259dir. Bilin\u0259n t\u0259k n\u00fcsx\u0259si, \u0130stanbul Universiteti M\u0259rk\u0259z Kitabxanas\u0131, Fy.956\/HE.8194 \u015fifr\u0259si alt\u0131nda qeydiyyatdad\u0131r.
\n4. \u018ftvarul-q\u0259lb (q\u00fclub): M\u0259sn\u0259vi t\u0259rzind\u0259 m\u0259nzum bir \u0259s\u0259r olub, “q\u0259lb nec\u0259 bir \u015feydir” sual\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurulmu\u015fdur. “Q\u0259lbini g\u00f6r ki q\u0259lb Allah\u0131n \u0259r\u015fidir\/ Onda \u015fah\u0131n gizli c\u00f6vh\u0259rl\u0259ri vard\u0131r” dey\u0259r\u0259k q\u0259lbin t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfd\u0259ki \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini v\u0259 hallar\u0131n\u0131 izah edir v\u0259 q\u0259lbin yeddi hal\u0131 oldu\u011fundan b\u0259hs ed\u0259r. Bunlar: s\u0259dr, q\u0259lb, \u015fegaf, fuad, heyy\u0259t\u00fcl-q\u0259lb, s\u00fcveyda v\u0259 beh\u00e7\u0259t\u00fcl-q\u0259lbdir. Bu hallar\u0131n m\u0259nzum t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfi \u015f\u0259rhini verir. B\u0259zi kitabxana qeydl\u0259rind\u0259 “Risaleyi-\u0259tvar\u00fcl-q\u00fclub” ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda qeyd edilm\u0259kd\u0259dir. Mill\u0259t kitabxanas\u0131nda “G\u00fclzar\u0131-s\u0259ad\u0259t” ad\u0131 il\u0259 qeydiyyatdad\u0131r. 772 beytdir.
\n5. B\u0259yan\u00fcl-elm: M\u0259nzum m\u0259sn\u0259vi t\u0259rzind\u0259 olub 550 beytdir. N\u0259t v\u0259 ilk d\u00f6rd x\u0259lif\u0259ni m\u0259dh ed\u0259n m\u0259nzum\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n sonra b\u0259zi \u015f\u0259ri\u0259t v\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfi n\u0259sih\u0259tl\u0259r verilir. F\u0259rzin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n Allah\u0131 bilm\u0259k v\u0259 tan\u0131maq oldu\u011fu, bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 Allah zikrin\u0259 davam etm\u0259nin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259ti izah edilir. Zikrullah\u0131n x\u0259st\u0259 q\u0259lbl\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 qafill\u0259r\u0259 \u015f\u0259fa verib, x\u0259b\u0259rdar ed\u0259r\u0259k inand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 fikri i\u015fl\u0259nir. Qeydl\u0259rd\u0259 “Risal\u0259 d\u0259r-b\u0259yani-elm” “Elmi-L\u0259dunni” dey\u0259 d\u0259 ke\u00e7ir.
\n6. K\u0259\u015fful-q\u00fclub: \u018fs\u0259r d\u00f6rd b\u00f6l\u00fcm olub A\u011f\u0131l, Q\u0259lb, Ruh, N\u0259fs v\u0259 onun seyr\u00fc-s\u00fcluku il\u0259 kamill\u0259\u015fm\u0259sinin metodu izah edilir. Seyid Y\u0259hya \u0259s\u0259rini bu x\u00fcsuslar haqq\u0131nda y\u00f6n\u0259ldil\u0259n suala cavab olaraq q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u0259yir. \u018fs\u0259ri \u015eirvan\u015fah X\u0259lilullah xana bu ifad\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 ithaf etmi\u015fdir: “Bu risal\u0259ni yazma m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259qiyy\u0259tinin s\u0259b\u0259bi uca \u0259dal\u0259t \u0259miri, al\u0259md\u0259ki sultanlar\u0131n \u0259n \u015f\u0259r\u0259flisi, \u0259l-M\u0259lik\u00fcl-M\u0259nnan\u0131n h\u00f6km\u00fcn\u00fcn davam etdiricisi, X\u0259lil\u00fcr-R\u0259hman\u0131n ada\u015f\u0131 Sultan ibni Sultan \u018fmir X\u0259lilullah\u0131n (uca Allah onu b\u00fct\u00fcn al\u0259m\u0259 v\u0259 alemd\u0259kil\u0259r\u0259 yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 r\u0259hm\u0259ti il\u0259 \u0259n uca m\u00f6vqey\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xars\u0131n) g\u00fcnd\u0259n-g\u00fcn\u0259 artan d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin etidal\u0131 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 tapd\u0131\u011f\u0131m t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik v\u0259 \u0259min-amanl\u0131q il\u0259 yazd\u0131m.\u201d
\n7. Qisseyi-M\u0259nsur: M\u0259\u015fhur Sufi H\u0259llac M\u0259nsurun dar a\u011fac\u0131nda ik\u0259n bir m\u0259cnun il\u0259 olan m\u00fcsahib\u0259sinin r\u0259vay\u0259t edildiyi farsca m\u0259nzum m\u0259sn\u0259vi t\u0259rzind\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir \u0259s\u0259rdir. \u0130lk bax\u0131\u015fda bu \u015feir \u018fttar\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rinin birind\u0259n al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcns\u0259 d\u0259 onun eyni v\u0259znd\u0259ki \u201c\u0130lahinam\u0259\u201dsi il\u0259 \u201c\u018fsrarnam\u0259\u201dsind\u0259 bu hekay\u0259 yoxdur. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bu \u0259s\u0259rin Seyid Y\u0259hya \u015eirvaninin q\u0131sa m\u0259sn\u0259vil\u0259rind\u0259n biri oldu\u011funu q\u0259bul etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r.
\n8. M\u0259nazil\u00fcl-a\u015fiqin: M\u0259sn\u0259vi t\u0259rzind\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r v\u0259 1797 beytdir. \u018fs\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf yolunun salikl\u0259rinin yeti\u015fm\u0259si laz\u0131m g\u0259l\u0259n m\u0259nzill\u0259r izah edilir. Bu m\u0259nzill\u0259rin say\u0131 q\u0131rx olub a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131lard\u0131r: Niyy\u0259t, inab\u0259t, t\u00f6vb\u0259, irad\u0259, c\u0259hd, m\u00fcraqib\u0259, s\u0259bir, zikr v\u0259 fikir, n\u0259fs\u0259 m\u00fcxalif\u0259t, riza, raz\u0131l\u0131q, t\u0259slimiyy\u0259t, t\u0259v\u0259kk\u00fcl, z\u00f6hd, ibad\u0259t, v\u0259ra, ixlas, s\u0259daq\u0259t, xof, rica, f\u0259na, b\u0259qa, eyn\u0259l-y\u0259qin, m\u0259rif\u0259t, v\u0259lay\u0259t, \u015f\u00f6vq, m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259t, v\u0259hd\u0259t, q\u00fcrb\u0259t, v\u00fcsal, k\u0259\u015ff, h\u00fczur, t\u0259crid, t\u0259frid, inbisat, t\u0259h\u0259yy\u00fcr, n\u0259hay\u0259t, t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf, q\u00fcrb\u0259tin q\u00fcrb\u0259ti. \u018fs\u0259rin ad\u0131 b\u0259zi n\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 “\u00c7ihil M\u0259nazil” olaraq ke\u00e7ir. \u018fbu S\u0259id \u018fbul-Xeyr (967-1049) “M\u0259qamat\u0131-\u018frb\u0259in” adl\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 q\u0131rx m\u0259qamdan b\u0259hs edir ki, bunlar Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n “Menazil\u00fcl-a\u015fiqin”d\u0259 \u0259l\u0259 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259qamlar il\u0259, bir ne\u00e7\u0259si istisna olmaqla, b\u0259nz\u0259r olsa da \u015f\u0259rhl\u0259ri f\u0259rqlidir.
\n9. M\u0259qamat: T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf yoluna gir\u0259n kims\u0259nin Allaha \u00e7atmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259n\u0259vi s\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 ehtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r. Seyid Y\u0259hya \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 bu m\u0259n\u0259vi s\u0259f\u0259rin yeddi m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259sind\u0259n b\u0259hs edir. Bunlar\u0131n h\u0259r birin\u0259 m\u0259qam deyilir. Bu m\u0259qamlar bunlard\u0131r: Seyr il\u0259llah, seyr lill\u0259h, seyr al\u0259llah, seyr m\u0259allah, seyr fillah, seyr anillah, seyr billah. M\u0259qamat b\u0259zi n\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 ayr\u0131 bir kitab olaraq verilmi\u015f is\u0259 d\u0259, bir \u00e7ox n\u00fcsx\u0259d\u0259 \u201cM\u0259nazil\u00fcl-a\u015fiqin\u201din davam\u0131nda bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm olaraq var.
\n10. Ramuzul-\u0130\u015farat (T\u0259vil\u00fc v\u0259 T\u0259fsir\u00fc \u0130hdin\u0259s-sirat\u0259l-m\u00fcst\u0259qim): Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n “Bir \u0259dal\u0259tli \u015fah\u0131n h\u00fczurunda soru\u015fulan” dey\u0259r\u0259k X\u0259lilullah xan\u0131n oldu\u011fu bir m\u0259clisd\u0259, \u00e7ox ehtimal ki onun t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n soru\u015fulan bir suala verdiyi cavabd\u0131r. Fatih\u0259 sur\u0259sinin 5-ci ay\u0259si olan “Biz\u0259 do\u011fru yolu g\u00f6st\u0259r\u201d m\u0259zmunlu \u201c\u0130hdin\u0259s-sirat\u0259l-m\u00fcst\u0259qim\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u0259fsir v\u0259 \u015f\u0259rhi n\u00f6qt\u0259sind\u0259, i\u015far\u0259, m\u00fcka\u015fif\u0259 v\u0259 m\u00fcayin\u0259 \u0259hlinin q\u0259lb yolundan hasil etdiyi n\u0259dir? Bizim ixlas v\u0259 inanc\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n artmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu ay\u0259nin m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131n soru\u015fulmas\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 etdiyi \u015f\u0259rhi bir risal\u0259 olaraq daha sonra q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. “Bu izahlar t\u0259fsir kitablar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olmadan k\u00f6n\u00fcl\u0259 do\u011fan \u015f\u0259rhl\u0259rdir\u201d dedikd\u0259n sonra “O g\u00fcn bel\u0259 soru\u015fuldu ki \u0259nbiya v\u0259 \u00f6vliya nec\u0259 olur ki, \u00f6zl\u0259ri d\u0259 bizi do\u011fru yola y\u00f6n\u0259lt” deyib dil\u0259rl\u0259r. Onlar onsuz da do\u011fru yol \u00fczr\u0259 deyildirl\u0259rmi ki, do\u011fru yol ist\u0259rl\u0259r?\u201d dey\u0259r\u0259k soru\u015fulan dig\u0259r suala da cavab vermi\u015fdir. \u018fs\u0259rin Bak\u0131 n\u00fcsx\u0259sinin ad\u0131 \u201cT\u0259vilu v\u0259 t\u0259fsiru-ihdin\u0259s-sirat\u0259l-m\u00fcst\u0259qim\u201ddir. M\u0259nsurdur.
\n11. \u015e\u0259rhi-\u018fsmai-s\u0259maniyy\u0259: M\u0259nzum t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfi bir \u0259s\u0259r olub M\u0259sn\u0259vi t\u0259rzind\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Allah\u0131n H\u0259yat, Elm, S\u0259mi (e\u015fitm\u0259), B\u0259s\u0259r (g\u00f6rm\u0259), Q\u00fcdr\u0259t, K\u0259lam, \u0130rad\u0259, B\u0259qa kimi ad v\u0259 sif\u0259tl\u0259rinin m\u0259nalar\u0131 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfi bax\u0131mdan a\u00e7\u0131qlanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. C\u0259mi 610 beytdir.
\n12. \u015e\u0259rhi-M\u0259ratibi-\u018fsrarul-q\u00fclub (h\u0259ft vadi): Allaha varmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sufil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 laz\u0131m g\u0259l\u0259n “\u018ftvarus-s\u0259ba”dan (yeddi m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259, yeddi m\u0259qam) b\u0259hs edir. Bu m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259l\u0259r ard\u0131c\u0131l olaraq: “\u00dcr\u0259k, E\u015fq, M\u0259rif\u0259t, \u0130sti\u011fna, T\u00f6vhid, Heyr\u0259t v\u0259 F\u0259qr\u00fc-f\u0259na” olaraq ifad\u0259 edilir v\u0259 h\u0259r hiss\u0259d\u0259 bir m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131qlan\u0131r. M\u00fc\u0259llif bu m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rin h\u0259r birin\u0259 vadi ad\u0131 verdiyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu \u0259s\u0259r\u0259 “H\u0259ft vadi” (Yeddi vadi) d\u0259 deyilmi\u015fdir. M\u0259sn\u0259vi t\u0259rzind\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 880 beytdir.
\n13. T\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat \u00fc M\u00fcka\u015f\u0259fat; Hz. Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r (s.\u0259.s): “Bir kims\u0259 a\u015fiq olar, iff\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259r, e\u015fq sirrini kims\u0259y\u0259 a\u00e7madan \u00f6l\u0259rs\u0259, \u015f\u0259hid olaraq \u00f6l\u0259r.” m\u0259zmunlu h\u0259disin \u015f\u0259rhidir. Seyid Y\u0259hya bu h\u0259disd\u0259 b\u0259hs edil\u0259n e\u015fqin Allah e\u015fqi oldu\u011funu \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 n\u0259zm\u0259n a\u00e7\u0131qlay\u0131r.
\n14. \u015e\u0259rhi-sualat\u0131-G\u00fcl\u015f\u0259ni-Raz: M\u0259\u015fhur az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 sufi Mahmud \u015e\u0259b\u00fcst\u0259rinin (1288-1340) “G\u00fcl\u015f\u0259ni-Raz” adl\u0131 m\u0259sn\u0259vi \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 olan \u0259s\u0259rinin \u015f\u0259rhidir. Ruh, n\u0259fs, k\u00f6n\u00fcl, sirr, q\u0259bz-bast, vaxt, yax\u0131nl\u0131q-uzaql\u0131q, qeyb\u0259t, \u00fcns, heyb\u0259t, x\u0259sar\u0259t, elm\u0259l-y\u0259qin, eyn\u0259l-y\u0259qin, h\u0259qq\u0259l-y\u0259qin haqq\u0131nda soru\u015fulan suallara m\u0259nzum olaraq veril\u0259n cavablardan ibar\u0259tdir. \u015e\u0259b\u00fcst\u0259rinin bu \u0259s\u0259ri sufil\u0259r aras\u0131nda b\u00f6y\u00fck r\u0259\u011fb\u0259t g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, bir \u00e7ox \u015f\u0259rh yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bunlardan biri d\u0259 Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n “\u015e\u0259rhi-Sualat\u0131-G\u00fcl\u015f\u0259ni-Raz” adl\u0131 \u015f\u0259rhi olub 1071 beytdir.
\n15. M\u0259 l\u0259 budd batiniyy\u0259 (\u018fsrar\u00fcl-v\u00fcdu v\u0259s-salat): T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfi bax\u0131mdan d\u0259st\u0259maz v\u0259 namaz\u0131n m\u0259na v\u0259 mahiyy\u0259ti \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 izahlardan ibar\u0259tdir. M\u00f6vzu ba\u015fl\u0131qlar\u0131 bunlard\u0131r: T\u0259miz su, niyy\u0259t, d\u0259st\u0259maz, s\u0259tri-\u00f6vr\u0259t, vaxt, istiqbal\u0131-qibl\u0259, qiyam, t\u0259kbir\u0259t\u00fcl-ihram, f\u00fctuhatul-kitab, r\u00fcku, s\u00fccud, \u0259l-etidal, \u0259t-t\u0259\u015f\u0259hh\u00fcd, \u0259s-salatun-n\u0259biyyi, \u0259s-salam. \u018fs\u0259rin son qismind\u0259 b\u0259zi n\u0259sih\u0259t v\u0259 t\u00f6vsiy\u0259l\u0259r vard\u0131r.
\n16. M\u0259naqibi-\u0259mir\u0259l-m\u00f6minin \u018fli (k.v.): Hz. \u018flinin f\u0259zil\u0259tl\u0259ri bildirilir. \u018fs\u0259rd\u0259 Seyid Y\u0259hya, Hz. \u018fliy\u0259 olan m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259t v\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fck bir s\u0259mimiyy\u0259tl\u0259 izah ed\u0259rk\u0259n, ona inanmayan\u0131n kafir oldu\u011funu, onu sev\u0259nl\u0259rin is\u0259 xilas olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifad\u0259 edir. M\u0259nzum olaraq, q\u0259sid\u0259 janr\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 116 beytd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir.
\n17. Q\u0259z\u0259liyyat: Seyid Y\u0259hya farsca olan 15 \u0259d\u0259d q\u0259z\u0259lind\u0259 ilahi e\u015fq m\u00f6vzusunu i\u015fl\u0259mi\u015fdir. \u018fs\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259rmans\u0131z bir b\u0259la olan e\u015fqin, \u0259slind\u0259, Allah\u0131n sevdiyi qullar\u0131na bir l\u00fctf\u00fc oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u0259yir.
\n18. Risal\u0259 fi salatin-n\u0259bi: Hz. M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259 (s.\u0259.s) salat v\u0259 salam g\u0259tirm\u0259nin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tinin izah edildiyi bu q\u0259sid\u0259 s\u0259kkiz m\u00fcs\u0259dd\u0259s qit\u0259 hal\u0131nda olub 56 beytd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir.
\n19. M\u0259karimi-\u0259xlaq: Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n nadir n\u0259sr \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259ndir. M\u00f6vzusu \u0259xlaq olan \u0259s\u0259rd\u0259 saleh \u0259m\u0259l v\u0259 \u0259xlaq\u0131n iman\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131 oldu\u011fu m\u00f6vzusu i\u015fl\u0259nir. Hz. Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin (s.\u0259.s) v\u0259 onun yolunda olanlar\u0131n \u0259n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin \u0259xlaq oldu\u011fu deyilir. \u0130nsanda pislik duy\u011fular\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259l\u0259r oldu\u011fu v\u0259 bunlardan xilas olman\u0131n yollar\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rilir. T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf\u00fcn “Allah\u0131n \u0259xlaq\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259xlaqlanmaq” oldu\u011fu vur\u011fulan\u0131r. \u0130stanbul Universiteti kitabxanas\u0131ndak\u0131 n\u00fcsx\u0259nin ad\u0131 “\u018fxlaq\u0131-M\u0259hmudat”d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

S\u0130LS\u0130L\u018fS\u0130<\/p>\n

X \u0259lv\u0259tilik islam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfi m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. T\u0259riq\u0259tin piri-sanisi olan Seyid Y\u0259hya \u015eirvani bu m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259 son v\u0259 kamil formas\u0131n\u0131 ver\u0259n \u015feyxdir. \u018fbd\u00fclqahir S\u00fchr\u0259verdid\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq, Q\u00fctb\u0259ddin \u018fbh\u0259ri, Zahid Gilani v\u0259 \u00d6m\u0259r Lah\u0131ci t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n inki\u015faf etdiril\u0259n t\u0259riq\u0259tin ideoloji qurulu\u015fu, Seyid Y\u0259hya t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n bir sistem hal\u0131na g\u0259tiril\u0259r\u0259k yenid\u0259n formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 “Piri-sani” \u00fcnvan\u0131 il\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn X\u0259lv\u0259tilik qollar\u0131n\u0131n silsil\u0259l\u0259rinin ba\u015f\u0131nda onun ad\u0131 yer al\u0131r.
\nX\u0259lv\u0259tilik silsil\u0259sind\u0259 Hz. Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rd\u0259n Pir \u018fbu Abdullah \u00d6m\u0259r\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r 18, Piri-sani Seyid Y\u0259hya \u015eirvaniy\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r 22 \u015feyx i\u015ftirak etm\u0259kd\u0259dir. Bu m\u00fcbar\u0259k silsil\u0259 Hz. Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r \u0259f\u0259ndimizd\u0259n \u015eeyx Seyid C\u0259mal\u0259ddin Y\u0259hya \u0259\u015f \u015eirvani \u0259l-Bakuvi h\u0259zr\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 bu \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131r:
\nSeyyid\u00fcl-\u0259vv\u0259l v\u0259l-ax\u0131r M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Mustafa (s.\u0259.v.) (12\/632)
\n\u018fbul-H\u0259s\u0259neyn \u0130mam \u018fli bin \u018fbu Talib (k.v) (v. 40\/660)
\nSeyyid\u00fct-T\u0259biin \u015eeyx\u00fc\u015f-\u015f\u00fcyux H\u0259s\u0259n \u0259l-B\u0259sri (v. 110\/729)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyx \u0259l-H\u0259bib bin Mahmud \u018fl-Na\u015fi (v. 156\/774)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyxul-K\u0259bir \u018fbu S\u00fcleyman Davud bin Nas\u0131r \u0259t-Tai (v. 165\/783)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyxul-Fahim \u018fbul-M\u0259hfuz M\u0259ruf \u018fli \u0259l-K\u0259rxi (v. 200\/816)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyxul-K\u0259rim \u018fbul-H\u0259s\u0259n S\u0259rriy\u00fcs-Saqati (v. 253\/867)
\nSeyyid\u00fct-Taifeyi-Sufiyy\u0259 \u018fbul-Qas\u0131m C\u00fcneyd b. M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d \u0259l-Ba\u011fdadi (v. 297\/910)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyx \u018fbu \u018fli \u018fhm\u0259d M\u00fcm\u015fad \u0259t-Din\u0259v\u0259ri (v. 299\/912)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyx \u018fbu Abdullah M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Din\u0259v\u0259ri (v. 370\/980)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyx \u018fbu Hafs \u00d6m\u0259r V\u0259cih\u00fcddin \u0259l-Qaz\u0131 \u0259l-B\u0259kri \u0259s-S\u00fchr\u0259verdi (v. 442\/1050)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyx \u018fbun-N\u0259cib Ziya\u00fcddin \u018fb\u00fclqahir \u0259l-B\u0259kr \u0259s-S\u00fchr\u0259verdi (v. 563\/1168)
\nBurada silsil\u0259 iki qola ayr\u0131lmaqdad\u0131r. Biri S\u00fchr\u0259verdiyy\u0259 t\u0259riq\u0259tinin qurucusu \u015eeyx \u015eihab\u0259ddin S\u00fchr\u0259verdi, dig\u0259ri is\u0259 \u018fbh\u0259riyy\u0259 t\u0259riq\u0259tinin qurucusu Q\u00fctb\u0259ddin \u018fbh\u0259ri il\u0259 davam edir. X\u0259lv\u0259tilik ikincisini t\u0259qib edir.
\nPiri-t\u0259riq\u0259ti-\u018fbh\u0259riyy\u0259 \u018fbu R\u0259\u015fid Q\u00fctb\u0259ddin \u0259l-\u018fbh\u0259ri (v. 622\/1225)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyx R\u00fckn\u0259ddin \u018fli bin Heyd\u0259r bin M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Sincasi (v. 628\/1230?)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyx \u015eihab\u0259ddin Mahmud T\u0259brizi (v. 702\/1302?)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyx \u0259s-Seyid C\u0259mal\u0259ddin M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d \u015eirazi, \u0259l-\u018fzh\u0259ri (v. 652\/1255?)
\nPiri-t\u0259riq\u0259ti-Zahidiyy\u0259yi-X\u0259lv\u0259tiyy\u0259 \u0130brahim bin R\u00f6v\u015f\u0259n, Zahid Gilani (v. 681\/1282)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyx K\u0259rim\u00fcddin \u018fxi M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d \u0259l-X\u0259lv\u0259t \u0259l-Xar\u0259zmi (v. 780\/1378?)
\nPiri-t\u0259riq\u0259ti-X\u0259lv\u0259tiyy\u0259 \u0259\u015f-\u015eeyx \u018fbu Abdullah Sirac\u0259ddin \u00d6m\u0259r bin \u0259\u015f-\u015eeyx \u018fkm\u0259l\u00fcddin \u0259\u015f-\u015eirvani \u0259l-Lah\u0131ci \u0259l-X\u0259lv\u0259ti (v. 750\/1350)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyx \u0259l-Fani \u018fxi Mir\u0259m (\u0259mr\u0259m) \u0259l-X\u0259lv\u0259t (v. 800\/1398?)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyx Hac\u0131 \u0130zz\u0259ddin Mahmud bin Mevdudi bin \u018fhm\u0259d \u0259t-T\u00fcrkmani \u018fxi-\u015eamax\u0131 \u0259l-X\u0259lv\u0259t (812\/1410)
\n\u018f\u015f-\u015eeyx S\u0259dr\u0259ddin \u0259\u015f-\u015eirvani \u0259l-Xiyavi (826\/1423-24)
\nPiri-Sani Seyyid\u0259t\u00fct-taif\u0259t\u00fcl-X\u0259lv\u0259tiyy\u0259 \u0259\u015f-\u015eeyx \u0259s-Seyid C\u0259mal\u0259ddin Y\u0259hya bin \u0259s-Seyid B\u0259ha\u0259ddin \u0259\u015f-\u015eirvani \u0259l-Bakuvi \u0259l-X\u0259lv\u0259ti (870\/1466).<\/p>\n

X\u018fL\u0130F\u018fL\u018fR\u0130<\/p>\n

S eyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n Bak\u0131da q\u0131rx ild\u0259n \u00e7ox davam ed\u0259n ir\u015fad xidm\u0259ti n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 iyirmi min\u0259 yax\u0131n m\u00fcridi oldu\u011fu, bunlardan \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz altm\u0131\u015f\u0131na xilaf\u0259t verdiyi qeyd edilir. Yeti\u015fdirdiyi m\u0259\u015fhur sufi m\u00fcr\u015fidl\u0259r aras\u0131nda M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d B\u0259ha\u0259ddin \u018frzincani, Ayd\u0131nl\u0131 D\u0259d\u0259 \u00d6m\u0259r R\u00f6v\u015f\u0259ni, Aksarayl\u0131 H\u0259bib Qaramani, Afyonlu \u015e\u00fckrullah, \u018fla\u0259ddin Rumi, Yusuf Ziya\u0259ddin M\u00fcsk\u00fcri \u015eirvani, Kastamonulu Seyid \u018fhm\u0259d S\u00fcnn\u0259, \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131l\u0131 H\u0259mz\u0259 \u0259f\u0259ndi kimi \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259r vard\u0131r. X\u0259lv\u0259tilik t\u0259riq\u0259ti Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n x\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 onlar\u0131n davam\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 vasit\u0259si il\u0259 Anadolu, \u0130ran, Az\u0259rbaycan, Orta \u015e\u0259rq, \u015eimali Afrika v\u0259 Balkanlarda geni\u015f \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. X\u0259lv\u0259tilikd\u0259 \u0259n \u00e7ox x\u0259lif\u0259 yeti\u015fdir\u0259n v\u0259 \u0259trafa g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259n Seyid Y\u0259hya olmu\u015fdur. X\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259rinin qabaqda g\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259ri Osmanl\u0131 v\u0259 b\u0259ylikl\u0259r Anadolusundan g\u0259l\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259rdir. Onlar\u0131n bir \u00e7oxu \u015feyxl\u0259rinin t\u00f6vsiy\u0259si il\u0259 yenid\u0259n Anadoluya qay\u0131tm\u0131\u015flar v\u0259 buralarda x\u0259lv\u0259tiliyi yaym\u0131\u015flar. Bu \u015feyxl\u0259r il\u0259 onlar\u0131n davam\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 vasit\u0259si il\u0259 X\u0259lv\u0259tilik XV \u0259srin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan etibar\u0259n, t\u00fcrk v\u0259 islam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259riq\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri hal\u0131na g\u0259lmi\u015fdir. Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n v\u0259fat\u0131ndan bir \u0259sr sonra is\u0259, q\u0131rxdan \u00e7ox \u015f\u00f6b\u0259 v\u0259 qol il\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259ti i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 \u0259n \u00e7ox m\u00fcnt\u0259sibi v\u0259 t\u0259kk\u0259si olan t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf m\u0259kt\u0259bi olmu\u015fdur. Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259t XX \u0259sr\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r davam etmi\u015fdir. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u0259nsublar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcz minl\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259xmin edil\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259t X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin nec\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck bir t\u0259sir g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u0259 v\u0259 yay\u0131lma qabiliyy\u0259tin\u0259 sahib oldu\u011funu g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259kd\u0259dir. X\u0259lv\u0259tilik k\u0259miyy\u0259t v\u0259 keyfiyy\u0259t etibaril\u0259, Osmanl\u0131 c\u0259miyy\u0259tinin dini-ictimai h\u0259yat\u0131nda i\u015ftirak ed\u0259r\u0259k, d\u00f6vl\u0259t v\u0259 mill\u0259t b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc i\u00e7ind\u0259, \u0259min-amanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259k olmu\u015fdur. Ba\u015fda Anadolu olmaq \u00fczr\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 co\u011frafiyas\u0131ndak\u0131 bu yay\u0131lma, Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n Anadolunun m\u00fcxt\u0259lif yerl\u0259rind\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n m\u00fcridl\u0259ri vasit\u0259si il\u0259 olmu\u015fdur. O d\u00f6vrd\u0259 \u0130zmir, Afyon, Karaman, Erzincan, Amasya, Kastamonu, Aksaray kimi, Bak\u0131ya \u00e7ox uzaq yerl\u0259rd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fcridi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259tinin Anadoluda \u00e7ox geni\u015f bir sah\u0259y\u0259 yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir. M. \u018fli Ayni, Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259tind\u0259 l\u0259dunni maarif qayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u015eirvan olmas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 S. Y\u0259hyan\u0131n buradak\u0131 t\u0259sirini bel\u0259 ifad\u0259 edir: “\u015eirvan, Seyid Y\u0259hya say\u0259sind\u0259 bir vaxtlar al\u0259min t\u0259vaf yeri olmu\u015fdu. Seyid Y\u0259hya X\u0259lv\u0259tilik t\u0259riq\u0259tinin ikinci piridir. X\u0259lv\u0259tilik yolunu \u0259sas\u0259n Sirac\u0259ddin \u00d6m\u0259r X\u0259lv\u0259ti qurmu\u015fdu. Ona da bu yolun \u0259d\u0259b v\u0259 t\u0259liml\u0259ri, do\u011fru silsil\u0259 il\u0259 \u0130mam \u018fli \u018ff\u0259ndimizd\u0259n g\u0259lmi\u015fdi. Ancaq X\u0259lv\u0259tilik yolunun ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 Seyid Y\u0259hyaya g\u0259linc\u0259, t\u0259riq\u0259t s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 h\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259f\u0259, h\u0259tta Misir\u0259, Hicaza, Hindistana q\u0259d\u0259r yay\u0131lma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. H\u0259l\u0259 bizim t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n bir-biri ard\u0131nca h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259 susam\u0131\u015f bir \u00e7ox \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r Bak\u0131ya qa\u00e7d\u0131lar. “Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n Anadoludan g\u0259l\u0259n x\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259rinin q\u0131rx\u0131na xilaf\u0259t verdiyini ifad\u0259 ed\u0259n H\u00fcseyn V\u0259ssaf da bunlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u0259yir: \u201c\u015eirvan \u0259traf\u0131 xalq\u0131n ir\u015fad \u0259snas\u0131nda diyar\u0131-Rumdan t\u0259lqin v\u0259 ir\u015fada istedad sahibi bir \u00e7ox k\u0259sl\u0259r oldu\u011funu ilham\u0131-R\u0259bbani il\u0259 k\u0259\u015ff ed\u0259r\u0259k bu \u0259trafda t\u0259\u015frif il\u0259 m\u0259rif\u0259tullaha r\u0259\u011fb\u0259ti olan bir \u00e7ox zatlar, \u015fam\u0131-c\u0259mi-m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t\u0259, m\u0259clisi-\u0259rkanlar\u0131na p\u0259rvan\u0259 idil\u0259r.\u201d Seyid Y\u0259hya, x\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259rini Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015eamax\u0131, Quba-Xa\u00e7maz, G\u0259nc\u0259, B\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 Qaraba\u011f diyarlar\u0131na g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k buralarda da t\u0259riq\u0259tinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. D\u0259d\u0259 \u00d6m\u0259r R\u00f6v\u015f\u0259ni, B\u0259rd\u0259-Qaraba\u011fda oldu\u011fu \u0259snada Uzun H\u0259s\u0259nin d\u0259v\u0259ti \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 T\u0259briz\u0259 ged\u0259r\u0259k Sultan\u0131n xan\u0131m\u0131 S\u0259lcuq Xatunun in\u015fa etdirdiyi d\u0259rgaha yerl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fdir. X\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin R\u00f6v\u015f\u0259niyy\u0259 qolunu \u00f6z adlar\u0131 il\u0259 Qahir\u0259d\u0259 davam etdir\u0259c\u0259k olan \u0130brahim G\u00fcl\u015f\u0259ni, \u015eeyx D\u0259mirta\u015f, \u015eahin X\u0259lv\u0259ti, H\u0259s\u0259n Bayat\u0131 Mahmudo\u011flu kimi \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri d\u0259 burada yeti\u015fdirmi\u015fdir. X\u0259lv\u0259tilik t\u0259riq\u0259ti Seyid Y\u0259hyan\u0131n x\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 onlar\u0131n ard\u0131c\u0131llar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qurulan d\u00f6rd ana budaq, q\u0131rxdan \u00e7ox \u015f\u00f6b\u0259 v\u0259 qola ayr\u0131laraq h\u0259r r\u0259ng v\u0259 z\u00f6vq\u0259 uy\u011fun b\u00f6y\u00fck bir m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t co\u011frafiyas\u0131 meydana g\u0259tirmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

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Yaz\u0131ya 896 d\u0259f\u0259 bax\u0131l\u0131b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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