{"id":9230,"date":"2015-05-19T11:23:47","date_gmt":"2015-05-19T06:23:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=9230"},"modified":"2015-05-19T11:23:47","modified_gmt":"2015-05-19T06:23:47","slug":"sahnaz-kamal-h%c9%99kimin-sonuncu-diaqnozu-ich-sterbe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=9230","title":{"rendered":"\u015eahnaz Kamal–H\u0259kimin sonuncu diaqnozu: \u201cIch sterbe\u2026\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"C828D9EE-748E-475D-99D0-4A1581061BBB_w268\"<\/a><\/p>\n

1860-c\u0131 ild\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc\u00a0 gildaya aid olan tacirin evind\u0259 o\u011flan u\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259 he\u00e7 kim onun Rusiyada, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 d\u00fcnyada tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcman etmirdi.
\nAil\u0259 Taqanroqda ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131. Cavan o\u011flan \u00a0gimnaziyaya q\u0259bul olunan vaxt atas\u0131 onlar\u0131 bird\u0259f\u0259lik t\u0259rk ed\u0259r\u0259k Moskvaya g\u0259lir. Sonralar Anton varl\u0131 qohumlar\u0131n evin\u0259 nahar\u00a0 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn getdiyini, acl\u0131q ucbat\u0131ndan d\u0259rsl\u0259rin\u0259 m\u00fctamadi ged\u0259 bilm\u0259diyini v\u0259 kas\u0131bl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 dig\u0259r ac\u0131lar\u0131 k\u0259d\u0259rl\u0259 xat\u0131rlay\u0131rd\u0131.
\n1874-c\u00fc ild\u0259 soyuq suda \u00e7imdikd\u0259n sonra o a\u011f\u0131r x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259nir. O vaxt Anton gimnaziya yolda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ail\u0259sin\u0259 qonaq idi v\u0259 qorxmu\u015f ail\u0259 onu \u0259razid\u0259 ya\u015fayan yegan\u0259 tibb i\u015f\u00e7isinin yan\u0131na g\u0259tirir. Xardal yaxmas\u0131 v\u0259 kompressl\u0259 m\u00fcalic\u0259 olunan g\u0259nc \u00c7exov o zaman sa\u011falsa da, bu hadis\u0259 sonradan onun s\u0259n\u0259t se\u00e7imin\u0259 \u00a0v\u0259 \u00fcmumilikd\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131na birba\u015fa t\u0259sir edir . X\u0259st\u0259liyin \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri onu b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6mr\u00fc boyu izl\u0259yir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7exov 1878-ci ild\u0259 Moskva universitetinin tibb fak\u00fclt\u0259sin\u0259 q\u0259bul olunur. 19 ya\u015f\u0131ndan yazma\u011fa ba\u015flayan g\u0259nc ilk vaxtlar buna b\u00f6y\u00fck ail\u0259sinin doland\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u0259lir vasit\u0259si kimi bax\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

El\u0259 bu vaxtlarda Anton Pavlovi\u00e7 bac\u0131s\u0131 Ma\u015fan\u0131n r\u0259fiq\u0259si Yevdokiya Efrosa vurulur v\u0259 evl\u0259nm\u0259 t\u0259klifi edir. Bu evlilik ba\u015f tutmasa da, \u00c7exovla Efrosun dostlu\u011fu onun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r davam edir.
\nEfrosdan sonra Knipper\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u00c7exov he\u00e7 kim\u0259 evlilik t\u0259klifi etm\u0259mi\u015fdi. V\u0259r\u0259min \u015fidd\u0259tl\u0259ndirdiyi seksual ehtiyaclar\u0131n\u0131 is\u0259\u00a0 \u00fcmumi evl\u0259rd\u0259 \u00f6d\u0259y\u0259rdi.<\/p>\n

Universiteti bitirdikd\u0259n sonra \u00c7exov\u00a0 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsd\u0259n xahi\u015f edir ki, onun Peterburqda olan x\u0259st\u0259xanalardan birind\u0259 \u00a0\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Botkin\u0259 a\u011f\u0131z a\u00e7s\u0131n. Lakin bu c\u0259hd n\u0259tic\u0259 vermir. O, u\u015faq x\u0259st\u0259xanas\u0131na da h\u0259kim d\u00fcz\u0259l\u0259 bilmir v\u0259 \u0259yal\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n birind\u0259 h\u0259kim i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r.<\/p>\n

H\u0259kim i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259nd\u0259 \u00c7exov v\u0259r\u0259m x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 x\u00fcsusi diqq\u0259tl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. O \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 bu sa\u011falmaz x\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 m\u00fcbt\u0259la oldu\u011funu hiss etmi\u015fdi. \u00c7\u00fcnki \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259r \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131q-ayd\u0131n g\u00f6st\u0259rirdi.<\/p>\n

\u00c7exov h\u0259kim oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn diaqnozunu d\u00fczg\u00fcn t\u0259yin ed\u0259 bilmi\u015fdi. 1884-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u201cOskolki\u201d\u00a0 jurnal\u0131n\u0131n redaktoru\u00a0 Nikolay Leykin\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131:\u201d Bax, art\u0131q \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr ki, \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259, k\u0259ndd\u0259 d\u0259 bo\u011faz\u0131mdan qan\u00a0 g\u0259lir. Bu qanaxma m\u0259n\u0259 yazma\u011fa v\u0259 Piter\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259yim\u0259 mane olur\u2026\u00dc\u00e7 g\u00fcn\u00a0 a\u011f t\u00fcp\u00fcrc\u0259k\u00a0 g\u00f6rm\u0259dim. Kolleqalar\u0131m\u00a0 zorla t\u0131xad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 d\u0259rmanlar m\u0259n\u0259 n\u0259 vaxt k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259c\u0259yini is\u0259 dey\u0259 bilm\u0259r\u0259m\u2026 Sa\u011f olsun yen\u0259 \u0259cza\u00e7\u0131,d\u0259rmanlar\u0131 ucuz qiym\u0259t\u0259 verir\u2026 N\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r g\u00fclm\u0259li g\u00f6r\u00fcns\u0259 d\u0259, indi m\u0259nim x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rim var. Onlara ba\u015f \u00e7\u0259km\u0259m laz\u0131md\u0131r\u2026\u201d
\n1888-ci ild\u0259 na\u015fir Suvorin\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259ktubda is\u0259, \u00c7exov x\u0259st\u0259liyinin \u015fidd\u0259tl\u0259ndiyini,\u00a0 sa\u011f a\u011fc\u0131y\u0259rind\u0259n qan g\u0259ldiyini yaz\u0131r. 1897-ci ild\u0259 m\u00fcayin\u0259 olunanda h\u0259kiml\u0259r onun sa\u011f a\u011fciy\u0259rind\u0259 problem oldu\u011funu t\u0259sdiql\u0259yirl\u0259r.
\nBu ill\u0259rd\u0259 art\u0131q \u00c7exov m\u0259\u015fhur v\u0259 d\u0259bd\u0259 olan yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 idi. Ona Pu\u015fkin m\u00fckafat\u0131 t\u0259ltif etmi\u015fdil\u0259r v\u0259 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri qal\u0131n jurnallarda d\u0259rc olunurdu.<\/p>\n

M\u0259\u015fhur yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti g\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcnd\u0259n a\u011f\u0131rla\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Onun, 186 sm boyu il\u0259 62 kq \u00e7\u0259kisi vard\u0131. \u00c7ox ciddi m\u00fcalic\u0259 olunsa da, n\u0259tic\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

S\u0259hh\u0259tind\u0259ki ciddi probleml\u0259r\u0259 baxmayaraq, \u00c7exov\u00a0 1901-ci ild\u0259 evl\u0259nir.\u00a0 \u00c7exovun se\u00e7imi \u00e7oxlar\u0131nda t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcb do\u011furur. Bu, aktrisa Olqa Leonardovna Knipper idi. Onlar 1898-ci ild\u0259 Moskva B\u0259dii Teatr\u0131nda \u201c Qa\u011fay\u0131\u201d v\u0259 \u201c\u00c7ar Fedor \u0130oannovi\u00e7\u201d tama\u015faya qoyulark\u0259n tan\u0131\u015f olmu\u015fdular. Evl\u0259n\u0259n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r bir-biri il\u0259 s\u0131x m\u0259ktub \u0259laq\u0259si saxlayan, aradabir Moskvada v\u0259 ya Yaltada g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u0259k imkan\u0131 qazanan c\u00fctl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00a0 r\u0259smi nigaha girm\u0259l\u0259ri \u00e7oxlar\u0131n heyr\u0259tl\u0259ndiri v\u0259 naraz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Anton Pavlovi\u00e7 ail\u0259, u\u015faq arzusunda olsa da, s\u0259n\u0259tini he\u00e7 v\u0259cl\u0259 ail\u0259y\u0259 qurban verm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k bir qad\u0131nla evl\u0259nmi\u015fdir. X\u0259st\u0259liyi il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar\u00a0 olaraq ilin \u00e7ox hiss\u0259sini \u00a0Yaltada ya\u015fayan yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n xan\u0131m\u0131 i\u015fi il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar olaraq Moskvada qal\u0131rd\u0131. Onlar\u0131n u\u015faqlar\u0131 olmad\u0131. Bir d\u0259f\u0259 hamil\u0259 qalan Olqa Knipper u\u015fa\u011f\u0131 itirir.
\nOlqa Leanardovna m\u0259ktublar\u0131ndan birind\u0259 \u0259rin\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201c S\u0259n\u0259, hardasa uzaqlarda\u00a0 mifik arvad\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259k q\u0259rib\u0259dir, deyilmi? Bu nec\u0259 d\u0259 g\u00fclm\u0259lidir. S\u0259ni \u00e7oxlu-\u00e7oxlu qucaqlay\u0131b \u00f6p\u00fcr\u0259m, m\u0259nim mifik \u0259rim.\u201d
\nOlqa Leanardovna m\u0259ktublar\u0131nda Anton Pavlovi\u00e7l\u0259 evl\u0259nm\u0259kd\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn add\u0131m atmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, buna pe\u015fiman oldu\u011funu d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rdl\u0259 yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131: \u201cM\u0259n s\u0259n\u0259 , bel\u0259 bir insana qar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u0259mi\u015f add\u0131m atd\u0131m. \u018fg\u0259r\u00a0 s\u0259hn\u0259d\u0259ydims\u0259, t\u0259nha qalmal\u0131 idim v\u0259 he\u00e7 kimin z\u0259hl\u0259sini t\u00f6km\u0259m\u0259li idim.\u201d
\n\u00c7exovsa cavab\u0131nda yaz\u0131rd\u0131 : \u201c Bo\u015f-bo\u015f dan\u0131\u015fma. S\u0259n q\u0131\u015f\u0131 m\u0259niml\u0259 qala bilm\u0259diyin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00fcnahkar deyils\u0259n. \u018fksin\u0259, \u0259g\u0259r \u00a0bir-birimizin i\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259 mane olmuruqsa , biz s\u0259ninl\u0259 \u00e7ox yax\u015f\u0131 \u0259r-arvad\u0131q. S\u0259n teatr\u0131 sevirs\u0259n, deyilmi? \u018fg\u0259r sevm\u0259s\u0259ydin, onda ba\u015fqa m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259.\u201d
\nKnipperin vicdan\u0131 ona rahatl\u0131q vermirdi. Yaltadak\u0131 evind\u0259 anas\u0131 v\u0259 bac\u0131s\u0131 il\u0259 ya\u015fayan \u0259rin\u0259 tez-tez ba\u015f \u00e7\u0259k\u0259 bilm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn o teatrda yerin\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zedici aktyor haz\u0131rlad\u0131. \u201cAntonka, s\u0259ni \u00e7oxmu ac\u0131qland\u0131r\u0131ram?\u00a0 S\u0259ni tez-tezmi narahat edir\u0259m? Ba\u011f\u0131\u015fla m\u0259ni, \u0259zizim, q\u0131z\u0131l\u0131m m\u0259nim, bu el\u0259 utancvericidir ki. M\u0259n nec\u0259 d\u0259 murdaram.\u201d- Olqa Knipper yaz\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00c7exovun s\u0259hh\u0259ti getdikc\u0259 pisl\u0259\u015firdi. 3 iyun 1904-c\u00fc ild\u0259 o xan\u0131m\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Moskvadan xaric\u0259 yola d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.
\nBadenveylerd\u0259n bac\u0131s\u0131 Ma\u015faya \u00fcnvanlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonuncu m\u0259ktubda \u00c7exov yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201c\u018fzizim Ma\u015fa,\u00a0 bura \u00e7ox istidir. \u00d6z\u00fcml\u0259 yaln\u0131z q\u0131\u015f paltar\u0131 g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fcmd\u0259n, istil\u0259r m\u0259ni q\u0259fil yaxalad\u0131 , n\u0259f\u0259sim k\u0259silir v\u0259 yegan\u0259 arzum buradan tez getm\u0259kdir. Amma haraya? \u0130taliyaya, Komoya getm\u0259k ist\u0259dim, amma orada da ham\u0131 istil\u0259rin \u0259lind\u0259n qa\u00e7\u0131b. Avropan\u0131n c\u0259nubunda, h\u0259r yerd\u0259 istidir. \u0130st\u0259dim poroxodla Triestadan Odessaya\u00a0 gedim, ancaq bilmir\u0259m, indi, iyun-iyulda bu n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r m\u00fcm\u00fck\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u2026 Bilmir\u0259m n\u0259 edim.
\nOlqa m\u0259n\u0259 nazik kostyum\u00a0 sifari\u015f etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Freyburqa gedib, burada, Badenveylerd\u0259 n\u0259 \u00e7\u0259km\u0259\u00e7i, n\u0259 d\u0259 d\u0259rzi var\u2026<\/p>\n

Yax\u015f\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131qla qal \u00a0v\u0259 \u015f\u0259n ol. Anaya, Vanyaya, Corca , n\u0259n\u0259y\u0259\u00a0 v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131na salam de. Yaz. S\u0259ni \u00f6p\u00fcr v\u0259 \u0259lini s\u0131x\u0131ram.\u201d
\nBu, \u00c7exovun sonuncu m\u0259ktubu oldu. O, 2 iyul 1904-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Badenvaylerd\u0259ki oteld\u0259\u00a0 Anton Pavlovi\u00e7 \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc divara \u00e7evirdi v\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 sonuncu diaqnozu qoydu: \u201c\u0130ch sterbe\u2026\u201d- \u201cM\u0259n \u00f6l\u00fcr\u0259m\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

***Yaz\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda \u201cZaqadki \u0130storii\u201d (\u211622, 2014), \u201cEpoxa Vozrojdeniya\u201c\u00a0 \u2116(4(8) 2008) jurnallar\u0131nda v\u0259 pravda.ru\u00a0 sayt\u0131nda A.P.\u00c7exov haqq\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 olunub.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131ya 779 d\u0259f\u0259 bax\u0131l\u0131b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1860-c\u0131 ild\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc\u00a0 gildaya aid olan tacirin evind\u0259 o\u011flan u\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259 he\u00e7 kim onun Rusiyada, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 d\u00fcnyada tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcman etmirdi. Ail\u0259 Taqanroqda ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131. Cavan o\u011flan \u00a0gimnaziyaya q\u0259bul olunan vaxt atas\u0131 onlar\u0131 bird\u0259f\u0259lik t\u0259rk ed\u0259r\u0259k Moskvaya g\u0259lir. Sonralar Anton varl\u0131 qohumlar\u0131n evin\u0259 nahar\u00a0 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn getdiyini, acl\u0131q ucbat\u0131ndan d\u0259rsl\u0259rin\u0259 m\u00fctamadi ged\u0259 bilm\u0259diyini […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[17,3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9230"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9230"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9230\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9233,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9230\/revisions\/9233"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9230"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}