{"id":9039,"date":"2015-03-31T17:00:03","date_gmt":"2015-03-31T12:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=9039"},"modified":"2015-03-31T17:00:03","modified_gmt":"2015-03-31T12:00:03","slug":"anar-18-ci-il-qanli-mart","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=9039","title":{"rendered":"ANAR — 18-ci il. Qanl\u0131 Mart"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"anar\"<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0“525-ci q\u0259zet” Xalq yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Anar\u0131n “Ya\u015famaq haqq\u0131” traktat\u0131ndan par\u00e7alar\u0131n d\u0259rcini davam etdirir.\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0Bu sayda\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>1918-ci il 31 Mart soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 haqda par\u00e7a oxuculara t\u0259qdim edilir.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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1917-ci ilin 19 mart\u0131nda Bak\u0131da f\u0259hl\u0259 deputatlar\u0131 soveti yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Onun \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259tini eserl\u0259r v\u0259 men\u015fevikl\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi, bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin iki, ya \u00fc\u00e7 yeri vard\u0131; buna baxmayaraq, sovetin s\u0259dri S.\u015eaumyan se\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n

Moskvada Stalinin Zaqafqaziyada v\u0259ziyy\u0259t haqq\u0131nda m\u0259ruz\u0259sind\u0259n sonra Leninin g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fil\u0259 S.\u015eaumyan Qafqaz \u00fczr\u0259 F\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 Komissar t\u0259yin olunmu\u015fdu.<\/p>\n

\u015e\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 yerli hakimiyy\u0259t – F\u0259t\u0259li xan Xoyskinin s\u0259drliyil\u0259 Bak\u0131 Dumas\u0131 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyi halda, \u015eaumyan\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi Bak\u0131 Soveti, onu(Duman\u0131) tan\u0131madan, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin yegan\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259ti elan etdi. Bak\u0131 Soveti bildirdi ki, Bak\u0131 quberniyas\u0131 Rusiyan\u0131n t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259sidir v\u0259 Bak\u0131 Soveti Leninin s\u0259dri oldu\u011fu Xalq Komissarlar\u0131 Sovetin\u0259 tabedir.<\/p>\n

Eyni zamanda, bol\u015fevik \u015eaumyan\u0131n ba\u015fqa partiya t\u0259msil\u00e7il\u0259ri, \u0259sas\u0259n da\u015fnaklarla \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri ba\u015flay\u0131r. Bunu Da\u015fnaks\u00fctunun ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan olan Ka\u00e7aznuni d\u0259 t\u0259sdiql\u0259yir. “Bak\u0131da Erm.\u0130nq.Da\u015fnaks\u00fctun partiyas\u0131 tatar h\u00f6kmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ehtiyatlanaraq yerli bol\u015fevikl\u0259rl\u0259 yet\u0259rinc\u0259 s\u0131x \u0259laq\u0259 saxlay\u0131r, h\u0259tta onlara yar\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131. (y\u0259ni az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n m\u0259hv edilm\u0259sind\u0259 -A.)<\/p>\n

1917-ci ilin oktyabr\u0131nda Bak\u0131 Sovetin\u0259 yeni se\u00e7kil\u0259r ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

F.Kaz\u0131mzad\u0259 yaz\u0131r: “Sovet\u0259 se\u00e7kil\u0259rd\u0259 “M\u00fcsavat” namiz\u0259dl\u0259ri \u0259ks\u0259r s\u0259sl\u0259ri\u00a0 qazanmalar\u0131na baxmayaraq, onlar bu orqana daxil edilm\u0259dil\u0259r. Ax\u0131r-ax\u0131rda Sovetin 84 sol\u00e7u eser, alt\u0131 men\u015fevik beyn\u0259lmil\u0259l\u00e7i, on be\u015f sol\u00e7u da\u015fnak, otuz bir bol\u015fevik, 52 n\u0259f\u0259r bol\u015fevikl\u0259r\u0259 meyilli v\u0259 15 n\u0259f\u0259r bit\u0259r\u0259f qald\u0131. Uzaqla\u015fanlar kobud s\u0259hv\u0259 yol verdil\u0259r, bu onlara baha ba\u015fa g\u0259ldi.<\/p>\n

(Xat\u0131rlama\u011fa d\u0259y\u0259r ki, m\u00fcst\u0259qil Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin Parlament t\u0259rkibin\u0259 7 da\u015fnak v\u0259 4 n\u0259f\u0259r ba\u015fqa erm\u0259ni daxil idi v\u0259 onlardan he\u00e7 biri bu qanunverici orqan\u0131n i\u015find\u0259 i\u015ftirak etm\u0259kd\u0259n boyun qa\u00e7\u0131rm\u0131rd\u0131).<\/p>\n

S.\u015eaumyan\u0131n Bak\u0131da ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etdiyi hakimiyy\u0259t \u0259slind\u0259 anti-az\u0259rbaycan rejimi idi. \u015eaumyan b\u00fct\u00fcn qalan Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 da \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 tabe etm\u0259k ist\u0259yirdi ki, sonra yenid\u0259n Rusiyan\u0131n ixtiyar\u0131na versin. Leninin imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131, xalqlar\u0131n \u00f6z m\u00fcq\u0259ddarat\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259ll etm\u0259k h\u00fcququ Deklarasiyas\u0131 il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, Bak\u0131da da eyni B\u0259yannam\u0259 q\u0259bul edilmi\u015fdi, bir f\u0259rql\u0259 ki, Rusiyadan ayr\u0131lmaq h\u00fcququ Zaqafqaziyaya verilmirdi. \u015eaumyan\u0131n m\u0259qs\u0259di bir t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n Bak\u0131n\u0131 qalan Az\u0259rbaycandan qoparmaq, g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 h\u0259r hans\u0131 inzibati b\u00f6lg\u00fcd\u0259 bol\u015fevik Rusiyas\u0131na ba\u011flamaq v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin demoqrafik t\u0259rkibini d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259k idi, t\u0259bii ki, ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin xeyrin\u0259. Proletar v\u0259 beyn\u0259lmil\u0259l\u00e7i \u015f\u00fcarlar\u0131yla p\u0259rd\u0259l\u0259n\u0259r\u0259k, \u015eaumyan tamamil\u0259 da\u015fnak siyas\u0259ti yeridirdi. T\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyil ki, onun h\u00f6kum\u0259tind\u0259 \u0259ks\u0259r v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259ri erm\u0259nil\u0259r – (a\u00e7\u0131q, ya gizlin) da\u015fnaklar tuturdu. \u015eaumyan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin v\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n c\u0259llad\u0131 Andronik Ozanyana n\u00fcmayi\u015fkaran\u0259 r\u0259\u011fb\u0259t bildirirdi: m\u00fcsavat\u00e7\u0131lar o q\u0259d\u0259r qudurublar ki, Bak\u0131n\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n paytaxt\u0131na \u00e7evirm\u0259yi arzulay\u0131rlar, -deyirdi:<\/p>\n

\u015eaumyan Androniki quldur d\u0259st\u0259sil\u0259 guya “inqilab\u0131n m\u00fcdafi\u0259si” \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259v\u0259t edirdi, “inqilab\u0131n m\u00fcdafi\u0259\u00e7isin\u0259” bax bir – T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin x\u0259yan\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 qula\u011f\u0131 k\u0259silmi\u015f sabiq pa\u015fas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131 Kommunas\u0131n\u0131n, \u015f\u0259xs\u0259n \u015eaumyan\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycana q\u0259nim k\u0259silm\u0259si 1918-ci ilin mart\u0131nda \u0259n bariz \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc. 30 martda saat 6-dan Bak\u0131 \u0259sl d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f meydan\u0131na \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdi: qar\u015f\u0131dak\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u0259rzind\u0259 bol\u015fevikl\u0259r da\u015fnaklarla birg\u0259 on minl\u0259rl\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirmi\u015fdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Bu x\u00fcsusi haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f basq\u0131nlar haqq\u0131nda dan\u0131lmaz faktlar Solmaz R\u00fcst\u0259mova Tohidinin “1918-ci ilin mart\u0131. Bak\u0131” kitab\u0131nda g\u00f6st\u0259rilir. Bu topluda h\u0259m\u00e7inin \u015eaumyan\u0131n m\u00f6vqeyini v\u0259 i\u00e7 \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc \u0259yani g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n bir s\u0131ra sitatlar verilir. \u015eaumyan R\u0259sulzad\u0259y\u0259 cavab olaraq m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259d\u0259l\u0259yir: “Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n muxtariyy\u0259tini ist\u0259y\u0259n m\u00fcsavat\u00e7\u0131lara n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 bir y\u0131\u011f\u0131n xaraba qalacaq”. Komunna\u00e7\u0131lar ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 b\u0259nz\u0259rsiz az\u011f\u0131nl\u0131qla da\u015fnaklar\u0131n mart basq\u0131nlar\u0131nda i\u015ftirak\u0131ndan d\u0259m vurur: “Biz\u00a0 atl\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259miz\u0259 silahl\u0131 basq\u0131n c\u0259hdini b\u0259han\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k b\u00fct\u00fcn c\u0259bh\u0259 boyu h\u00fccuma ke\u00e7dik. Bizim art\u0131q 6 min n\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 yax\u0131n silahl\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259miz var idi: “Da\u015fnaks\u00fctun”, h\u0259m\u00e7inin 3-4 minlik milli hiss\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259 bizim ixtiyar\u0131m\u0131zda idi. Sondak\u0131lar\u0131n i\u015ftirak\u0131 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f m\u00fcharib\u0259sin\u0259 qism\u0259n milli q\u0131r\u011f\u0131n xarakteri g\u0259tirdi. Amma bundan qa\u00e7ma\u011fa imkan yox idi. Biz bil\u0259r\u0259kd\u0259n buna getdik. Onlar Bak\u0131da \u00fcst\u00fcn g\u0259ls\u0259ydil\u0259r, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n paytaxt\u0131 elan edil\u0259c\u0259kdi”.<\/p>\n

V\u0259 ard\u0131nca: “Onlar\u0131n siyasi h\u0259d\u0259fl\u0259ri – Zaqafqaziyan\u0131n Rusiyadan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 protekturat\u0131na tabe edilm\u0259si – n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nsa, ayd\u0131nd\u0131r ki, onlar\u0131n Bak\u0131da q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259si Rusiya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Zaqafqaziyan\u0131n itirilm\u0259sin\u0259 g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xaracaqd\u0131”.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00fczd\u0259niraq “kommunist beyn\u0259lmil\u0259l\u00e7inin” \u0259qid\u0259sinin “c\u00f6h\u0259ri” Bak\u0131 Sovetinin 1918-ci il, 19 aprel tarixli iclas\u0131ndak\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ifad\u0259 olunmu\u015fdu: “Bak\u0131da, n\u0259hay\u0259t asayi\u015f\u0259 ox\u015far bir durum b\u0259rpa olunduqda, k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259r minl\u0259rl\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fc c\u0259s\u0259dl\u0259rind\u0259n t\u0259mizl\u0259ndikd\u0259, yan\u011f\u0131nlar s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fckd\u0259 Sovet \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck q\u00fcvv\u0259 kimi y\u00fcks\u0259ldi. M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar (!-A.) m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259t\u0259 u\u011frad\u0131lar v\u0259 tamam t\u0259rkisilah edildil\u0259r, erm\u0259nil\u0259r is\u0259 z\u0259ifl\u0259dil\u0259r”.<\/p>\n

H\u0259tta da\u015fnak lideri Ka\u00e7aznuni d\u0259 etiraf edirdi ki, “martda bol\u015fevik-m\u00fcs\u0259lman davas\u0131 \u0259snas\u0131nda m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisinin q\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ba\u015f vermi\u015fdir. H\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nd Ka\u00e7aznuni \u0259lav\u0259 edir: bu vurhavur h\u0259min ilin sentyabr\u0131nda t\u00fcrk-Az\u0259rbaycan silahl\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin Bak\u0131ya y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259n sonrak\u0131 erm\u0259ni \u0259halisinin q\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan “miqyasca az idi”.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6hn\u0259 bol\u015fevik S.M.\u018ff\u0259ndiyev qeyd edirdi ki, “da\u015fnaklar yaln\u0131z m\u00fcsavat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 deyil, \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131 q\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u015eaumyan, \u00c7aparidze v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 \u00f6zl\u0259ri da\u015fnaklar\u0131n girovlar\u0131 olmu\u015fdular”.<\/p>\n

N.N\u0259rimanov ad\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n komissarlara m\u0259ktubunda vur\u011fulay\u0131rd\u0131 ki, “bu hadis\u0259l\u0259r “Sovet hakimiyy\u0259tini l\u0259k\u0259l\u0259dil\u0259r v\u0259 qaralad\u0131lar”.<\/p>\n

Amma \u015eaumyan\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259ri Leninin h\u0259rar\u0259tli t\u0259qdirin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu v\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rd\u0259n bel\u0259 teleqram g\u0259ldi: “\u018fziz yolda\u015f \u015eaumyan! Biz sizin m\u00f6hk\u0259m v\u0259 q\u0259tiyy\u0259tli siyas\u0259tiniz\u0259 heyran\u0131q, bu siyas\u0259t\u0259 \u0259n ehtiyatl\u0131 diplomatiyan\u0131 da qat\u0131n, \u00e7\u00fcnki\u00a0 indiki \u00e7\u0259tind\u0259n-\u00e7\u0259tin \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259, bu, \u00e7ox z\u0259ruridir v\u0259 onda biz qalib g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yik”.<\/p>\n

Leninin hans\u0131 “diplomatiyan\u0131” n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutdu\u011fu sovetl\u0259rin Az\u0259rbaycana qar\u015f\u0131 sonrak\u0131 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n ayd\u0131n oldu.<\/p>\n

Qriqori Vol\u0131nski yaz\u0131r: “Mart\u0131n 18-d\u0259 da\u015fnak h\u0259rbi hiss\u0259l\u0259ri Sovdepin s\u0259dri (\u015eaumyan -A.) raz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u0259ksinqilabla m\u00fcbariz\u0259 b\u0259han\u0259siyl\u0259 Bak\u0131da az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 basq\u0131nlar t\u00f6r\u0259tdil\u0259r. 12 min n\u0259f\u0259r \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, bir ne\u00e7\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman m\u0259h\u0259ll\u0259si yand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, ba\u015f Bak\u0131 m\u0259scidi g\u00fcll\u0259baran oldu. Yaln\u0131z ba\u015fqa komissarlar – Petrov v\u0259 \u00c7aparidzenin erm\u0259ni m\u0259h\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259rini top at\u0259\u015fin\u0259 tutma\u011fla h\u0259d\u0259l\u0259dikd\u0259n v\u0259 q\u0259ti m\u00fcdaxil\u0259sind\u0259n sonra basq\u0131nlar dayand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bak\u0131dan \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lan da\u015fnak hiss\u0259l\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n q\u0259dim paytaxt\u0131 \u015eamax\u0131n\u0131, Quban\u0131, ba\u015fqa \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259ri da\u011f\u0131td\u0131lar, talan etdil\u0259r. 1918-1920-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 \u0130r\u0259van quberniyas\u0131ndan 280 min az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 qovulmu\u015f, \u0259n az\u0131 70 min n\u0259f\u0259r \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. Bunu genosid adland\u0131rmay\u0131b n\u0259 dey\u0259s\u0259n?” (“Ob\u015faya qazeta”, 30 aprel-6 may 1998 il).<\/p>\n

\u015eaumyan\u0131n yamanca xoflanmalar\u0131na baxmayaraq, Bak\u0131 m\u00fcst\u0259qil Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n paytaxt\u0131 oldu. M\u00fcs\u0259lman sakinl\u0259ri q\u0131ran canil\u0259r (Stepan Lalayev v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131) h\u0259bs edilmi\u015f, m\u0259hkum olunmu\u015f v\u0259…1920-ci il fevral\u0131n 9-da Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n beyn\u0259lxalq tan\u0131nmas\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259til\u0259 \u0259fv edilmi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Kommunist-da\u015fnak m\u00fctt\u0259fiql\u0259rin anti-Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259ri Bak\u0131yla m\u0259hdudla\u015fm\u0131rd\u0131. Komunan\u0131n yaraql\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri da\u015fnaklarla \u0259lbir olub \u015eaumyan\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u0259rinc\u0259 “b\u00fct\u00fcn c\u0259bh\u0259 boyu h\u00fccuma ke\u00e7mi\u015fdil\u0259r”. Da\u015fnak komandiri Amazasp Quba camaat\u0131na \u00fcz tutub d\u00f6\u015f\u00fcn\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fcrd\u00fc: “M\u0259n erm\u0259ni xalq\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131 v\u0259 hayan\u0131yam. M\u0259n buraya c\u0259zaland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259yl\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rilmi\u015f\u0259m (\u015eaumyan t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n – A.). M\u0259n\u0259 \u0259mr verilib ki, d\u0259niz sahill\u0259rind\u0259n \u015eahda\u011f\u0131nad\u0259k b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131 q\u0131ram v\u0259 sizin evl\u0259rinizi yerl\u0259-yeksan ed\u0259m”.<\/p>\n

\u201c26 komissar\u201d\u0131n biri Tetevos \u018fmirov v\u0259 Stepan Lalayevin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etdiyi d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri \u015eamax\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259halisini q\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, 40-d\u0259k k\u0259ndi talan etmi\u015fdil\u0259r. \u015eamax\u0131da C\u00fcm\u0259 m\u0259scidin\u0259 dinc \u0259halini u\u015faql\u0131-qad\u0131nl\u0131 y\u0131\u011f\u0131b diri-diri yand\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. H\u0259min Bak\u0131 komissar\u0131 Tatevos \u018fmirov \u0259lalt\u0131lar\u0131yla “\u0130smailiyy\u0259” binas\u0131na (indi Elml\u0259r Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n R\u0259yas\u0259t Hey\u0259ti yerl\u0259\u015fir) soxulub\u00a0\u00a0 yand\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Qanl\u0131 terror Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n h\u00fcdudlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015f\u0131b ke\u00e7mi\u015fdi. “Az\u0259rbaycan” q\u0259zeti 1918-ci ild\u0259 1-ci say\u0131nda yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n \u0130r\u0259van quberniyas\u0131ndak\u0131 v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti t\u0259svir olunmazd\u0131r. Cari ilin ax\u0131r\u0131nad\u0259k talan edilmi\u015f m\u00fcs\u0259lman k\u0259ndl\u0259rinin say\u0131 199-a \u00e7at\u0131rd\u0131. Bu k\u0259ndl\u0259rin 135000 n\u0259f\u0259r sakinl\u0259ri bir hiss\u0259si\u00a0 erm\u0259nil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirilmi\u015f v\u0259 ac\u0131ndan \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f, bir hiss\u0259si is\u0259 t\u00fcrk qo\u015funlar\u0131 tutan \u0259razil\u0259r\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r”.<\/p>\n

S\u0259ks\u0259n il \u00f6t\u00fcb ke\u00e7\u0259c\u0259k, bu d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli basq\u0131n v\u0259 q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlara Prezident Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev: “Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 genosid haqq\u0131nda” f\u0259rman\u0131nda m\u00fcst\u0259qil Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 ad\u0131ndan qiym\u0259t ver\u0259c\u0259k. F\u0259rmanda deyilir: “Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n XIX-XX \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 ba\u015f\u0131na g\u0259lmi\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcn faci\u0259l\u0259ri torpaqlar\u0131n i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fc\u015faiy\u0259t olunaraq, erm\u0259nil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcurlu v\u0259 planl\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fdirdikl\u0259ri genosid siyas\u0259tinin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

Bu hadis\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n yaln\u0131z birin\u0259 1918-ci il mart q\u0131r\u011f\u0131n\u0131na siyasi qiym\u0259t verilm\u0259y\u0259 c\u0259hd g\u00f6st\u0259rilmi\u015fdir. Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 t\u00f6r\u0259dilmi\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcn bu genosid faci\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar q\u0259rara al\u0131ram:<\/p>\n

31 Mart g\u00fcn\u00fc az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 Genosid g\u00fcn\u00fc elan edilsin.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Milli M\u0259clisin\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 genosidl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 h\u0259sr olunmu\u015f x\u00fcsusi sessiya ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 bax\u0131lmas\u0131 t\u00f6vsiy\u0259 edilsin.<\/p>\n

Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev
\nAz\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Prezidenti, Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri, 20 mart 1998-ci il<\/strong><\/p>\n

S.\u015eaumyan\u0131n, onun silahda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n aqib\u0259ti dramatik \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 bitdi. Onun hakimiyy\u0259ti, m\u00fcsavat\u00e7\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 blok yaratma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserl\u0259r, men\u015fevikl\u0259r, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 h\u0259min da\u015fnaklar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n x\u0259yan\u0259t\u0259 m\u0259ruz qald\u0131. Bak\u0131 Soveti, b\u00fct\u00fcn komissarlar\u0131 zindana atan Sentrokaspi diktaturas\u0131na hakimiyy\u0259ti t\u0259hvil verm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur oldu, iyirmi iki ya\u015fl\u0131 A.Mikoyan dustaqxanadan qa\u00e7ma\u011fa v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn yolda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 – \u015eaumyan ba\u015fda olmaqla, – qurtarmas\u0131na nail olur. Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 1934-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f “\u0130yirmi alt\u0131 Bak\u0131 komissar\u0131” kitab\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259llifi E.Burcalov yazsa da, Anastas \u0130vanovi\u00e7 Mikoyan\u0131n buna nec\u0259 nail oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131qlam\u0131r. \u015eaumyan, \u00c7aparidze, Fioletov v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 “Leyla” barkas\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131q d\u0259niz\u0259 \u00fcz qoyurlar. Az sonra barkasin komandas\u0131 \u00fcsyan edir ki, onlar\u0131n Bak\u0131da ail\u0259l\u0259ri qalm\u0131\u015f, H\u0259\u015ft\u0259rxana ged\u0259n deyill\u0259r. Komissarlar Bak\u0131ya qay\u0131tmal\u0131 olur. Sahild\u0259 onlar\u0131 silahl\u0131-yaraql\u0131 da\u015fnak, eser, men\u015fevik d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri haqlay\u0131r. 35 n\u0259f\u0259r, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n, S.\u015eaumyan, \u00c7aparidze, \u018fzizb\u0259yov, Fioletov v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 h\u0259bs olunur, \u015eamax\u0131 yolundak\u0131 t\u00fcrm\u0259y\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131r, daha sonra Bay\u0131l dustaqxanas\u0131na k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

F.Kaz\u0131mzad\u0259 yaz\u0131r ki, “Hans\u0131sa s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n (!-A.) h\u0259bs olunmam\u0131\u015f Mikoyan m\u0259hbuslar\u0131n azad edilm\u0259si \u0259mrinin verilm\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 onlar\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycan d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rinin \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 daxil olmas\u0131na bir ne\u00e7\u0259 saat qalm\u0131\u015f zindandan \u00e7\u0131xarmas\u0131na m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259q olur”.<\/p>\n

Mikoyan \u00f6z\u00fc Bak\u0131 Komissarlar\u0131yla, \u015eaumyan\u0131n o\u011fullar\u0131, \u00c7aparidzenin Fioletovun arvadlar\u0131 v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 il\u0259 H\u0259\u015ft\u0259rxana getm\u0259k niyy\u0259til\u0259 “T\u00fcrkm\u0259n” g\u0259misin\u0259 minirl\u0259r. Lakin d\u0259niz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan g\u0259mi istiqam\u0259tini d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259r\u0259k s\u0259rni\u015finl\u0259ri Krasnovodska apar\u0131r. Satq\u0131nlar q\u0259sd\u00e7il\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259rni\u015finl\u0259rin aras\u0131ndan komissarlar\u0131 “d\u0259nl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259”, a\u015fkarlama\u011fa k\u00f6m\u0259k edirl\u0259r. \u015eaumyan\u0131n \u00f6vladlar\u0131, Surenl\u0259 Levonu, \u00c7aparidzenin, Fioletovun arvadlar\u0131n\u0131, Mikoyan\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc (!-A.) dustaqxanaya sal\u0131rlar, qalan komissarlar\u0131 qatarla A\u011fcaqum s\u0259hras\u0131na apar\u0131b orada r\u0259smi m\u0259lumata g\u00f6r\u0259 g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259yirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Mikoyana g\u0259linc\u0259, o, ixtiyar ya\u015f\u0131nad\u0259k \u00f6m\u00fcr s\u00fcrd\u00fc, Sovet \u0130ttifaq\u0131 h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin yuxar\u0131 m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259, nec\u0259 deyirdil\u0259r, “\u0130li\u00e7d\u0259n \u0130li\u00e7\u0259d\u0259k infarkt, paralic g\u00f6rm\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k” qald\u0131. Sovet tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri komissarlar\u0131n faci\u0259vi aqib\u0259tind\u0259 ingilisl\u0259ri v\u0259 sentrokaspi diktaturas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcnahland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Amma h\u0259min E.Burcalov yaz\u0131r ki, izl\u0259ri \u00f6rt-basd\u0131r etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259nin t\u0259\u015fkilat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 komissarlar\u0131n guya Hindistana apar\u0131ld\u0131qlar\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 \u015faiy\u0259l\u0259r yay\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Uzun ill\u0259r boyu Sovet tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131 26 r\u0259q\u0259mind\u0259n tutmu\u015f bu hadis\u0259l\u0259ri, \u0259fsan\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirirdi. Halbuki bu r\u0259q\u0259m n\u0259 komissarlar\u0131n say\u0131na, n\u0259 tutulanlar\u0131n say\u0131na uy\u011fun g\u0259lmir, bu r\u0259q\u0259m \u0259d\u0259biyyatda, elm al\u0259mind\u0259 V.Mayakovski, S.Yesenin, bir \u00e7ox Az\u0259rbaycan \u015fairl\u0259rinin poemalar\u0131nda \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vil\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015fdir. O ki qald\u0131, Hindistan versiyas\u0131na, r\u0259hm\u0259tlik Ziya B\u00fcnyadov iddia edirdi ki, S.\u015eaumyan, \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc Hindistanda ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Do\u011frudan da komissarlar\u0131n Bak\u0131ya g\u0259tirilmi\u015f s\u00fcm\u00fckl\u0259ri ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131landa \u015eaumyan\u0131n n\u0259\u015fi a\u015fkar olunmam\u0131\u015f, \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 iyirmi alt\u0131 yox, iyirmi \u00fc\u00e7 n\u0259f\u0259rin c\u0259s\u0259d qal\u0131qlar\u0131 tap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkl\u0259ri min bir g\u00fcnahda su\u00e7layan Sovet tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri komissarlar\u0131n q\u0259tlini he\u00e7 v\u0259chl\u0259 onlar\u0131n ad\u0131na yaza bilm\u0259zdil\u0259r, \u00e7\u00fcnki komissarlar, t\u00fcrkl\u0259r Bak\u0131ya girm\u0259mi\u015fd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l apar\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Onlar\u0131n h\u0259bs olunmas\u0131 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin vaxt\u0131nda ba\u015f vers\u0259ydi, Sovet tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri yetmi\u015f il boyu Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n “\u015fanl\u0131 o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131” \u015eaumyan, \u00c7aparidze, \u018fmiryan, Osipyan v\u0259 yetmi\u015f il Bak\u0131da heyk\u0259ll\u0259\u015f\u0259n, \u015f\u0259rqil\u0259n\u0259n ba\u015fqa bol\u015fevik f\u0259dail\u0259rini yox ed\u0259n “t\u00fcrk q\u0259sbkarlar\u0131n\u0131” dam\u011falayacaqd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131 Sovetinin silahl\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri G\u0259nc\u0259ni \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irm\u0259k, orada yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tini y\u0131xmaq niyy\u0259til\u0259 top-t\u00fcf\u0259ngl\u0259 K\u00fcrd\u0259mir\u0259d\u0259k yeridil\u0259r, yol\u00fcst\u00fc k\u0259ndl\u0259r\u0259 divan tuta-tuta, q\u0131ra-q\u0131ra…<\/p>\n

Qana q\u0259ltan olmu\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n imdad\u0131na T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259n \u0130slam Qafqaz Ordusu \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yetirdi. Ona cavan general, h\u0259rbi nazir \u018fnv\u0259r pa\u015fan\u0131n qarda\u015f\u0131 Nuru pa\u015fa ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q edirdi. \u0130slam Qafqaz Ordusu v\u0259 Bak\u0131 Kommunas\u0131 qo\u015funlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda h\u0259lledici d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f G\u00f6y\u00e7ay h\u0259nd\u0259v\u0259rind\u0259 ba\u015f vermi\u015f v\u0259 d\u00f6rd g\u00fcn davam etmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n

“Az\u0259rbaycan Kommunist Partiyas\u0131 tarixinin o\u00e7erkl\u0259ri”nd\u0259 (1985) deyilir: “1918-ci ilin 27 iyun-1 iyul g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 G\u00f6y\u00e7ay rayonunda ged\u0259n \u015fidd\u0259tli d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259 Sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131 m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259t\u0259 u\u011frad\u0131lar v\u0259 geriy\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kildil\u0259r. Bak\u0131 Kommunas\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259rbi v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti k\u0259skin sur\u0259td\u0259 pisl\u0259\u015fdi. Qafqaz Q\u0131z\u0131l ordusunun Bak\u0131 b\u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259ri m\u00fcdafi\u0259y\u0259 ke\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur oldular. Bol\u015fevikl\u0259r t\u00fcrk interventl\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u00fcsavat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n h\u00fccumunu dayand\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259rini \u0259sig\u0259mirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

M.\u018fzizb\u0259yov, E.A.Berg, P.A.\u00c7aparidze, G.N.Korgenov, M.M.M\u0259mm\u0259dyarov, \u0130.V.Maligin, A.\u0130.Mikoyan, B.M.S\u0259rdarov, F.F.Solntsev, H.H.Soltanov v\u0259 ba\u015fqa r\u0259hb\u0259r partiya i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri \u0259lind\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259ni edirdil\u0259r ki, qo\u015funlar\u0131n geril\u0259m\u0259sin\u0259 yol verilm\u0259sin”.<\/p>\n

\u0130ndi “O\u00e7erkl\u0259r”d\u0259n bu par\u00e7an\u0131 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u0259r\u0259k m\u0259n yaln\u0131z \u00f6z xalq\u0131n\u0131n tarixinin h\u0259qiqi s\u00fcjetl\u0259rini h\u0259yas\u0131zcas\u0131na ba\u015f-ayaq \u00e7evir\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259rin f\u0259ndgirliyind\u0259n heyr\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lir\u0259m; h\u0259m d\u0259 q\u0259rib\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcns\u0259 d\u0259 uzun ill\u0259r boyu g\u0259zib dola\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131m k\u00f6hn\u0259 Bak\u0131 haqq\u0131nda nostalji xatir\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 dal\u0131ram.<\/p>\n

Ax\u0131 el\u0259 bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259r xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 m\u0259hv olmaqdan xilas etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara qar\u015f\u0131 vuru\u015fan bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin adlar\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131lar. M\u0259nim atam h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 Bak\u0131 komissarlar\u0131na soyuq m\u00fcnasib\u0259t b\u0259sl\u0259yirdi, h\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nd o, d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259nd\u0259n sonra biz\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131lan h\u0259qiq\u0259tl\u0259rin y\u00fczd\u0259 birini d\u0259 bilmirdi. Onun u\u015faql\u0131q yadda\u015f\u0131nda G\u00f6y\u00e7ay\u0131n \u0259traf yamaclar\u0131ndan Bak\u0131 Kommunas\u0131 toplar\u0131n\u0131n at\u0259\u015f ya\u011fd\u0131rmas\u0131 h\u0259kk olunmu\u015fdu, d\u00f6n\u0259-d\u00f6n\u0259 biz\u0259 bu bar\u0259d\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131 G\u00f6y\u00e7ayda geri otuzdurulandan\u00a0 v\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259nd\u0259n sonra Bak\u0131ya yol faktiki olaraq a\u00e7\u0131q idi v\u0259 onun t\u00fcrk v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n al\u0131nmas\u0131 lab\u00fcd idi.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131ya 867 d\u0259f\u0259 bax\u0131l\u0131b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u00a0“525-ci q\u0259zet” Xalq yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Anar\u0131n “Ya\u015famaq haqq\u0131” traktat\u0131ndan par\u00e7alar\u0131n d\u0259rcini davam etdirir.\u00a0\u00a0Bu sayda\u00a01918-ci il 31 Mart soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 haqda par\u00e7a oxuculara t\u0259qdim edilir.   1917-ci ilin 19 mart\u0131nda Bak\u0131da f\u0259hl\u0259 deputatlar\u0131 soveti yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Onun \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259tini eserl\u0259r v\u0259 men\u015fevikl\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi, bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin iki, ya \u00fc\u00e7 yeri vard\u0131; buna baxmayaraq, sovetin s\u0259dri S.\u015eaumyan se\u00e7ildi. Moskvada Stalinin Zaqafqaziyada v\u0259ziyy\u0259t […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[16,3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9039"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9039"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9039\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9040,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9039\/revisions\/9040"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9039"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9039"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9039"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}