{"id":9421,"date":"2015-07-06T11:49:49","date_gmt":"2015-07-06T06:49:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=9421"},"modified":"2015-07-06T11:49:49","modified_gmt":"2015-07-06T06:49:49","slug":"rita-herron-nasi-yazicilarin-tez-tez-t%c9%99krarlanan-yeddi-s%c9%99hvi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/?p=9421","title":{"rendered":"Rita HERRON &#8212; Na\u015f\u0131 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n tez-tez t\u0259krarlanan yeddi s\u0259hvi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/kultur.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/kitab-adam-1_54f98bdd7e796.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright wp-image-8954 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/kultur.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/kitab-adam-1_54f98bdd7e796-242x300.jpg\" alt=\"kitab-adam-1_54f98bdd7e796\" width=\"242\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Yet\u0259rsiz konflikt<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Konflikt \u2013 hekay\u0259dir! Konflikt hekay\u0259 yazma\u011fa d\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k q\u0259d\u0259r real problem olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0130ki adam m\u00fcbahis\u0259 edirs\u0259, \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259, onlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda konflikt var. Amma \u0259g\u0259r m\u00fcbahis\u0259 sad\u0259c\u0259 s\u00f6hb\u0259t etm\u0259kl\u0259 v\u0259 ya ki\u00e7ik bir h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259 yoluna qoyula bil\u0259rs\u0259, bu hekay\u0259 bir kitab\u0131 t\u0259min ed\u0259c\u0259k q\u0259d\u0259r g\u00fccl\u00fc konflikt deyil.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131n daxili konflikti (s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri) d\u0259 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu daxili konflikt xarakterl\u0259ri m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n c\u00fcr davranma\u011fa, se\u00e7im etm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur edir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Ad\u0259t\u0259n daxili s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259 ba\u015flar\u0131na g\u0259lmi\u015f v\u0259 onlar\u0131 yaralam\u0131\u015f bir olay\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259sidir. Daxili konflikt oxucuya xarakterin z\u0259iflikl\u0259rini g\u00f6rm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Xarici konflikt roman\u0131 daha maraql\u0131 v\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tli edir. Xarici konflikt xarakterl\u0259ri fiziki m\u0259nada bir-birin\u0259 yax\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131ran situasiyalar \u0259traf\u0131nda c\u0259r\u0259yan edir v\u0259 s\u00fcjetl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Xarici konflikti xarakterl\u0259rinin daxili konfliktl\u0259rini (z\u0259iflikl\u0259rini v\u0259 qorxular\u0131n\u0131) a\u015fkara \u00e7\u0131xaracaq \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 qurmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Dola\u015f\u0131q s\u00fcjet<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">S\u00fcjet m\u0259na verm\u0259lidir. \u018fg\u0259r s\u0259n daim xarakterl\u0259rini bir araya g\u0259tirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yollar axtar\u0131rsansa v\u0259 yaxud s\u00fcjetin el\u0259 h\u0259d\u0259q\u0259d\u0259n \u00e7\u0131x\u0131b ki, inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 lap itirib, onda y\u0259qin ki, s\u00fcjet x\u0259tti dola\u015f\u0131qd\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Redaktorlar hekay\u0259l\u0259ri oxutmaq v\u0259 ya satmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onlarda tapd\u0131qlar\u0131 &#8220;ilg\u0259k\u201dl\u0259ri qabard\u0131rlar. B\u0259z\u0259n yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar \u00e7oxlu element yarad\u0131r, ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hekay\u0259nin i\u00e7ind\u0259 gizl\u0259dirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Bir v\u0259 ya iki \u201cilg\u0259k\u201d se\u00e7 v\u0259 onlar\u0131 qabart. Sonra xarakterl\u0259r aras\u0131nda m\u00fcnasib\u0259t yaratmaqla m\u0259\u015f\u011ful ol.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Kartondan xarakterl\u0259r<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Oxucular xarakterl\u0259rin b\u00f6y\u00fck, eyni zamanda stereotip yox, real insanlar olmas\u0131n\u0131 arzulay\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Canl\u0131 t\u0259svirl\u0259r v\u0259 arxa-hekay\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259 xarakterl\u0259ri canland\u0131rmaq, qeyri-orijinal, \u00e7ox i\u015fl\u0259nib baya\u011f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f xarakterl\u0259rd\u0259n uzaq durmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Xarakterl\u0259rin m\u0259ntiqli olmas\u0131na diqq\u0259t et. H\u0259r bir xarakterin g\u00fccl\u00fc v\u0259 q\u00fcsurlu c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259ri olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Q\u00fcsurlar biz\u0259 xarakterin z\u0259iflikl\u0259rini g\u00f6rm\u0259y\u0259, bu is\u0259 xarakter\u0259 daha \u00e7ox simpatiya duyma\u011f\u0131m\u0131za k\u00f6m\u0259k edir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">H\u0259dd\u0259n art\u0131q yax\u015f\u0131 xarakter dar\u0131xd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r! Ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ind\u0259 beyin oldu\u011fu bilinm\u0259y\u0259n bir xarakter simpatiya qazana bilm\u0259z.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Depressiyada olan, \u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 x\u0259cal\u0259t \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n q\u0259hr\u0259manlar da el\u0259c\u0259, bizim simpatiyam\u0131z\u0131 qazana bilm\u0259zl\u0259r, \u00e7\u00fcnki onlar \u00f6zl\u0259rini d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ndirmirl\u0259r v\u0259 q\u0259hr\u0259man deyirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Bir d\u0259, axmaq q\u0259hr\u0259manlara qar\u015f\u0131 diqq\u0259tli olmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r (gec\u0259yar\u0131 qaranl\u0131q q\u0259birstanl\u0131\u011fa ged\u0259n q\u0259hr\u0259man kimil\u0259rind\u0259n!)<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">\u018fg\u0259r gec\u0259yar\u0131 qaranl\u0131q q\u0259birstanl\u0131\u011fa gedirs\u0259, onun bu h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yet\u0259rli \u0259sas\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, u\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 xilas etm\u0259y\u0259 gedirs\u0259, bu \u0259sasl\u0131 motivasiyad\u0131r).<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Onun t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259rdar olmas\u0131, m\u00fcdafi\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6z\u00fcl\u0259 n\u0259 is\u0259, ayaqqab\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n daban\u0131 da olsa, g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259si xarakterin axmaq kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259sinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaqdan \u00f6tr\u00fc \u00e7ox vacibdir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">H\u0259r bir xarakter hekay\u0259y\u0259 \u00f6z problemil\u0259 g\u0259ldiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, ham\u0131s\u0131 hekay\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259li v\u0259 n\u0259 is\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259lidir. Misal \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, daha ki\u015fil\u0259r\u0259 inanmayan bir qad\u0131n bu hekay\u0259d\u0259 bir ki\u015fiy\u0259 inanma\u011f\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0130lg\u0259ksiz<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Birinci c\u00fcml\u0259, birinci abzas v\u0259 ya ilk f\u0259sil xarakterin konfliktini g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259li v\u0259 bizi hekay\u0259nin i\u00e7in\u0259 dartan ilg\u0259k olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131 konfliktl\u0259 d\u0259rhal \u00fczl\u0259\u015f\u0259c\u0259yi bir situasiya\u0131n i\u00e7in\u0259 sal.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Dar\u0131xd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 arxa-hekay\u0259d\u0259n uzaq qa\u00e7, \u0259v\u0259zind\u0259 onu hiss\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 ay\u0131rmaqla yaz\u0131 boyu s\u0259p\u0259l\u0259.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>H\u0259dd\u0259n art\u0131q t\u0259hkiy\u0259 v\u0259 qeyri-kafi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">\u201cDem\u0259, G\u00f6st\u0259r!\u201d d\u00fcsturunu he\u00e7 vaxt unutma. Uzun t\u0259hkiy\u0259 v\u0259 t\u0259svirl\u0259rd\u0259n qa\u00e7. Xarakterini d\u0259rhal konfliktli v\u0259 ya problemli v\u0259ziyy\u0259t\u0259 sal, sonra onun reaksiyalar\u0131n\u0131 dem\u0259k \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Qoy xarakter haqda onun dialoqlar\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259ri vasit\u0259sil\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259k.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn (rezolyusiya) hekay\u0259d\u0259ki b\u00fct\u00fcn suallar\u0131 v\u0259 probleml\u0259ri bir-biril\u0259 ba\u011flamal\u0131 oldu\u011funu unutma. Romantik oxucular xo\u015fb\u0259xt sonluq ist\u0259yirl\u0259r, amma bunun inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 v\u0259 realist olmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u0259yirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Yet\u0259rsiz dialoq (yaxud qeyri-t\u0259bii dialoq)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Xarakteri canlad\u0131rma\u011f\u0131n yollar\u0131 bunlard\u0131r: onu qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259t qura bil\u0259c\u0259yi situasiyaya salmaq, biz\u0259 onun n\u0259 etdiyini, v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259n nec\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259m\u0259k, onun xarakterini a\u00e7maq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn dialoqlardan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Dialoqlar yoluyla g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k s\u0259hif\u0259ni v\u0259 uzun t\u0259hkiy\u0259 par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcr (s\u0259hif\u0259ni vizual olaraq, daha xo\u015fag\u0259l\u0259n edir.) Xarakterl\u0259r haqda onlar\u0131n \u00f6z dedikl\u0259ri, n\u0259 c\u00fcr dedikl\u0259ri, nitq formalar\u0131 v\u0259 intonasiyalar\u0131, eyni zamanda dem\u0259dikl\u0259ri \u015feyl\u0259r vasit\u0259sil\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nirik.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Daxili monoloq (fikirl\u0259r) da a\u00e7\u0131qlay\u0131c\u0131 ola bil\u0259r: xarakter bir \u015fey deyib ba\u015fqa \u015feymi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr?!<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Hekay\u0259ni v\u0259 xarakterl\u0259ri ir\u0259li aparmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn dialoq yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u0259min ol, amma dialoqu giri\u015f\u0259 salmaqdan, yaxud s\u0131rf s\u00f6hb\u0259t olsun dey\u0259 yazmaqdan \u00e7\u0259kin. Dialoqlar\u0131n\u0131 say.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Qeyri-t\u0259bii s\u0259sl\u0259n\u0259n dialoqlardan qa\u00e7maq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn televizora, filml\u0259r\u0259 bax, insanlar\u0131n s\u00f6hb\u0259tl\u0259rini dinl\u0259.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00c7ox adam qeyri-r\u0259smi dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlarda ziddiyy\u0259tli c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r qurur. Onlar\u0131n s\u0259s tonlar\u0131n\u0131, nitq \u015f\u0259kill\u0259rini, intonasiyalar\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fdir, onlar\u0131 f\u0259rdl\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7evir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Misal \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, tarix professoruyla iki ya\u015fl\u0131 u\u015fa\u011f\u0131n dan\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259nm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Ba\u015fdan ba\u015fa tullanma \u2013 N\u0259z\u0259r n\u00f6qt\u0259sini d\u0259yi\u015fdirm\u0259k<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">N\u0259z\u0259r n\u00f6qt\u0259si hekay\u0259ni dan\u0131\u015fan xarakter\u0259 aid m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259dir: Biz kimin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ind\u0259yik?<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Hekay\u0259d\u0259 oxucu bir ba\u015f xarakteri v\u0259 onun problemini tan\u0131y\u0131b m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259lidir. H\u0259min tan\u0131ma i\u015fini asanla\u015fd\u0131rmaq ist\u0259yirs\u0259ns\u0259, n\u0259z\u0259r n\u00f6qt\u0259sini sabit saxla (bir xarakterin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ind\u0259 qal).<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">N\u0259z\u0259r n\u00f6qt\u0259sini bir xarakterd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131b ba\u015fqa xarakter\u0259 ke\u00e7irm\u0259k t\u0259siri poza bil\u0259r, bunu romanda etm\u0259k effektivdir, hekay\u0259d\u0259 yox. Romanda s\u0259hn\u0259ni d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259kl\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r n\u00f6qt\u0259sini d\u0259 asanl\u0131qla d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259k olar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Romantik romanlarda bir ki\u015fi q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131n n\u0259z\u0259r n\u00f6qt\u0259sind\u0259n, sonra qad\u0131n q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131n n\u0259z\u0259r n\u00f6qt\u0259sind\u0259n yaz\u0131rlar, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Unutma ki, bir xarakterin n\u0259z\u0259r n\u00f6qt\u0259sind\u0259n yaz\u0131rsansa, onda o, ba\u015fqa bir xarakterin n\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc yaln\u0131z onun h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n, jestl\u0259rind\u0259n, dialoqlardan bil\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Bu halda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u015f\u0259xsin dilind\u0259n yaz\u0131lan, h\u0259r \u015feyi bil\u0259n t\u0259hkiy\u0259\u00e7i n\u0259z\u0259r n\u00f6qt\u0259sind\u0259n (m\u00fc\u0259llifin n\u0259z\u0259r n\u00f6qt\u0259sind\u0259n) qa\u00e7maq laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;\">Bel\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r n\u00f6qt\u0259si oxucunu uzaqla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. Xarakterin hiss etdikl\u0259rini oxucunun da hiss etm\u0259sini \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fdirir.<\/p>\n<p>M\u0259nb\u0259: Oxu zal\u0131. az<\/p>\n<p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"9421\">Yaz\u0131ya 768 d\u0259f\u0259 bax\u0131l\u0131b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yet\u0259rsiz konflikt Konflikt \u2013 hekay\u0259dir! Konflikt hekay\u0259 yazma\u011fa d\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k q\u0259d\u0259r real problem olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ki adam m\u00fcbahis\u0259 edirs\u0259, \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259, onlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda konflikt var. Amma \u0259g\u0259r m\u00fcbahis\u0259 sad\u0259c\u0259 s\u00f6hb\u0259t etm\u0259kl\u0259 v\u0259 ya ki\u00e7ik bir h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259 yoluna qoyula bil\u0259rs\u0259, bu hekay\u0259 bir kitab\u0131 t\u0259min ed\u0259c\u0259k q\u0259d\u0259r g\u00fccl\u00fc konflikt deyil. Q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131n daxili konflikti (s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri) d\u0259 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu daxili konflikt [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[17,3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9421"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9421"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9421\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9422,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9421\/revisions\/9422"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultur.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}